新型聚氨酯防水涂料性能的研究

本以聚醚多元醇和过量多异氰酸酯合成聚氨酯预聚体，以水为固化剂制备一种新型聚氨酯防水涂料，讨论了两种聚醚多元醇(N220／N3050)质量比、NCO质量分数、固化剂含量、甲乙两组分质量比对聚氨酯防水涂料力学性能的影响。     

加工助剂ZD-4的基本特性及应用研究

介绍了加工助剂ZD－4的基本特性，并在NR中进行了应用研究，试验结果表明，加工助剂ZD－4作为复合加工助剂对改善橡胶的加工特性有显著的效果，同时具有抗硫化返原性，可节省能耗，对硫化胶物性影响不大，是值得推广应用的综合效果较好的加工助剂。     

Hot compaction of woven nylon 6,6 multifilaments

We describe a study of the hot compaction of woven nylon 6,6 multifilaments produced by a patented procedure, developed at the University of Leeds, for creating novel single‐polymer composites. In this process, an assembly of oriented elements, often in the form of a woven cloth, is held under pressure and taken to a critical temperature so that a small fraction of the surface of each oriented element is melted, which on cooling recrystallizes to form the matrix of the single‐polymer composite. This process is therefore a way of producing novel high‐volume‐fraction polymer/polymer composites in which the two phases are chemically the same material. Nylon is an obvious candidate material for this process because oriented nylon multifilaments are available on a commercial scale. The aim of this study was first to establish the conditions of temperature and pressure for the successful hot compaction of oriented nylon 6,6 fibers and second to assess the mechanical properties of the manufactured hot‐compacted nylon sheets. A crucial aspect of this work, not previously examined in hot‐compaction studies of other oriented polymers, was the sensitivity of the properties to absorbed water, with a significant change in the properties measured immediately after hot‐compaction processing and 2 weeks later when 2% water had been absorbed by the compacted nylon sheets. As expected, the water uptake had a greater effect on those properties that depended on local chain interactions (e.g., the modulus and yield strength) and less effect on those properties that depended on the large‐scale properties of the molecular network (e.g., strength). The only negative aspect of the properties of the hot‐compacted nylon sheets was the elevated‐temperature performance of the wet sample, with the modulus falling to a very low value at a temperature of 80°C. However, apart from the elevated‐temperature performance, the majority of the measured properties of the hot‐compacted nylon sheets were comparable to those of hot‐compacted polypropylene and poly(ethylene terephthalate). © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 991–997, 2006     

SiC纤维增强玻璃陶瓷的结构与高温力学性能研究

通过ＳＥＭ，ＴＥＭ，ＡＥＳ，抗弯及蠕变试验考察了ＳｉＣ纤维增强的玻璃瓷的微观结构及高温力学性能。实验结果表明：除了在复合材料的基质中存在着大量的针状晶体之外，在纤维与基质的界面还存在着８０ｎｍ厚的富碳层。     

Design and development of low‐cost optical‐fiber sensors for temperature metrology: Process monitoring of an epoxy resin system

This article reports the design and deployment of two optical‐fiber temperature sensors based on the fiber Fabry–Perot etalon. The first involved the use of an extrinsic fiber Fabry–Perot sensor, but in this instance, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the reflector and/or capillary was chosen to offer a mismatch. Hence, the cavity length could increase or decrease according to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the fiber and/or capillary. For comparison, single‐mode and multimode optical‐fiber Bragg gratings were also used as temperature sensors. The Fabry–Perot sensors operated from ?50 to 410°C. The accuracy of the measurements was up to ±0.5°C with a low‐cost charged‐coupling‐device spectrometer. The sensors also worked effectively in a microwave oven and in a composite panel in an autoclave. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 83–95, 2004     

Mechanical properties of biorenewable fiber/plastic composites

Plastic fiber composites, consisting of polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE), and pinewood, big blue stem (BBS), soybean hulls, or distillers dried grain and solubles (DDGS), were prepared by extrusion. Young's modulus, tensile and flexural strengths, melt flow, shrinkage, and impact energy, with respect to the type, amount, and size of fiber on composites, were evaluated. Young's moduli under tensile load of wood, BBS, and soybean‐hull fiber composites, compared with those of pure plastic controls, were either comparable or higher. Tensile strength significantly decreased for all the PP/fiber composites when compared with that of the control. Strength of BBS fiber composites was higher than or comparable to that of wood. When natural fibers were added there was a significant decrease in the melt flow index for both plastic/fiber composites. There was no significant difference in the shrinkage of all fiber/plastic composites compared to that of controls. BBS/PE plastic composites resulted in higher notched impact strength than that of wood or soybean‐hull fiber composites. There was significant reduction in the unnotched impact strength compared to that of controls. BBS has the potential to be used as reinforcing materials for low‐cost composites. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 2484–2493, 2004     

Tensile properties of long aligned double-walled carbon nanotube strands

The mechanical properties of well-aligned double-walled carbon nanotube (DWNT) strands with diameters of 3-20 μm and lengths of ∼10 mm were measured using a stress-strain puller. The average tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the tested strands are 1.2 GPa and 16 GPa, respectively. Deformation and fracture processes of these samples are discussed. The tensile strength and Young’s modulus of an individual DWNT bundle were estimated, with values comparable to those of SWNT bundles. The superior mechanical strengths of our as-prepared DWNT strands are expected to give them potential as a high-strength material and a reinforcement in composites.     

(1-x)NBT-xBaTiO3系陶瓷材料制备过程中极化条件的研究

选取部分样品，采用不同的极化电压、极化温度和保温时间，测试其压电性能，确定最佳的极化工艺制度。     

湍流化学反应的分形数值模拟

基于涡串唯象概念和分形理论,建立了能够表达湍流多尺度结构物理特性的分形湍流化学反应模型,针对Steckler室内燃烧过程进行了数值模拟研究.湍流流动采用浮力修正的κ-ε双方程模型来模拟,辐射由Rosseland模型描述,整个模拟过程由ANSYS-CFX10.0实现.将模拟结果与Steckler的燃烧实验数据进行对比,并与EDC燃烧模型及文献中EBU燃烧模型的模拟结果进行对比.结果表明,FM燃烧模型模拟得出的温度、速度场分布与实验数据能够较好地吻合,是一种有前途的湍流化学反应模拟方法.