迷迭香提取物及其包结物在中式培根中的应用

研究了迷迭香提取物(RE)的化学成分、抗氧化活性及RE与其环糊精钾金属有机骨架包结物(RE-K-CD-MOF)在中式培根中的应用。结果表明:RE的主要成分为迷迭香酸等12种物质;RE具有良好的抗氧化效果,在0.5~1.5 mg/mL浓度范围内,清除DPPH自由基的能力大于BHT小于V_C,在1~5 μg/mL浓度范围内,清除OH自由基的能力大于V_C小于BHT。应用于中式培根腌制过程中脂质氧化实验表明,与对照组相比添加RE及RE-K-CD-MOF各组均具有较低的过氧化值和丙二醛含量;与添加RE各组相比,添加RE-K-CD-MOF各组表现出更好的稳定性和抑制脂质氧化效果。与添加0.3% RE相比,添加0.3% RE-K-CD-MOF时,加工结束时中式培根的过氧化值降低了17.8%,丙二醛含量降低了17.2%。     

稀土与甘氨酸、丝氨酸作用产物的研究

为探讨稀土在皮革染色过程中的作用机理，本文在研究稀土与染料结合的基础上［１］，对稀土与甘氨酸和丝氨酸的作用产物进行了红外光谱分析和差热分析。结果表明，稀土离子与胶原多肽链中的－ＣＯＯＨ、－ＯＨ能够发生结合。     

不同稀土含量的铝合金牺牲阳极的显微组织研究

浇铸了4种不同RE含量的Al-Zn-In-Sn-Mg合金牺牲阳极.利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱分析,确定了4种合金的晶粒尺寸、偏析相数量及其成分.结果表明:随着RE含量的增加,铝合金的晶粒变小,偏析相的数量先增加后减少;偏析相主要为晶界析出物和弥散相;RE含量不同时,晶界析出物不同;细化阳极晶粒最佳RE含量0.5%,0.3%RE时阳极偏析相数量最多.     

Research on the oxidation kinetics curve of 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV steel hot-dipped Al

In this paper, 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV steel that is aerial engine blade materials was hot dipped Al-6%Si-4%RE in order to improve its application temperature. According to GB/T13303 - 91 standard, samples with coating and without coating were oxidated at 700℃ from 5 h to 600 h. Two oxidation kinetics curves were drawn in terms of data of tests. The results showed that oxidation resistance of 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV steel hot-dipped Al-6% Si-4%RE is better than one without coating. From SEM and EMPA, the surface of coating formed dense and uninterrupted α-Al2O3, which is the bars of oxidation resistance. In addition, according to one crossing point of the two curves, it was suggested that hot dipped aluminum steel should be annealed before used.     

Enzymatic esterification of glycerol III. Lipase-catalyzed synthesis of regioisomerically pure 1,3-sn-diacylglycerols and 1 (3)-rac-monoacylglycerols derived from unsaturated fatty acids

Lipases that display high regioselectivities and broad substrate tolerance were used as catalysts for the efficient esterification of glycerol under the conditions of irreversible acyl transfer. A variety of unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic, linoleic, erucic, ricinolic, hydroxystearic and coriolic acid, were used for this purpose in the form of their vinyl esters. Suitable biocatalysts were chosen on the basis of systematic screening experiments regarding their regioselectivities (RE) and substrate tolerances. Distinct differences were found and expressed in numerical RE values as a measure for differences of these biocatalysts as being specific, selective, and nonspecific. Based on these experiments, a variety of molecules were synthesized on a preparative scale (>150 mmol) in good yield (ca.85%) and with high regioisomerical purities (>95% RE).     

喷粉处理改善球化效果的试验研究

探讨了稀土镁球化剂在喷粉处理时的球化效果，进而对喷粉脱硫、球化、孕育综合处理工艺的球化效果进行了试验研究。结果表明：喷粉球化是一种有效的新球化方法，可获得低硫、低氧、石墨圆整而细小的铸态铁素体球墨铸铁。综合喷粉球化工艺可将脱硫剂、球化剂、孕育剂喷入铁水，完成脱硫、球化、孕育过程。获得的球铁在强度较高的同时，其延伸率和冲击值也很大，使铸态生产高韧性球铁成为可能。     

Influence of rare earth (RE=Nd,Y, Pr and Er) doping on the microstructural and optical properties of ceria nanostructures

Nanopowders of Ce_0.9RE_0.1O_1.95 (RE=Nd, Y, Pr and Er) were synthesized by nitrate-fuel combustion method and calcinated at 700 °C for 2 h to obtain completely crystalline structures. The effect of RE dopants on the crystalline nature, lattice parameters, and microstructural parameters such as microstrain, stress, and deformation energy density of ceria was evaluated through uniform deformation model (UDM), uniform deformation stress model (UDSM) and uniform deformation energy density model (UDEDM) by using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) data. The results revealed that the microstructural parameters were considerably altered with respect to the dopants. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) graphs and their corresponding selected area diffraction (SAED) patterns of ceria nanoparticles confirmed that all doped ceria powders are crystalline with the wide range of particle size distributions aligned in all the directions. The optical diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) measurements showed a band at around 340 nm attributed to the transitions of charge-transfer between O 2p and Ce 4f orbitals in cerium oxide and RE doped CeO₂ exhibited the reflectance band in the visible regions due to the transition of 4f energy levels of RE ions. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra of RE doped ceria showed the blue-green emission bands.     

Phase composition and property evolution of (Yb1−xHox)2Si2O7 solid solution as environmental/thermal barrier coating candidates

RE disilicates are good candidates as environmental/thermal barrier coating for SiC_f/SiC composite in harsh gas turbine engines. We designed (Yb_1?xHo_x)₂Si₂O₇ solid solutions and studied mechanical properties, thermal properties, and water vapor resistance. Powders with different compositions were synthesized by pressureless sintering, and bulk samples were prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS). Polymorphic changes with temperature and composition of the solid solutions were examined. Through doping Ho into Yb₂Si₂O₇, water vapor corrosion resistance is significantly promoted, and thermal expansion coefficient is maintained close to that of Si-based ceramics. Compared with host disilicates, thermal conductivity of solid solutions are decreased, and mechanical properties, including Vickers hardness and fracture toughness, are increased. A two-phase domain is found at (Yb_1/2Ho_1/2)₂Si₂O₇, and the γ to δ phase transition of Ho₂Si₂O₇ is observed during SPS. Among all samples, γ-(Yb_1/3Ho_2/3)₂Si₂O₇ possesses superior high temperature stability, and excellent water vapor resistance, indicating its performance as environmental/thermal barrier coating.     

Fe83Ga17Dyx合金组织结构及磁致伸缩性能

研究了Fe83Ga17Dyx(x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6)系列合金的晶体结构、显微组织、磁致伸缩性能。结果表明,稀土Dy添加到Fe83Ga17合金中对合金的晶体结构影响很小,对显微组织影响显著。Fe83Ga17合金中添加稀土Dy后,性能最好的Fe83Ga17Dy0.2合金在5000 Oe外加磁场下,磁致伸缩系数达到300×10-6。     

稀土金属固溶处理对铝阳极组织和性能的影响

在510℃对Al-5Zn-1Mg-0．1Sn-0．015In及添加了RE元素的铝合金进行了固溶处理,在25℃,4mol／L。KOH中测定了它们的基本性能。采用电子探针(EPMA)和能谱分析,考察了主要析出相形貌和成分的变化。结果显示：添加稀土后细化了晶粒;固溶处理使In、Sn、Mg、Zn等活化元素均匀分布,增加了反应活化点,改善了铝合金阳极的性能;RE相及Fe相中活性元素的减少,降低了晶界的活性,减少了晶界腐蚀;但是由于RE相的数量增加,及合金活性的增加,使电极腐蚀速率呈不规则变化。