Oxidation study of Fe-8Cr-10Ni-(0-3)Si-(0-6)Mo alloys

Mechanisms are proposed to explain the oxidation rate behavior of Fe-8Cr-10Ni alloys to which varying amounts of either Si (0–3%) or Mo (0–6%), or both have been added. The formation and breakdown of a silica sublayer cause significant changes in the oxidation mechanism. The formation of the silica depends on preformation of a Cr₂O₃ outer layer. The addition of Mo enhances the oxidation protection of Fe-Si alloys by producing an Fe-Mo-Si precipitate in the base metal.     

Oxidation-sulfidation behavior of Ni aluminide in oxygen-sulfur mixed-gas atmospheres

Oxidation-sulfidation studies were conducted on sheet samples of nickel aluminide, containing 23.5 at. % Al, 0.5 at. % Hf, and 0.2 at. % B in an annealed condition and after preoxidation treatments. Continuous weight-change measurements were made by a thermogravimetric technique in exposure atmospheres of air, a low- gas mixture, and low- gas mixtures with several levels of sulfur. Detailed scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray, and electron microprobe analyses of the corrosion product scale layers were performed. The air-exposed specimens developed predominantly nickel oxide; the specimen exposed to a low- .     

LoCaL: Link-optimized cone-assisted location routing in flying ad hoc networks

Recently, flying ad hoc networks (FANETs) has become a core research area in wireless networks that involves multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). It is widely used in modern warfare for surveillance, monitoring and reconnaissance. The routing in FANETs poses a more significant challenge due to limited energy and frequent link disconnection between the UAVs. Consequently, an effective route is always required to ensure data transmission between UAVs. Therefore, this research proposes a link-optimized cone-assisted location (LoCaL) routing protocol for FANETs. The main goal of the proposed LoCaL is to enhance the link duration between the UAVs in which a source selects a forwarding UAV from a given set of neighbours by estimating the residual energy, link duration time and safety degree parameters. Proposed LoCaL provides better stability and less frequent route breaks between source and destination. Further, the mathematical formulation of the proposed approach is presented through the utility function to enhance the route stability by selecting all those relay UAVs in the cone-shaped request zone, which reduces the routing overhead in discovering the route. Finally, the performance of the LoCaL has been presented through key indicators such as energy consumption, routing overhead, message delivery ratio, network lifetime and delay compared to the existing approaches.     

超短脉冲高斯光束经聚焦透镜的光场形式

考虑到激光腔模中光腰的频率依赖性 ,得到了超短脉冲高斯光束经消色差透镜聚焦后光场的解析形式 ,并讨论了此时透镜群速度色散对光束聚焦性质的影响。分析了单透镜色差和群速度色散对超短脉冲高斯光束聚焦的时间分布及脉冲波面的影响 ;比较了消色差透镜及单透镜中脉冲初始光腰尺寸对聚焦的影响。     

空间多次启动、长期在轨泵压式动力系统方案研究

通过对国内外上面级动力系统技术现状与发展趋势进行分析,提出开展上面级提高启动次数、延长在轨时间研制需求。采用液体推进剂启动箱启动的泵压式主发动机方案,可实现泵压式发动机空间多次启动;采用启动篮方案,可实现长时间滑行多次启动推进剂管理。研究结果表明:多次启动、长期在轨泵压式动力系统使上面级的性能和任务适应性得到全面提升。     

多路开关,模拟量混合光纤传输系统

介绍了一种多路混合信号光纤传输系统。该系统采用单片机完成信号采集、正理３和传输，大大简人了硬件电路、缩小了产品体积，提高了系统的可靠性。     

In situ X-ray diffraction study of self-forming barriers from a Cu-Mn alloy in 100 nm Cu/low-k damascene interconnects using synchrotron radiation

An in situ study of self-forming barriers from a Cu-Mn alloy was performed to investigate the barrier growth using X-ray diffraction on damascene lines. The associated evolution in interconnect texture and Cu stress was also observed. The shift in Cu diffraction peak position was used to determine the change in Mn concentration and hence, estimate the thickness of the MnSi_xO_y barrier. The observed peak shift followed a log(t) behaviour and is described well by metal oxidation kinetics, following the field enhanced diffusion model. We used multiple anneal temperatures to study the activation of the formation process, demonstrating a faster barrier formation with higher ion excitation. A strong [1 1 1] Cu texture was shown to develop during the anneal in contrast to traditional PVD barrier systems. Finally, the stress in the 100 nm Cu lines was calculated, observing a large in-plane relaxation when using a self-forming barrier due to reduced confinement.     

Spatial and Temporal Variations of the Indoor Wireless EHF Channel

This paper reports line-of-sight propagation measurements performed at 37.2GHz between two terminals in an empty room in order to investigate the spatialand temporal fadings in terms of antenna directivity and human motion,respectively. The empirical data base consists of recordings of CW envelopefading waveforms with a fixed transmitter and either moving or stationaryreceiver. The reported results include amplitude fading distributions,propagation loss gradients, level crossing rates and fade durationsstatistics. These results can be used in the modeling, design reliableoperation of local multi-point communication systems.     

无铅波峰焊钎料抗氧化影响的研究

研究了目前常用的Sn-0.7Cu无铅钎料在手浸锡炉和模拟波峰炉中的抗氧化情况.主要研究了微量P元素的加入对钎料抗氧化性的影响.通过钎料在液态下表面颜色变化和锡渣的产生量的比较可以发现微量P元素的加入可以提高钎料的抗氧化性能.通过比色分析发现微量P元素在钎料表面或亚表面富集,形成"阻挡层",抑制了钎料的进一步氧化.通过实验得出P的最佳质量分数为0.011%.     

System Throughput Analysis of Rate Adaptive TDMA System Supporting Two Class Services

In this paper, an adaptive transmission scheme is proposed to improve the spectral efficiency of TDMA systems. Services accommodated in such systems are classified as QoS services and BE services. Unlike conventional adaptive TDMA systems where the time slot duration is fixed for each user, our proposed system employs transmission slots with adaptive duration. For QoS services, rate adaptive modulation is adopted to make use of the instantaneous channel conditions of individual user. For BE services, a media access control strategy (MAC) that takes the instantaneous transmission conditions of all physical links of all BE services into consideration is employed. A framework to study the proposed system in terms of the average packet loss and the average system throughput is presented. The maximum number of QoS services that can be supported in the system while a predefined requirement on the average packet loss is still satisfied is investigated. A comparison study shows that our proposed scheme has higher system throughput over both conventional fixed and adaptive TDMA systems. Ronghong Mo received her B.Sc. and M. Sc. Degree from Zhongshan University, Guangzhou, China, both in Physics. From July 1999 to July 2003, she was a research scholar in the department of Electrical and Computer Engineering in National University of Singapore (NUS), toward her PhD degree. She is currently working as a research engineer in NUS. Her research interests include adaptive modulation, synchronization and channel estimation in wireless communications. Yong Huat Chew received the B.Eng, M.Eng and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from National University of Singapore, Singapore. Since 1996, he has been with the Institute for Infocomm Research (formerly also known as Center for Wireless Communications and Institute for Communications Research), an institute under Agency for Science, Technology and Research, where he is presently a lead Scientist. His research interests are in wireless communications, transmission over HFC, DSL and all-optical networks.