Mutation of Leaf Senescence 1 Encoding a C2H2 Zinc Finger Protein Induces ROS Accumulation and Accelerates Leaf Senescence in Rice

Premature senescence of leaves causes a reduced yield and quality of rice by affecting plant growth and development. The regulatory mechanisms underlying early leaf senescence are still unclear. The Leaf senescence 1 (LS1) gene encodes a C2H2-type zinc finger protein that is localized to both the nucleus and cytoplasm. In this study, we constructed a rice mutant named leaf senescence 1 (ls1) with a premature leaf senescence phenotype using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing of the LS1 gene. The ls1 mutants exhibited premature leaf senescence and reduced chlorophyll content. The expression levels of LS1 were higher in mature or senescent leaves than that in young leaves. The contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly increased and catalase (CAT) activity was remarkably reduced in the ls1 plants. Furthermore, a faster decrease in pigment content was detected in mutants than that in WT upon induction of complete darkness. TUNEL and staining experiments indicated severe DNA degradation and programmed cell death in the ls1 mutants, which suggested that excessive ROS may lead to leaf senescence and cell death in ls1 plants. Additionally, an RT-qPCR analysis revealed that most senescence-associated and ROS-scavenging genes were upregulated in the ls1 mutants compared with the WT. Collectively, our findings revealed that LS1 might regulate leaf development and function, and that disruption of LS1 function promotes ROS accumulation and accelerates leaf senescence and cell death in rice.     

STBC发射分集OFDM系统的一种低复杂度的信道估计

针对空时分组编码(STBC)发射分集的多天线正交频分复用(OFDM)系统，文章提出一种新的、低复杂度的信道估计方法——正交一线性估计。该方法利用空时分组编码的复正交特性，将多个收发天线对的信道分离与估计问题简化为一线性变换问题，然后基于最小二乘准则(Least—Square)，完成信道估计器的设计。理论分析和仿真结果表明，和已有的LS信道估计方法相比，该方法能提供3dB性能改善。