带钩波形板分离器分离性能试验研究

对带钩波形板分离器的分离效率性能和阻力特性进行了试验研究.结果表明:风速、含湿率对分离效率的影响大,分离器分离效率随风速升高而降低,随含湿率增加而增大;含水量对分离器阻力的影响很小,分离器阻力随风速的增加而增大.研究结果为高效空冷除湿器设计提供了理论依据.     

Rotordynamic forces generated by discharge-to-suction leakage flows in centrifugal pumps

In order to investigate the flow-induced vibration in the shroud passage of centrifugal pump and predict rotordynamic forces of centrifugal pump rotor system,an analysis of rotordynamic forces arising from shrouded centrifugal pump is presented. CFD techniques were utilized to analyze the full three-dimensional viscous,primary/secondary flow field in a centrifugal pump impeller to determine rotordynamic forces. Multiple quasi-steady solutions of an eccentric three-dimensional model at different whirl frequency ratios yielded the rotordynamic forces. The skew-symmetric stiffness,damping,and mass matrices were obtained by second-order least-squares analysis. Simulation of the coupled primary/secondary flow field was conducted,and the complex flow characteristics in the flow field of a shroud passage were achieved including the mean velocity and pressure,as well as the eddy in a large scale of flow field due to viscosity. The rotordynamic force coefficients were calculated,and the results were in good agreement with those of experiment except for the direct inertial coefficient without the consideration of whirling forces from the impeller primary flow passage.     

φ-混合随机变量序列加权和的完全收敛性

讨论了同分布下的φ-混合随机变量序列的完全收敛性,构建了1个定理和1个推论,它改进了前人的一些研究成果,获得了更一般的结论．     

混合溶剂法脱除软沥青的喹啉不溶物

煤沥青中含有较多的喹啉不溶物会影响炭材料的性能。以软沥青为原料,采用混合溶剂离心法对其进行脱除喹啉不溶物试验研究。考察了芳烷比、溶剂比、离心时间、离心温度对精制沥青的喹啉不溶物含量和收率的影响。结果表明：当芳烷比一定时,精制沥青喹啉不溶物含量和收率随溶剂比的增大而减小;当溶剂比一定时,精制沥青喹啉不溶物含量和收率均随芳烷比的增大而增加;离心时间越长,所得精制沥青喹啉不溶物含量越低,收率也越低;离心温度升高,有利于喹啉不溶物脱除,离心温度的较优选择为80℃。通过调整混合溶剂的比例,可以方便地控制净化过程的收率和喹啉不溶物含量。     

基于有限体积法的G4-73型离心风机三维流场数值模拟

基于有限体积法,利用Fluent软件对G4-73型离心风机内部流场进行了全三维数值模拟。结果表明:蜗壳内的低能流体区沿轴向朝流动方向推进;叶轮内的静压和动压在叶片吸力面靠近叶轮进口处最低,叶轮流道中动压等值线呈"凸"型分布,在叶片压力面靠近叶轮出口处静压和动压达到最大值,且叶轮出口相对总压损失集中在吸力面和前盘侧。     

Fabrication of a gradient refractive index preform using laminar shear mixing

A gradient refractive index rod was successfully prepared by a new fabrication method using laminar shear mixing, and a graded index polymer optical fiber that satisfied IEEE1394b was obtained from the method. To fabricate the gradient refractive index rod, a liquid monomer mixture with a relatively low refractive index was placed in a prepared cylindrical glass reactor and a transparent polymer rod with a higher refractive index was introduced at the center of the reactor. The reactor and the polymer rod were then rotated concurrently with a small rotating speed difference to generate a Couette flow in the liquid phase. The centrifugal force generated by rotation and the polymer diffusion into the liquid monomer mixture developed a graded concentration profile in a radial direction. The Couette flow could reduce the concentration fluctuation in a tangential direction. In addition, the graded index profile could be controlled by the copolymer composition of the rod and its diameter. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 1100–1104, 2005     

堰塞体溃决离心模型试验供水系统关键技术研究

堰塞体溃决洪水洪峰流量及洪水时程曲线特征的预测是堰塞湖应急抢险及下游风险控制方案制订的重要依据。堰塞体溃决的离心模型试验,在研究堰塞体溃决机理、溃决过程及溃决洪水的历时曲线特征方面独具优势,但离心模型试验供水系统的设计,涉及到从外部静止状态到高速旋转状态的模型中连续供水,同时还要保证堰塞体溃决过程中上游水位为设定的常水头,是堰塞体溃决离心模型试验中的关键性的一大难题。本文围绕以上难题,设计了一种环形水箱以解决从静态到动态模型的连续供水问题,通过理论分析,确定了环形水箱中可提前注入的最大水量。另外在试验箱设置了竖井式溢流口,可以排出高出设定常水头的水体,保证了上游水位的稳定。通过以上设计有效地解决了供水系统中的关键难题,并在后续堰塞体溃决离心模型试验中得到了验证。     

渗漏对武汉地区长江一级阶地地连墙结构基坑影响的离心模型试验研究

武汉地区长江一级阶地是典型的二元结构地层,承压水与长江和汉江贯通,地下水位的变化极易对该区域的基坑工程造成危害,尤其是当基坑地连墙存在渗漏点时。假设承压水位上升导致渗漏点出现渗水或流砂,渗漏点逐渐增大甚至会威胁地连墙稳定,或导致墙外地表下沉。以武汉地区某临江基坑为原型,采用离心模型试验,针对地下水位升高引起地连墙薄弱点出现渗透的问题,研究基坑的变形和稳定性。试验结果表明,当基坑地连墙上部预设薄弱点且承压水位超过地连墙薄弱点时出现渗漏破坏,造成的地连墙外侧地基沉降明显增大,且影响范围大,这与基坑开挖引起的变形规律显著不同。研究成果为武汉地区长江一级阶地受承压水位影响的基坑工程设计和施工提供参考。     

水气分离集成井降水强夯法试验研究

为了克服降水强夯法处理深度小、降水时间长的缺陷,结合扬中灏港通用码头软土地基处理工程,改进了传统降水强夯工艺,采用水气分离集成井降水联合强夯法进行加固处理。通过在常规真空井点降水强夯和改进降水强夯两个试验区开展现场监测和检测试验,对加固效果进行了对比评价分析,研究结果表明:水气分离集成井降水强夯工艺降水深度可达地表以下5~6 m,夯后孔压消散时间约为1~2天;地基加固后总地表施工期最大沉降量为0.606 m,可有效减小工后沉降;与常规井点降水强夯法相比,改进法加固后土体强度和地基承载力均有较大提高,地基加固效果优势明显。     

遗传算法在离心泵叶轮设计中的应用

基于对旋转机械叶片参数化描述、叶栅流道网格参数化生成、流场数值模拟方法以及寻优算法的全局搜索性能四方面的研究,利用Blade Gen旋转机械叶片专业设计软件,对离心泵叶轮的叶型骨线、子午流面进行了参数化描述,并在Blade Gen中生成离心泵叶轮模型.利用Turbo Grid的高质量旋转机械六面体网格生成算法,对离心泵叶轮叶栅流道的网格进行拓扑计算及参数化控制,增大了后续流场分析的稳定性以及收敛速度.利用CFX的session文件,实现对CFX的后台参数化调用,建立了CFX环境下的完全自动化仿真分析过程.以Matlab为主控程序的方式,高效地整合了Blade Gen、Turbo Grid、CFX软件,建立了可扩展性好、鲁棒性强的离心泵叶片优化系统.