有色金属深井采矿研究现状与科学前沿

介绍了国内外金属矿山深部开采技术与研究概况,提出了诱变深井高应力、高地温、高井深为有利因素,变革深井开采技术所应解决的关键科学问题。     

高压水射流分流器的优化设计

高压水射流技术用来探雷排雷,是一个全新的研究领域,在探雷排雷的过程中会涉及到射流的分流问题,现有的分流器无法将射流稳定、均匀的分流,并且其受压面积及中心压力较大,会发生鼓起、膨胀的危险。针对这一问题,设计一种新型应用于高压水射流的分流器,通过FLUENT分析得出各出口的压力基本相同,流速基本接近。最后通过实验验证了新型分流器的实用性,有利于产生多束稳定、均匀的射流。     

河北地方矿山的发展道路

本文介绍了全国地方矿山产铁矿石最多(2595万t)的河北省地方铁矿的发展概况,同时分析了地方办矿发展的原因,论述了地方矿山的地位和作用以及如何扶持地方办矿,并有可能继续提高和发展的前景。     

A new concept of backfill design—Application of wick drains in backfilled stopes

Backfilling represents an environmentally friendly mining waste disposal technique. It is increasingly used in underground mines all over the world. However, its primary purpose remains to improve ground stability and to reduce ore dilution. Previous investigations have shown that fill drainage plays a key role in backfill and barricade design. With a poor drainage system in the backfilled stope, the required dimension of barricade, which is constructed at the base of the stope near the drift entrance, has to be increased. A poor backfill drainage system can also lead to a significant increase in drainage waiting time and further reduction in mining productivity. In this paper, the drainage of conventional backfill design in backfilled stopes is briefly reviewed. For the first time, the application of the wick drain is introduced in the backfill within mine stopes. The drainage improvement from the introduction of the wick drain is illustrated using numerical modeling.     

煤炭矿区可持续发展能力动态仿真系统研究

在分析煤炭矿区实施可持续发展所面临的困难及其生产经营特点的基础上,提出了动态集成化仿真设计思想,同时设计了煤炭可持续发展的动态集成化仿真系统,利用此系统从宏观上全面掌握煤炭企业发展的动态,为企业制定长期持续发展战略提供了仿真决策实验室,并利用此系统对潞安矿区实施可持续发展能力及其效果进行了动态仿真。     

Study of surface subsidence above an underground opening using a trap door apparatus

Physical model simulations have been performed to determine the effects of underground opening configurations on surface subsidence under super-critical conditions. This paper indicates the importance of the main factors that control the extent of subsidence produced on the surface and determines the effects of geometry of underground openings on the angle of draw, the maximum subsidence and the volume of the subsidence trough. A trap door apparatus with the test area of 95 × 95 cm² has been fabricated to perform the scaled-down simulations of surface subsidence. Gravel is used to represent the overburden in order to exhibit a cohesionless frictional behavior. In plan view the excavation dimensions are sufficient to induce maximum possible subsidence. The findings can be used to evaluate the subsidence profile for tunnels and caverns in soft ground. The results show that the angle of draw and the maximum subsidence are controlled by the width (W), length (L), height (H) and depth (Z) of the underground openings. The angle of draw and maximum subsidence increase with increasing L/W ratio and tends to approach a limit when L/W equals 3. For the same L/W ratio and H/W ratio, increasing the Z/W ratio reduces the angle of draw and maximum subsidence. The volume of the subsidence trough increases with increasing H/W ratio and L/W ratio. The width of the subsidence trough can be represented by sets of empirical relations. The relation between opening depth and subsidence trough developed by Rankin (for cohesionless soils) is in good agreement with most physical model results for deep openings (Z/W = 2–4), while for Z/W = 1, the predicted trough width is less than the physical model simulation. The volume of the subsidence trough is largest for Z/W = 2.5 and for H/W = 0.6, and is about 60% of volume of the underlying opening.     

基于模糊预测与线性规划的多矿山产能优化配置

在经济优化分析中,综合考虑影响矿山产量分配的主要约束,运用模糊预测原理对历史数据进行模糊化、归纳、总结、优化,建立模糊时间序列预测模型,利用模糊约束条件建立模糊目标规划模型,对矿山产能进行优化配置。对某公司下属的3个矿山2012、2013年产能配置进行了优化,结果表明,该模型是可靠的。     

伴生矿含放射性废水排放应执行标准的探讨

介绍了伴生矿含放射性废水的执行标准,结合实例分析了伴生矿含放射性废水执行GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》中总α不大于1 Bq/L限值的难度,探讨了该限制的合理性,并对标准的修订提出了建议。     

深大露天矿运输工艺与设备研究

根据我国露天矿的特点，探讨适合我国具体条件的深大露天矿的半连续运输系统及其采用的运输工艺及设备，着重研究半连续运煤系统设备的作业状况，通过大量统计数据对运煤系统作业状况进行分析，提出了提高运煤系统生产能力的途径和生产组织管理措施。