AlSi7Mg合金熔体等温处理中组织形态的演变

研究了AlSi7Mg合金在液相线附近不同的温度下保温时，其凝固组织形态的演变规律。在600—650℃之间不同的温度下对AlSi7Mg合金保温30min处理，研究了合金中初生α相的形态随温度改变而演变的过程。试验结果表明：在605—650℃之间保温时，随着保温温度的降低，初生α相逐渐由发达的树枝晶向蔷薇状枝晶和粒状晶转变；在605℃保温30min，可得到尺寸较小、分布均匀的粒状初生α相，在605℃以下保温时，初生α相又开始向蔷薇状形态演变。另外，在605℃下对AlSi7Mg合金进行不同时间的保温处理，结果显示：随着保温时间由10min延长到60min，初生α相的形态经历了由不规则的枝晶到均匀的粒状等轴晶再到蔷薇状组织的转变过程。     

用X-射线衍法研究Sm2Zr2O7形成机制

采用XRD技术研究了固相反应制备Sm2Zr2O7的形成机制.结果表明:从1000℃开始,Sm3+逐渐取代Zr4+的位置,形成萤石结构ZrO2-Sm2O3固溶体,该过程直到1400 ℃才基本结束:在1200 ℃～1300 ℃之间,Sm2O3与ZrO2发生固溶的同时,固溶体开始转变为焦绿石结构的Sm2Zr2O7,到1500 ℃所有固溶体完全转变为Sm2Zr2O7:1500 ℃以后,Sm2Zr2O7晶体逐渐长大并最终形成理想的Sm2Zr2O7晶体.整个过程并无其它中间相生成.     

Influence of Tempering Temperature on Cyclic Viscoplastic Behaviour of 55NiCrMoV7 Steel

Low cycle fatigue behaviour of a steel 55NiCrMoV7 under tour tempered conditions is reported. One special type of total swain controlled isothermal cyclic deformation tests were performed in the temperature range 20℃ to 600℃ for the steel tempered 2h at 350℃, 460℃, 560℃ and 600℃. The influence of temperature on cyclic behaviour was investigated. Generally, the cyclic stress response shows an initial exponential softening for the first few cycles, followed by a gradual softening without cyclic softening saturatioo. At 10^-2 strain rate, σmax.Δσ／2 decrease with the test tumperature for all hardness levels. They decrease linearly with tempering temperature when testing temperature is lower than that of tempering, but rest nearly constant when test temperature is equal to or exceed tempering temperature of steel. Cyclic softening intensity increases with testing temperature from 300℃ to 600℃, but the maximal softening intensity occurs at room tumpemture. The strain rate influences notably the cyclic behavioor when T≥50℃, The time dependence of cyclic behaviour is closely related to test temperature and the tempering history of the steel.     

二元合金等轴枝晶生长相场模拟

在传统纯物质相场模型的基础上，对其中的体系自由能进行重新构造，得到一个紧密联系相图且综合考虑了传热、溶质扩散、界面能各向异性和界面动力学各向异性等适用于二元合金枝晶生长的新相场模型，并利用该模型结合一种能显著提高计算效率的“临界面点相场大梯度计算域控制法”，对AJ-7Si合金在初始过冷度分别为35K和50K的过冷熔体中等轴枝晶生长进行了模拟，得到许多与试验观察相符合的结果；同时在枝晶生长过程中跟踪枝晶主轴尖端，获得其尖端半径和尖端速率，发现随着凝固时间的增加，逐渐收敛，直到枝晶达到稳定生长，而且通过简化KGT模型计算的枝晶尖端的生长速率与模拟值相近。另外，就过冷度对等轴枝晶生长的影响进行了分析。     

固溶后预析出对7A55铝合金力学及腐蚀性能的影响

采用硬度测试、电导率测试及透射电镜观察，研究固溶后降温至440℃预析出处理时间对7A55铝合金板材力学和腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明：随预析出处理时间的延长，基体析出相逐渐增多且长大，导致合金时效后硬度和强度先提高而后降低；晶界析出相逐渐长大，晶界无沉淀析出带宽化，晶界相不连续性先提高而后降低，导致合金抗晶问腐蚀和剥落腐蚀性能也先升高而后降低。     

LD7铝合金阳极氧化膜的不同封闭方法耐蚀性评价

研究了不同封闭方法对LD7铝合金阳极氧化膜在NaCl溶液中耐蚀性的影响,包括沸水封闭、氟化镍封闭、重铬酸钾封闭和醋酸镍封闭.利用动电位极化和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）研究了封闭后阳极氧化膜的腐蚀行为.利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察了封闭后阳极氧化膜的表面形貌.结果表明在酸性溶液和碱性溶液中醋酸镍封闭能提供更高的耐蚀性,而沸水封闭在中性溶液中较耐蚀.工业生产中普遍采用的重铬酸钾封闭对LD7铝合金阳极氧化膜封闭效果并不理想,封闭后的阳极氧化膜在不同pH值的溶液中耐蚀性均不高,氟化镍封闭的阳极氧化膜层耐酸性不强.     

Crystallization and microstructure evolution of amorphous Al85Y4Nd4Ni7 alloy

The mixture model of Al85Y4Nd4Ni7 alloy in which a partially crystallized amorphous alloy is regarded as a nanocomposite of an Al nanoparticle and a remaining amorphous matrix is presented. Its evolution in the process of crystallization has been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Mainly amorphous structure with α-Al nanocrystals embedded in the amorphous matrix has been revealed by melt spining the alloy. Crystallization is showed to occur in three stages: (I) crystallization of amorphous alloy and formation of A1NiY, A1NdNi and unknown crystalline phases, (2) formation of Al3Y and Al3Nd, and (3) formation of Al3Ni.     

Effect of nitrogen on corrosion behavior of 28Cr-7Ni duplex and microduplex stainless steels in air-saturated 3.5 wt% NaCl solution

The corrosion behavior of 28Cr-7Ni-O-0.34N duplex stainless steels in air-saturated 3.5-wt% NaCl solution at pH 2, 7, 10 and 27 °C was studied by the potentiodynamic method. Two types of microstructures were investigated: the as-forged duplex and microduplex (average austenite grain size 5-16 μm) structures. The austenite volume fractions of the tested steels were between 0.35 and 0.64. The nitrogen effect on corrosion behaviors of both duplex and microduplex stainless steels were the same. At pH 2, the corrosion potential increased when the nitrogen content increased, however, corrosion current density as well as corrosion rate decreased. At pH 7 and 10, the effect of nitrogen on corrosion potential and corrosion rate could not be observed. Corrosion potential at pH 10 was lower than at pH 7. Pitting potential increased when the nitrogen content in the tested steels increased at all tested pH. For the nitrogen effect on the passive current density, it seemed that only at pH 2, the average passive current densities reduced when the nitrogen content increased. Nitrogen may have participated in the passive film or has been involved in the reaction to build up passive film. The ammonium formation and nitrogen enrichment at the interface metal/passive film with adsorption mechanism were discussed. The dissolute nitrogen might have combined with the hydrogen ions in solution to form ammonium ions, resulting in increasing solution pH. The steel could then easily repassivate, hence the corrosion potential and pitting potential would increase. However, the ammonium formation mechanism could not explain the decrease of corrosion potential in basic solution. Nitrogen enrichment at the metal/passive film interface with adsorption mechanism seemed to be an applicable consideration in increasing pitting potential. However, this mechanism did not involve the ammonium ion formation. In general, for the duplex and microduplex stainless steels tested, nitrogen increased the general corrosion resistances in acid solution and pitting corrosion resistance at all solution pH. Metallographic observation in both tested duplex and microduplex steels after pitting corrosion at all tested pH revealed that, the corroded structure in the tested steels without nitrogen alloying was austenite, but those with nitrogen alloying was ferrite. Even though ferrite had a higher chromium content than austenite but higher dissolved nitrogen in austenite than in ferrite may have increased the pitting resistance equivalent number (PRE) of austenite to be higher than that of ferrite.     

PDM平台下基于STEP标准的CAD/CAPP集成技术

STEP(Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data)标准是国际化标准组织制定的产品数据表达与交换的标准，本文介绍了在通过STEP标准来实现CAD／CAPP系统集成的技术，并给出了基于PDM的集成方案。     

CAPP中零件信息的输入及工序图的自动生成方法的研究

零件信息的描述与输入一直是CAPP(computer—Aided Process Planning计算机辅助工艺设计，简称CAPP)系统的难点，研究现阶段对零件信息的输入的一些方法对CAPP的发展有很重要的意义。本文探讨了在几种常见的图形接口标准的基础上，如何实现从零件图纸中输入零件信息，然后经过CAPP系统处理，自动生成工序图。