Pd—DBS—偶氮胂新显色体系的分光光度法测定钛合金中微量钯

在较高酸度的H_3PO_4介质中钯与DBS—偶氮肿的新显色反应有较高的选择性。钯含量在0～10μg/10ml符合比尔定律,ε_(610)=2.37×10~4。提出不经分离,准确、快速测定钛合金中微量钯的方法。     

湿法冶金制备的Ag—Pd合金粉末的固溶合金化研究

根据Ｘ射线衍射原理，建立湿法冶金固溶合金粉末的定量测定方法，可用于电子浆料合金粉末的检测，相对误差在±０．０１２５。     

用失效的C－Pd催化剂生产氯化钯

介绍了用锌镁粉直接还原与处理失效废弃的Ｃ－Ｐｄ催化剂，并用自制混酸直接生产氯化钯的工艺。该工艺比传统的铝粉置换法更快捷，钯收率更高。     

Influence of Pd doping on morphology and LPG response of SnO2

In the present study nanocrystalline pristine and Pd-doped SnO₂ (Pd:SnO₂) with various mol% Pd have been synthesized by a modified Pechini citrate route. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction studies were used to characterize the morphology, crystallinity, and structure of the SnO₂ and Pd:SnO₂. The response of the pristine SnO₂ and Pd:SnO₂ was studied towards different reducing gases. The 1.5 mol% Pd doping showed an enhanced response of 75 and 95% towards LPG at as low as 50 and 100 °C, respectively, which were quite large high value as compared with pristine SnO₂ (38 and 35% at 50 and 100 °C, respectively). Structural characterization revealed that Pd doping reduced the crystallite size of SnO₂ and helps in the formation of distinct spherical nanospheres at a calcinations temperature of 500 °C. Thus the increase in LPG response can be correlated with the spherical morphology, a decrease in the crystallite size (11 nm) due to doping with Pd as compared with the pristine SnO₂ (26 nm) and main role of Pd as a catalyst.     

Room temperature hydrogen gas sensor nanocomposite based on Pd-decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes thin films

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are successfully processed in the form of thin films (buckypapers), and their morphology and electrical behaviour are characterized. The MWCNTs are synthesized by the floating catalyst chemical vapour deposition process. The effects of a sequence of treatments applied for MWCNTs purification on the buckypapers electrical behaviour are also examined. Nanocomposite thin films constituted of pristine and purified MWCNTs and Pd nanoparticles are prepared in order to evaluate their viability as H₂ sensors at room temperature. For this purpose, the electrical resistance of the nanocomposite films in atmospheres with different H₂ concentrations, is determined. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the buckypapers and the nanocomposite films are 2D structures constituted by randomly oriented MWCNTs. The buckypapers present a semiconductor-like electrical behaviour as determined by the standard four point method. Room temperature resistivity values of around 10⁻³ Ω m are assessed. Nanocomposite films show different electrical behaviour depending on the purification treatment applied to the MWCNTs employed. Furthermore, the electrical resistance of the nanocomposite films is found to increase when the measurements are performed in H₂ atmosphere. Values of H₂ sensitivity at room temperature of the nanocomposite films up to 2.15% are determined for H₂ average concentration higher than 350 ppm with short recovery time.     

Catalytic activity of copper and palladium based catalysts for toluene total oxidation

In this study, catalysts containing 0.5 wt.% of palladium or 5 wt.% of copper were compared towards toluene total oxidation using FAU Zeolite and ZrO₂ supports. A 0.5%Pd/NaFAU and 5%Cu/ZrO₂ were found to be promising catalysts for this reaction. Palladium presented then a better affinity for FAU zeolite and copper oxide had a better affinity for zirconia. The performances of Pd based catalysts were correlated to interaction between the active phase and the support whereas the activity of copper oxide was related to oxygen mobility property of the support leading to copper oxide particles easily reducible. Support modifications, yttrium addition for ZrO₂ and cation exchange for the zeolite FAU, still enhanced the catalytic activity. Therefore, 0.5%Pd/CsFAU and 5%Cu/Zr₉₅Y₅ samples were found to be interesting catalysts for total VOC oxidation.     

钯合金膜分离器级联氢同位素分离研究

提出了一种基于钯合金膜分离器串联(PMSCS)的氢同位素分离系统的初步设计,建立了评估该分离方法分离效果的数学模型,根据此模型和前期关于分离器分离系数的测定结果,估算了多级氢同位素分离系统分离级数与分离产品气、尾气中氘和氕之间的关系.结果表明,分离系统所串联的分离级数量越大分离效果越好.对于一个5级串联分离系统(单级分离器分离系数q=1.8),当以50%H-50%D混合气体为原料气时,若产品气的提取比例为40%,产品气中的D含量将达到约92%,产品气得到了充分富集;若尾气的提取比例为40%,尾气中的氢含量将达到约99.95%,尾气中的氘得到了充分的贫化.与低温蒸馏、热循环吸附分离和钯合金膜分离器级联分离比较,钯合金膜分离器串联系统具有结构简单、氚的贮留量小等优点,适用于氢同位素混合气体的分批次操作分离.     

多层陶瓷电容器废料中回收银、钯工艺的研究

研究了从多层陶瓷电容器（ＭＬＣＣ）废料中回收银、钯的方法，２００目的废料用４ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＮＯ３在８０℃下浸出２ｈ（液固比３），银、钯浸出率分别为９１％和９８％。用盐酸从浸出液中沉淀银，氯化银经熔炼得到９８％粗银锭，银回收率为８８％，用铁粉和丁基黄药分别从沉银母液和浸出渣洗水中置换、沉淀钯，用传统精炼钯的方法得到９９９５％Ｐｄ，钯回收率为９５％。     

Effects of preparation conditions on the morphology and performance of palladium nanostructures

Three-dimensional palladium nanoflowers (PdNF) composed of ultrathin Pd nanosheets had been synthesized by a solvothermal approach in our previous work. Here, the effects of preparation conditions on the morphology and electrochemical performance of palladium nanostructures were investigated. The explored conditions are as follows: the ratio of reducing agent to capping agent, the concentration of PdCl₂ precursor, the amount of HCl (used for PdCl₂ dissolution), the reaction temperature and time. Only when these conditions are strictly controlled, the obtained Pd material displays a uniformly nanoflower-like morphology, otherwise the Pd samples with nanoparticles or incomplete flowers can only be obtained. Then, the relationship between the morphology of Pd and its electrocatalytic activity was further studied. The results indicate that the Pd with perfect nanoflowers morphology possesses superior activity for formic acid electro-oxidation, while the Pd with incomplete flowers and ordinary (or irregular) particle morphology shows moderate and inferior activity. Therefore, the morphology-dependent electrocatalytic activity has been demonstrated in this work.