磷酸对铅钙合金板栅性能的影响

本实验采用恒电流腐蚀、析氢试验,阴板楹化和动电位扫描测量等方法,考察了少量磷酸对铅钙合金材料的电化学性能的影响。表明添加少量磷酸可使铅钙合金腐蚀量减少,析氢过电位提高几十毫伏,析氢量下降,但充电接受能力下降。借助拉曼光谱分析证明腐蚀膜组分不含PbSO_4,推断少量磷酸可改善铅钙合金在硫酸溶液中的循环寿命。     

密闭式免维护铅酸蓄电池的进展

本文对小型密闭式铅酸蓄电池几个有关的问题加以介绍,不仅概括电池的发展简史,更着重电池的结构、密闭的技术、电解液的制配和隔板的使用,旨在加深人们对密闭铅蓄电池的认识,促进该电池的发展。     

密封式铅酸蓄电池化成

作者介绍了密封式铅酸蓄电池极板的化成方法,并指出进行化成时应注意之要点。     

密封铅酸蓄电池和膏直线研究

表述湿膏密度与加酸量和总水量关系的和膏直线对铅酸蓄电池电极制备是十分重要的。本文给出建立和膏直线的方法,它们与实验数据符合。讨论了和膏直线应用于加酸量对正极(?)电曲线影响的试验设计。实验表明在足够电解液中,5小时放电率的正极活物利用率可达54％。     

铅对锌电积的影响和降低电锌含铅的措施

本文在分析锌电积中铅的来源和对锌电积的不良影响的基础上,提出了降低电锌含铅的措施。以利把我国电锌质量提高到一个新水平。     

PbSO_4/PbO_2转化过程的旋转环盘电极

本文采用旋转环盘电极方法,结合循环伏安和电位阶跃方法,研究了PbSO_4氧化为PbO_2过程机理。实验结果表明:上述转化过程在盘电极表面的固相膜内部进行,环电流响应的产生来源于盘电极上形成的PbO_2的溶解。     

摩托车用干荷电阀控式密封铅酸蓄电池

本文给出了摩托车用干荷电阀控式密封铅酸蓄电池(12V)的研究结果。(1)-10℃下10C_(10)(A)起动5s电压≥10.3V;持续时间90—120s。(2)干荷电贮存6个月后,在不补充电和25℃情况下10C_(10)(A)起动5s电压≥10.5V;放电容量损失15％。(3)湿荷电池在40℃水浴中放置21天后,在不补充电和-10℃情况下,10C_(10)(A)起动5s电压≥10.0V;放电容量损失23％。(4)在40℃水浴中用10W负载过放电30天后,再用正常方式充电的电池,在-10℃下10C_(10)(A)起到5s电压可以完全恢复;放电容量恢复至初始值的93％。(5)在40℃水浴中以25％放电深度循环128次后.-10℃下10C_(10)(A)起动5s电压几乎不受影响;放电容量损失23％。(6)25℃下10C_(10)(A)放电30s的高率放电循环寿命≥1800次。(7)密封反应率为99％。(8)25℃下,0.1C_(10)(A)过充电失水率8％。     

铅锑电极阳极膜中硫酸铅的氧化过程(英文)

采用电位阶跃和阻抗跟踪方法,研究了铅锑电极上阳极膜中硫酸铅氧化为二氧化铅过程,探讨了锑对这一过程的影响。考虑基底电极氧化过程与非稳态成核效应,推导了这一过程电流和电容的时间暂态响应方程。实验结果表明上述过程符合二维瞬时成核和生长过程机理,锑将阻碍这一过程的进行。实验结果与推导的理论公式很好地相符。     

Removal of Lead from Contaminated Water and Clay Soil Using a Biosurfactant

Lead removal from water and contaminated soils was investigated using biosurfactant, anionic, and nonionic surfactants in continuously stirred batch reactors. Lead-contaminated water up to 100?mg/L and clay soil up to 3,000?mg/kg were used in this investigation. The surfactant concentration up to 10 critical micelle concentration was used. The speciation of lead into the micelles was quantified and the lead removal efficiency depended on the level of contamination, surfactant type, and concentration. Of the surfactants used, biosurfactant (produced from used vegetable oil) had the best removal efficiency (75%) at a lead contamination of 100?mg/L in water at pH of over 12. The Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy study showed that the carboxyl group in the biosurfactant was effective in removing the lead from the solution. Langmuir and Freundlich relationships were used to represent the micelle partitioning of lead in the surfactant solutions. Desorption of lead from contaminated kaolinite clay was represented using linear isotherms. The biosurfactant solution had a higher micelle partitioning for the lead from contaminated water and desorbing the lead from the contaminated soil compared to the other chemical surfactants.     

我国铅蓄电池工业进展

本文采用表格的形式简明扼要地叙述了我国铅蓄电池工业发展的情况,重点放在中华人民共和国建国以来的四十年。