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51.
Systems of Pd supported on various La2O3-modified -Al2O3 and CeO2–Al2O3 catalysts were tested for catalytic methanol decomposition and characterized by means of XRD, BET, TPR, H2-chemisorption and CO–FTIR. The addition of lanthanum significantly improved the selectivity of CO and H2 for all the catalysts but showed a different influence on the catalytic activity in two systems. Methanol conversion decreased on La2O3-modified Pd/-Al2O3 catalysts, in line with the reduction of Pd dispersion, while the addition of La2O3 improved the dispersion of Pd and reinforced Pd–CeO2 interaction for La2O3-modified Pd/CeO2–Al2O3 catalysts, which resulted in a high production rate of CO and H2. Thus, a synergistic effect between CeO2 and La2O3 was observed on -Al2O3-supported Pd catalyst for methanol decomposition. 相似文献
52.
付春 《精细与专用化学品》2007,15(7):13-14
6,7-二氢-5H-环戊烷并[b]吡啶主要用于药物、杀菌剂和抗菌剂的研究,也被广泛应用于制备植物保护剂和合成树脂、防老剂以及塑料制品等。目前因其被作为第四代抗生素头孢匹罗的侧链而成为研究者竞相开发的热点。6,7-二氢-5H-环戊烷并[b]吡啶有实用价值的合成方法主要有N-羟基邻苯二甲酰胺法、丙烯醛法和己二酸二乙酯法。丙烯醛法中6,7-二氢-5H-环戊烷并[b]吡啶的收率为87.4%,具有较好的开发前景。 相似文献
53.
A molecular level mechanism is proposed for the highly selective 14-e– oxidative transformation ofn-butane to maleic anhydride on the surface of vanadyl pyrophosphate. The mechanism suggests that the dimeric active sites assume at any given time, one of four possible interconvertible states which differ from each other in the number of available oxygen atoms and the formal oxidation states of the individual vanadium atoms. The relative ratios of active sites in each of the four possible states are dictated by the reaction conditions, the redox properties of the reacting gases and the structure of the vanadyl pyrophosphate active surface. A crucial feature of the mechanism is a pseudo-ozonide surface species formed by the interaction of a chemisorbed dioxygen molecule and an adjacent metal-oxo group. This unusual species is responsible for the initial activation of then-butane, which occurs when the chemisorbed dioxygen abstracts an H-atom from the alkane and the adjacent metal-oxo group reacts with the incipient alkyl radical to form an alkoxy group. The proposed mechanism is entirely consistent with literature reports describing the behaviour of (VO)2P2O7 in flow, pulse and TAP reactors. 相似文献
54.
A number of targeted cytotoxic agents have been developed that selectively kill malignant or otherwise pathological cells. These engineered proteins consist of a potent cytotoxic element connected to a ligand domain that binds to specific molecules on the surface of the target cell. Several of these agents have shown promise in clinical trials and one is currently administered to patients. A significant technical obstacle that has impeded the development of some of these toxins is the difficulty of preparing certain recombinant proteins in properly folded forms. These fusion proteins have generally been produced in bacteria requiring them to be denatured and renatured in vitro. For some proteins this is an efficient process whereas for others it is not. We describe here a system to produce fusion toxins rapidly and efficiently by engineering mammalian cells to secrete them as properly folded molecules which can be purified in native form from cell culture medium. We have used this system to produce highly active preparations of DAB(389)-IL7, a molecule consisting of the catalytic and transmembrane domains of diphtheria toxin fused to interleukin 7. This system is generalizable and can be used to produce and evaluate rapidly fusion toxins incorporating novel or uncharacterized ligands. 相似文献
55.
This paper describes the application of SwRI’s cold-start PO
x
catalyst technology to reduce cold-start hydrocarbon emissions from a US Tier 2 vehicle at −7 °C. A reduction in −7 °C (20
°F) cold-start hydrocarbons will help US Tier 2 vehicles meet the proposed EPA NMOG standards. Improvements in cold temperature
hydrocarbon emissions would also be beneficial in many parts of Europe during the winter months. In this work, a total hydrocarbon
reduction of 19% was realized at 24 °C, in line with previous results, but only up to 3% at −7 °C. Insufficient oxygen in
the engine-out exhaust gas at −7 °C was determined to be the reason why the PO
x
catalyst failed to significantly reduce HC emissions. Addition of supplemental oxygen to the exhaust during the cold-start,
to simulate an adjustment in the engine calibration to less rich operation, resulted in a total hydrocarbon reduction of 18%
with the PO
x
catalysts in place, but no benefit when the PO
x
catalysts were removed. Hence, the PO
x
catalyst approach can be used to good effect, even under sub-ambient cold-start conditions. 相似文献
56.
Flaky monoclinic La2Ti2O7 was prepared via a hydrothermal method based on the reaction of Ti(SO4)2 and La(NO3)3. Relative to the solid-state reaction sample, the flaky La2Ti2O7 showed higher surface areas, much smaller crystal size and more efficient light absorption. All these factors led to the
higher photoactivity to produce H2 from water splitting under UV irradiation. 相似文献
57.
Salvia leucophylla, a shrub observed in coastal south California, produces several volatile monoterpenoids (camphor, 1,8-cineole, -pinene, -pinene, and camphene) that potentially act as allelochemicals. The effects of these were examined using Brassica campestris as the test plant. Camphor, 1,8-cineole, and -pinene inhibited germination of B. campestris seeds at high concentrations, whereas -pinene and camphene did not. Root growth was inhibited by all five monoterpenoids in a dose-dependent manner, but hypocotyl growth was largely unaffected. The monoterpenoids did not alter the sizes of matured cells in either hypocotyls or roots, indicating that cell expansion is relatively insensitive to these compounds. They did not decrease the mitotic index in the shoot apical region, but specifically lowered mitotic index in the root apical meristem. Moreover, morphological and biochemical analyses on the incorporation of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine into DNA demonstrated that the monoterpenoids inhibit both cell-nuclear and organelle DNA synthesis in the root apical meristem. These results suggest that the monoterpenoids produced by S. leucophylla could interfere with the growth of other plants in its vicinity through inhibition of cell proliferation in the root apical meristem. 相似文献
58.
The high-resolution structure of several specific DNA-bindingproteins have been determined, and they display a common structuralmotif which mediates their binding to DNA. This motif consistsof two -helices connected by a sharp turn, and its amino acidsequence has several distinguishing features. A computer searchof the proteins coded by the genome of bacteriophage T7 hasbeen performed in an attempt to identify those proteins thatpotentially contain this motif. Eight proteins were found tohave regions similar to that of the motif. Of these, three arerelatively small, have no known function and are good candidatesfor being DNA-binding regulatory proteins. The methods describeduse commonly available computer programs and databases, andare therefore easy to implement. 相似文献
59.
60.
B. E. Hibbard G. N. Lanier S. C. Parks Y. T. Qi F. X. Webster R. M. Silverstein 《Journal of chemical ecology》1991,17(1):89-102
Matsunone, (2E,4E)-4.6,10,12-tetramethyl-2,4-tridecadien-7-one, is the primary sex pheromone ofMatsucoccus resinosae, M. thunbergianae, andM. matsumurae. The synthetic compound was tested in the laboratory and in field tests with all three species, and significantly more males responded to synthetic matsuone than to controls. The attraction of synthetic matsuone to males in field tests was not significantly different from that of virgin females at the same matsuone release rate. An analog of matsuone previously shown to be biologically active was also tested in the laboratory withM. resinosae andM. thunbergianae, and field tested withM. resinosae. The active analog required a dose approximately 100 times greater than matsuone to yield maximum laboratory bioassay response, and in field tests, attraction was not significantly different from controls at doses at which matsuone was significantly attractive.Homoptera: Coccoidea: Margarodidae.Deceased. 相似文献