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21.
白碱沟位于准噶尔盆地东部的克拉美丽山露头区。其石炭系火山岩剖面发育玄武岩、玄武安山岩、安山岩、流纹岩、火山角砾岩等多种岩石类型。白碱沟西沟石炭系剖面代表了巴塔玛依内山组的下部岩性特征,白碱沟东沟石炭系剖面代表了巴塔玛依内山组的中、上部岩性特征。白碱沟剖面总体上自下而上呈玄武岩-安山岩-流纹岩组合,形成基性火山岩-中性火山岩-酸性火山岩序列。这一火山岩序列特征符合岩浆演化规律,与钻井资料相吻合。  相似文献   
22.
本文研究了混凝土、岩石类损伤材料的宏观断裂模型。文中从损伤材料中微裂纹等缺陷的拉裂扩展过程,研究宏观断裂的形成与发展,并由此建立了相应的本构关系和断裂判据。文中对此模型用地质力学模型试验作了验证。最后将其应用于某水电站建基面外移方案可行性研究中。  相似文献   
23.
Rocks集群在生命线工程、大数据和高性能计算处理方面的应用越来越广泛,但是集群应用系统的发布更新存在操作难度大、易发生错误等问题.为了解决这些问题,本文分析了RPM包发布管理工具的实现过程,研究了Roll结构,提出了Roll构建和安装发布技术,简化了集群应用系统的发布流程.实验结果表明,本文的集群软件发布技术是有效的,为Rocks集群应用系统发布提供了高效、稳定、易操作的解决方案.  相似文献   
24.
红山嘴油田石炭系火山岩储集层特征研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
从红山嘴油田岩心资料、物性分析资料、FMI测井资料和钻井测试资料出发,对本区火山岩储层特征进行了深入研究。本区火山岩储层储集空间为裂缝和次生孔隙,裂缝对储层的形成和发育起着决定性作用,孔隙结构组合为单一裂缝及裂缝和次生孔隙组合的双重孔隙结构,孔隙度和渗透率相关性差且受成岩压实作用影响小,储层物性总体较差,表现为"低孔特低渗透"。该结论对红山嘴油田难采储量的落实、井网部署和开发方案编制提了依据。  相似文献   
25.
Scour of rock may occur downstream of dam spillways, as a result of the impact of high-velocity jets. The phenomenon is traditionally assessed by means of (semi-) empirical methods. These partially neglect basic physical processes responsible for rock mass breakup. Therefore, a model to evaluate the ultimate depth and time evolution of scour in jointed rock is presented. The model is based on near-prototype scaled experimental investigations of transient water pressures in artificially created rock joints and on a numerical modeling of the measured pressures. It describes two different ways of rock mass destruction, i.e., failure by instantaneous or progressive breakup of closed-end rock joints, and failure by dynamic ejection of single rock blocks. The corresponding computational methods are easily applicable to practice, without neglecting relevant physics. The basic principles are outlined and applied to the well-known scour hole at Cabora-Bassa Dam.  相似文献   
26.
Stress-release damage in rocks may result in a permanent alteration of the rock properties, which has to be quantified and modeled in order to describe the in situ behavior of the rock based on tests from core specimens. A dual yield surface elastoplastic model is introduced to describe stress-release damage in a synthetic sandstone manufactured as an analogue to a reservoir sandstone. The synthetic sandstone, composed of sand and quartz cement, is cemented under in situ stress conditions. This process allows the quantification of damage during a stress-release that simulates the coring process. In the model, one yield surface describes the behavior of the sand matrix and the other the behavior of the cement, while the total stresses are given as in mixtures theories. The model is calibrated on synthetic sandstone test results and used for back analysis of the experiments.  相似文献   
27.
A large number of substrates potential for removal of phosphorus (P) in wastewater has been reviewed. The substrates consist of natural materials, industrial by-products and man-made products. Most substrates have been investigated in batch and column studies in the laboratory; others have also been tested in field trials. The results from these investigations vary, but a few substrates, e.g. wollastonite, slag material and, to some extent, light weight aggregate products, have demonstrated promising properties with regard to P-sorption capacity and hydraulics. The problems of normalisation of data are discussed, as well as the substrates potential benefits for on-site wastewater treatment.  相似文献   
28.
This paper presents results from four series of triaxial compression tests of loosely compacted decomposed granite (DG) or silty sand on both isotropically and anisotropically consolidated specimens. These tests included undrained tests, drained tests with constant deviator stress, and a decreasing mean effective stress path. The silty sand possessed high compressibility during isotropic compression. The observed high compressibility is probably attributed to the loose soil structure created by using the moist tamping method and the presence of crushable feldspar in the soil. Static liquefaction behavior and the so-called “reversed” sand behavior were observed in all undrained tests. This “reversed” sand behavior can be readily explained by the high compressibility of DG leading to the nonparallel and converging nature of the initial state line and the critical state line. Preshearing resulted in a more brittle response in the postpeak behavior. The higher the initial stress ratio (ηc), the smaller the ductility. Structural collapse of DG was observed. This collapse is characterized by a sudden large increase in both the axial and contractive volumetric strains. The mobilized angles of friction at collapse range from 31.8° to 38.7°, which are smaller than the critical state angle (?col′), but higher than the mobilized friction angle of the instability line (28.1°) determined by the isotropically consolidated undrained tests. A trilinear approximate relationship can be found between ?col′ and ηc and a liquefaction potential index is introduced to provide a simple preliminary design parameter for static liquefaction and instability prone slopes.  相似文献   
29.
The Prototype Repository project represents a full-scale in situ test of the Swedish concept for high level radioactive waste disposal in deep geological repositories, being conducted at the underground ?sp? Hard Rock Laboratory and managed by SKB (Swedish Agency for Radioactive Waste Disposal). Instead of canisters with radioactive material, heaters installed in cylindrical containers surrounded by compacted bentonite have been used in the test. A large number of thermohydromechanical parameters for materials used in the test were carefully determined based on the latest laboratory experiments and site investigation. After comparison among six simulation models, some valuable conclusions are made about the interaction effects of six deposition holes and the effects of thermohydrogas–mechanical coupling. A three-dimensional coupled thermohydraulic model was selected for the prediction of temperature, whereas an axisymmetric two-dimensional coupled thermohydromechanical model was selected for the prediction of relative humidity and stresses for the system of heater–bentonite–near rock. Selected results of temperature, relative humidity, and total stress are presented and discussed, and the agreement between the compared variables highlights the ability of the developed models to reproduce the complex coupled processes involved in the test.  相似文献   
30.
The development of a localized damage zone or shear band in rock was studied through numerical and physical experiments. A laboratory biaxial (plane strain) compression test was conducted on a prismatic specimen of Berea sandstone. The shear band initiation and propagation were monitored by locations of acoustic emission and examination of thin sections of the failed specimen. Numerical analysis using a discrete element model was conducted to simulate the laboratory results. The model was able to capture many details of the damage zone observed in the physical experiment.  相似文献   
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