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51.
Four sites in the Detroit River/Lake Erie western basin were evaluated for their toxicity. The evaluation was based on 1) bulk chemical characterization of the sediments, 2) chemical composition of the sediment elutriates, and 3) toxicity of the elutriates to ultraplankton and microplankton/net plankton. A sequence of decreasing contamination was determined from the chemical composition of the elutriates based on the elutriation release of metals such as Zn, Mn, Cd, Ni, and Co. Bioassessment of elutriate toxicity was determined by carbon-14 Algal Fractionation Bioassays (AFB's) which were conducted with various dilutions of standard and Chelex-100 treated elutriates. Site A (near Windsor, Ontario) and Site D (western Lake Erie) were found to be toxic to ultraplankton. The observed toxicity was attributed to the bioavailability and synergistic impact of elutriated metals on ultraplankton production. A direct relationship between the water soluble metal fraction and toxicity was observed. These results confirmed that sediment toxicity should not be evaluated solely on bulk chemical composition of the sediments. The AFB's have been proven useful in the bioassessment of sediments due to their rapidity/sensitivity and hence could be routinely used for the screening and early detection of contaminants affecting fast growing organisms which form the basis of the aquatic food chain. 相似文献
52.
从含有机物的金废料中提取纯金的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
物料的经蒸发、燃烧和焙烧除去有机物。焙渣用硝酸浸出可溶性杂质,金富集在渣中。用正水溶解金。金溶液用H2SO4和NaOH进行纯化处理,用亚硫酸钠沉积金。金粉洗至无Cl^-反应后,加稀硝酸煮沸30 ̄60min,得到纯度99.95%以上的海锦金。 相似文献
53.
In this work a treatment for surface preparation to improve mechanical resistance in adhesive bonding of plastic composites reinforced with fibres and metallic material, has been performed using an excimer laser. The following couplings have been selected to reproduce joints commonly used in the aerospace and automotive industry: CFC (carbon fibre composite) with CFC, CFC with Al 2024T3, Al 99% with Al 99%, GFC (glass fibre composite) with zinc-coated sheet in low carbon steel FeP01. The surfaces have been prepared using an excimer laser, adopting several values of laser parameters. The obtained surfaces have been examined by optical and scanning electron microscope: comparative measures of wetting and roughness have been performed to obtain an accurate characterisation and to select the proper finishes suitable to improve the mechanical resistance of the joints. The results obtained show that laser treatment always improves the final resistance of the joint; notable increases, and no significant surface damages have been highlighted. Better results have been obtained with the Al 99% with Al 99% joints which, with a low number of pulses treatment, have shown an increase of mechanical resistance up to the 70%. 相似文献
54.
A new discharge system for resistive self-heating has been constructed for the measurement of accurate thermophysical properties. A constant-current pulse is used to heat metals over a time interval of 50 to 100 s, reaching temperatures up to the boiling point. New techniques have been developed to obtain sound speeds in the pulse-heated sample, emissivities, and vapor pressure. A new pyrometer allows the extension of the measured temperature range down to the melting point of copper. 相似文献
55.
K. Balcerek Cz. Marucha J. Rafałowicz R. Wawryk 《International Journal of Thermophysics》1992,13(6):1085-1096
A universal curve relating the maximum of thermal conductivity and its respective temperature with the residual electrical resistivity has been proposed for metals and dilute alloys. Based on the equation of that curve, a comparative analysis of selected literature data of thermal conductivity of metals, which have residual electrical resistivity in the range 10–11<0<10–5. cm, have been performed. Using the data for 33 metals, confirmation of the Wiedemann-Franz law for the impurity component/T of thermal conductivity was obtained, which means that th/el1, where
th and
el are the parameters of the electron-lattice defect interaction obtained from measurements of thermal and electrical conductivity, respectively. Examples of the failure of the Wiedemann-Franz law are also presented, exhibiting the values of
th/el in the range 0.16 to 25. Measurements of thermal conductivity in the range 2 to 20 K and determination of the residual electrical resistivity for the samples of Cd doped with Zn and quenched were performed, resulting in values
th/el1. 相似文献
56.
介绍了减压蒸馏脱硫,熔炼富集,高温悬浮氯气浸出处理热滤渣的工艺。其综合利用好,元素硫脱除率〉92%,贱金属浸出率〉95%,贵金属回收率〉99%。贵金属富集物可并入贵金属精炼分离工段处理。 相似文献
57.
58.
本文研究了配碳量、粘结相中镍含量和温度对WC-Co-Ni硬质合会热扩散事的影响。结果表明,合金的热扩散率随配碳量、粘结相中谋含量增加而增加,随温度升高而降低. 相似文献
59.
贵金属的化学发光分析 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
介绍化学发光分析的基本原理和测试技术,及其应用于测定贵金属的几种化学发光反应,并展望其前景。 相似文献
60.