双腹板、顶底角钢半刚性连接节点的非线性有限元分析

用ANSYS有限元程序对双腹板、顶底角钢半刚性连接节点的非线性性能进行了理论分析,并将计算结果与试验结果进行了比较,两者吻合较好.通过对7个系列共23个双腹板、顶底角钢连接试件的有限元分析,重点探讨了连接的各类组件对节点力学性能的影响.结果表明:梁截面高度、顶底角钢厚度及与柱翼缘相连的顶底角钢螺栓间距对节点力学性能的影响较大;腹板角钢厚度对节点力学性能有一定的影响;柱腹板水平加劲肋、柱截面高度和螺栓直径对节点力学性能的影响较小.双腹板、顶底角钢连接梁柱节点属于典型的半刚性连接节点,建议在设计中考虑其对结构受力性能的影响.     

Shaped Charge Optimisation against Bulging Targets

Equivalent to the results against explosive reactive armour sandwiches also bulging armours can be better defeated by high performance precision shaped charges compared to so‐called robust shaped charges. The shaped charges with larger liner angles or thicker liners have less jet tip velocities which results in less residual penetration capabilities.     

Experimental research into the effect of gas pressure,particle size and nozzle area on initial gas-release energy during gas desorption

Coal and gas outburst is a violent disaster driven by released energy from gas desorption. The initial expansion energy of released gas(IEERG) is a new method to predict coal and gas outburst. In this paper,an instrument for IEERG measurement was developed. Compared with previous setups, the new one which is equipped with three convergent nozzles and quick-release mechanism gets improved in data acquisition and gas sealing and releasing performance. To comprehensively know the effect of gas pressure, particle size, and nozzle area on IEERG, a series of experiments were carried out with this new setup.The variable control test results indicated that the gas pressure-IEERG curves remain the linear trend and the particle size-IEERG curves maintain the negative exponential trend for nozzle areas at 1.13, 2.26, and3.39 mm2, respectively. The increase in nozzle area leads to deceases in value of IEERG and absolute value of slope of fitting curves in each test. In addition, the orthogonal experiment showed that the influence of gas pressure, nozzle area, and particle size on IEERG decreases in turn. Only gas pressure had a marked impact on IEERG. This work offers great importance in improving the accuracy of prediction of coal and gas outburst.     

螺旋槽干气密封性能及结构优化研究

建立螺旋角槽的数学模型,利用Fluent分别研究了不同的槽数、转速、入口压力、槽深、气膜厚度对密封性能的影响规律.通过分析对比密封性能参数如静压、开启力、泄漏量等,得出了单螺旋角槽性能最佳的几何结构参数.针对单螺旋角槽存在的问题,提出了一种双螺旋角槽干气密封结构,且计算结果表明:双螺旋角槽可使气动分离效果更明显,当吸力...     

THE INFLUENCE OF SILANE COUPLING AGENT COMPOSITION ON THE SURFACE CHARACTERIZATION OF FIBER AND ON FIBER-MATRIX INTERFACIAL SHEAR STRENGTH

It is well known that the fiber-matrix interface in many composites has a profound influence on composite performance. The objective of this study is to understand the influence of composition and concentration of coupling agent on interface strength by coating E-glass fibers with solutions containing a mixture of hydrolyzed propyl trimethoxysilane (PTMS) and γ-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (APS). The failure behavior and strength of the fiber-matrix interface were assessed by the single-fiber fragmentation test (SFFT), while the structure of silane coupling agent was studied in terms of its thickness by ellipsometry, its morphology by atomic force microscopy, its chemical composition by diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT), and its wettability by contact angle measurement. Deposition of 4.5 ×10 -3 mol/L solution of coupling agent in water resulted in a heterogeneous surface with irregular morphology. The SFFT results suggest that the amount of adhesion between the glass fiber and epoxy is dependent not only on the type of coupling agent but also on the composition of the coupling agent mixture. As the concentration of APS in the mixture increased, the extent of interfacial bonding between the fiber and matrix increased and the mode of failure changed. For the APS coated glass epoxy system, matrix cracks were formed perpendicular to the fiber axis in addition to a sheath of debonded interface region along the fiber axis.     

EFFECT OF CROSS FLOW ON THE SPRAY CHARACTERISTICS OF AN INDUSTRIAL FEED NOZZLE

The spray characteristics of a scaled-down version of an industrial feed nozzle are studied in the presence of a cross flow. Aerated liquid nitrogen is injected through the nozzle to generate the spray. The aeration rate is low and held constant, while two different liquid flow rates are used to produce the spray. A nonuniform wind profile is chosen to represent the cross flow condition. The droplet diameter and velocity measurements are acquired using a phase-Doppler particle analyzer. The results of the present study indicate that the spray momentum flux determines the extent of the jet bending. The droplets are accelerated significantly in the initial jet region as a result of flashing. However, further downstream of the nozzle, the vaporization of the droplets is considered to be negligible. The size-velocity correlation changes significantly for the case where the spray is shifted due to the cross flow.     

Effect of nozzle orifice geometry on spray, combustion, and emission characteristics under diesel engine conditions

Diesel engine performance and emissions are strongly coupled with fuel atomization and spray processes, which in turn are strongly influenced by injector flow dynamics. Modern engines employ micro-orifices with different orifice designs. It is critical to characterize the effects of various designs on engine performance and emissions. In this study, a recently developed primary breakup model (KH-ACT), which accounts for the effects of cavitation and turbulence generated inside the injector nozzle is incorporated into a CFD software CONVERGE for comprehensive engine simulations. The effects of orifice geometry on inner nozzle flow, spray, and combustion processes are examined by coupling the injector flow and spray simulations. Results indicate that conicity and hydrogrinding reduce cavitation and turbulence inside the nozzle orifice, which slows down primary breakup, increasing spray penetration, and reducing dispersion. Consequently, with conical and hydroground nozzles, the vaporization rate and fuel air mixing are reduced, and ignition occurs further downstream. The flame lift-off lengths are the highest and lowest for the hydroground and conical nozzles, respectively. This can be related to the rate of fuel injection, which is higher for the hydroground nozzle, leading to richer mixtures and lower flame base speeds. A modified flame index is employed to resolve the flame structure, which indicates a dual combustion mode. For the conical nozzle, the relative role of rich premixed combustion is enhanced and that of diffusion combustion reduced compared to the other two nozzles. In contrast, for the hydroground nozzle, the role of rich premixed combustion is reduced and that of non-premixed combustion is enhanced. Consequently, the amount of soot produced is the highest for the conical nozzle, while the amount of NO_x produced is the highest for the hydroground nozzle, indicating the classical tradeoff between them.     

Durchsatzverhalten von Hohlkegeldüsen

A semi empirical relationship is proposed for swirl nozzle discharge coefficients. It considers the theoretical background and is matched to an extended own experimental database and to data from manufacturers of industrial nozzles. The equation considers the liquid viscosity and can be used for very different nozzle designs.     

抗爆墙设计在实际工程中的应用

控制室墙体抗爆结构在石化系统的应用,结构设计的特点,结构设计中的说明、设计中应注意的问题;墙体钢筋配筋的计算,建筑物的变形计算等。     

切削速度及刀具前角对加工振动影响的探讨

本文对金属切削中不同切削速度情况下刀具前角对切削振动的影响做了大量的实验,并进行了相应的理论分析。其结果表明:随着刀具前角的增加,切削加工振动的振幅逐渐减小:当刀具前角γ_0<0°时,其单向最大振幅发生在v=50～70m/min,当γ_0≥0°时,其单向最大振幅发生在v=160～180m/min。同时还对高速精加工时如何避开振幅最大区域,确保加工质量问题提出了防范措施。