Miscibility and surface crystal morphology of blends containing poly(vinylidene fluoride) by atomic force microscopy

The miscibility and surface crystalline structure of blends containing poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) composed of and γ phases were investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and differential scanning calorimeter (d.s.c.) measurements. It was found that the surface crystalline phase of PVDF and the degree of surface enrichment of a lower surface free energy component in a blend might strongly be affected by the magnitude of the intermolecular interaction, even though the blend is miscible. Also, the segmental interaction parameters was determined by combining the T_m depression of PVDF in a blend and the binary interaction model. According to the binary interaction model, the introduction of a carboxyl group for miscible [poly(methyl methacrylate)/PVDF] and [poly(vinyl acetate)/PVDF] blends decreased their miscibility.     

离心铝热法制造陶瓷衬里复合管 Ⅱ.陶瓷不锈钢衬里复合管的探索

探索了离心铝热法制造陶瓷不锈钢衬里复合管的工艺,研究了复合管中陶瓷层、不锈钢层和碳钢层的金相组织特征,讨论了衬里层出现缺陷的原因,并提出相应的工艺改进措施。     

Enzymatic Interesterification of High Oleic Sunflower Oil and Tripalmitin or Tristearin

The objective of this study was to produce low saturated, zero‐trans, interesterified fats with 20 or 30 % saturated fatty acids (SFA) such as C16:0 or C18:0. Tripalmitin (TP) or tristearin (TS) was blended with high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO) at different ratios (0.1:1, 0.3:1, and 0.5:1 [w/w]). Total C16:0 and C18:0 compositions of the resulting TP/HOSO and TS/HOSO blends, respectively, were plotted against blending ratios. Linear interpolation was used to estimate blending ratios that would yield physical blends (PB) with 20 or 30 % SFA. Interesterified blends (IB) were then synthesized from the customized PB using Lipozyme TL IM as the biocatalyst. Total and sn‐2 fatty acid compositions, triacylglycerol (TAG) molecular species, thermal behavior, and oxidative stability of PB and IB were compared. The total fatty acid compositions of PB and IB were similar but fatty acid positional distributions and TAG molecular species composition differed. IB contained 5–10 % more SFA at the sn‐2 position than corresponding PB. Furthermore, interesterification generated mono‐ and disaturated TAG species which resulted in broader melting profiles for IB. However, IB had lower oxidative stability than PB. The reformulation of food products with zero‐trans interesterified fats may be advantageous to the reduction of cardiovascular disease burden in the population.     

优质中,高碳钢的冷轧长带生产

优质中、高碳钢的冷轧长带在生产过程中必须研究最合理的热处理工艺,以及最经济的热处理制度和轧程的安排,才能低耗高效地生产符合优质冷带技术标准的产品。     

限制淬透性轴承钢的整体感应加热—表面淬火技术

论述了限制淬透性轴承钢制造的铁路轴承内套圈采用整体感应加热-表面淬火处理的工艺要点及处理工艺与组织性能的关系。该工艺处理的套圈获得表层为马氏体,心部为珠光体的优良强韧性组织和表层大于3mm的压应力层,套圈的疲劳寿命得到有效提高。     

硫酸泵用钢的腐蚀行为研究

在温度为60℃、浓度为60％的H_2SO_4苛刻介质条件下,对7种铸造不锈钢进行了耐蚀试验。均匀腐蚀、晶间腐蚀和电化学腐蚀的试验结果表明,除316钢外,其余各试验钢均具有良好的抗硫酸腐蚀性能,可根据用户的要求选择使用。     

不锈钢精炼技术的现状与发展

从五个方面对不锈钢二次精炼工艺和转炉／真空复合精炼工艺现状和发展作了概述,提出了选择精炼工艺路线的四条原则。     

GCr15钢贝氏体马氏体复合组织的力学性能

本文研究了贝氏体含量与贝氏体—马氏体复合组织力学性能的关系。试验结果表明,复合组织中含有40～50%下贝氏体时具有最佳的强韧性配合及其疲劳性能。     

硅质钢包内衬脱除层的研制与使用

以石英砂为主要原料，研制了一种硅质钢包内村脱除层。该脱除层用于铝镁浇注料整体浇注钢包内村时，可使包役期满的工作层顺利脱除；使永久层耐火材料得到保护；可节约耐火材料１．６２ｋｇ／ｔ钢。     

The Chemistry of Water Treatment Processes Involving Ozone,Hydrogen Peroxide and Ultraviolet Radiation

Advanced oxidation processes are defined as those which involve the generation of hydroxyl radicals in sufficient quantity to affect water purification. The theoretical and (practical yield of OH from O₃ at high pH, 0₃/H₂0₂, O₃/UV and H₂O₂/UV systems is reviewed. New data is presented which illustrates the importance of direct photolysis in the O₃/UV process, the effect of the H₂0₂:0₃ ratio in the O₃/H₂O₂ process, and the impact of the low extinction coefficient of H₂O₂ in the H₂0₂/UV process.