地电场作用下矿层中气体渗流特性的实验研究

针对地球物理场中地电场对原地浸出过程中气体渗流特性的影响,在实验室采用三轴渗流实验装置和电场实施装置,研究了外加电场作用下矿层中气体的渗流特性。实验结果表明:地电场对矿体中气体渗流特性的影响非常明显;加正向电场后,气体渗流速度比无电场时要大,反向电场作用下,气体渗流速度比无电场时要小,并且渗流速度随气体压力梯度增大成线性增加,矿层中气体渗流量随电场强度升高成线性增大;渗透性越好的矿层,地电场作用下气体的地电场电动效应越明显;地电场作用时,矿层的等效渗透系数可表达成ke=k(1 βE)。     

尾矿库渗流场计算的改进有限元法

在传统的变动网格法基础上,提出了尾矿库渗流场的改进有限元分析方法。该方法与变动网格法的区别在于,具体计算时将整个坝体作为渗流区域,不需要首先假定自由液面,只需要假定逸出点的高程;网格划分可对整个坝体进行,只是在渗流逸出点附近要细化网格尺寸;在迭代过程中不用考虑渗流区域内的网格调整,只需对逸出点附近的网格进行局部修正。计算结束后得到的渗流场孔隙水压力为零的各点的连线即为浸润线。工程实例进一步验证了该方法的正确性。     

Unsaturated Soil Seepage Analysis Using a Rational Transformation Method with Under-Relaxation

The finite-element method provides a convenient and effective means for solving problems of seepage in unsaturated soils. However, convergence difficulties exist in numerical simulations of unsaturated flow analyses because of the high nonlinearity of the soil hydraulic properties. This technical note presents a combination approach consisting of a rational function transformation method and a common under-relaxation technique to solve the h-based form of Richards equation. Numerical studies show that this combined method can use a larger time step and corresponding oscillation-free mesh size to produce acceptable results and also converge to a stable solution quickly in each time step.     

矿渣砖防渗渠道的试验运用及观测分析

矿渣砖具有强度大、抗冻融性强、生产工艺简单、价格低、与水泥粘接性强的特点，是渠道防渗及各类水工建筑中可广泛应用的新型建筑材料。本文介绍了矿渣砖防渗渠道的试验运用及观测分析情况。     

Remedial measures to control seepage problems in the Kafrein dam, Jordan

The Kafrein dam, 480 m long and 30 m high, is located on the Wadi Kafrein, a few kilometres from the active Jordan Valley fault. The Jordan Valley Authority proposed raising the crest of the existing dam by approximately 7 m and extending the length of the embankment to 554 m, in order to increase its storage capacity by 6 million m³ to a total of 8.5 million m³. The paper discusses the likelihood that existing seepage problems will be exacerbated when the dam is raised and proposes some remedial actions to increase the safety of the dam and minimise both the amount of seepage and any adverse effects. Electronic Publication     

高压蒸汽透平的油路系统防火

分析了蒸汽透平油路系统着火的原因 ,列举了其存在的缺陷 ,提出了具体的防火技术措施     

Failure of a geomembrane lined embankment dam – Case study

The right wing embankment of the headrace channel of a hydropower plant, failed adjacent to the concrete intake structure. The failure also caused damages of the penstocks and flooding of the powerhouse.     

武山铜矿地下溶浸渗流数值模拟

根据达西定律 ,建立了风化矿体渗流的数值模型 ,并采用有限元方法求解。 1 8个矿体渗流计算模型分别考虑了不同注入形式、注入压力、矿岩渗透性、贮水系数对浸出的影响。通过计算分析 ,确定了原地浸出的钻孔布置参数、布液强度、作业制度及可能的渗漏情况。     

Seepage behavior of soil mixed with randomly distributed recycled plastic materials

Seepage through embankment fill materials is crucial issue in the construction of embankments for irrigation and drainage projects. Proper ground improvement methods should be used to improve the strength and stability characteristics of soil used as fill material. Utilization of waste plastic materials to enhance the engineering properties of soil is a sustainable approach. Additionally, the use of raw products directly from plastic recycling units in the form of flakes and pellets as soil additives has the potential to further enhance the economic benefits of this method. This study randomly mixed plastic materials with soil for use in the construction of earth embankments, such as river levees, dykes, and canal diversion structures, and evaluated the effectiveness of these materials in reducing seepage failures in hydraulic structures. To achieve these goals, this study collected high-density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic from plastic recycling units and used soil mixed with HDPE plastic in the form of flakes and pellets in different contents as embankment fill materials, then evaluated how these materials affected the piping features. Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the seepage velocity and critical hydraulic gradient of soil mixed with plastics in various contents and to compare the values with those of plain soil. The results showed that random distribution of waste plastics in the form of flakes and pellets in soil is an effective method for improving the piping resistance of soil.     

Application of seismic tomography for detecting potential seepage paths in Bakhtyari Dam, Iran

Bakhtyari Dam and Hydropower Plant Project is one of the largest hydroelectric projects in Iran. This dam is located in Lorestan, in southern Iran, on the Bakhtyari river, which is a headstream of the Dez River. Previous gallery surveying showed that some open joints were present in the abutments. These joints may act as a good conduit for seepage. Five galleries were used to carry out seismic tomography in the right and left abutments (GR1, GR2 and GR3, GL2–GL3, totally 765 m). The objective of the tomography was to detect these weak zones susceptible for seepage. Velocity images obtained by P-wave travel time tomography indicated that in the level of GR2 gallery upward there is a large zone of low velocity. But the rock mass quality seems better in the left abutment. In spite of unfavorable condition in R₂₃ block (GR2–GR3), the P-wave velocity between GR2 and GR1 galleries is in the range of undisturbed limestone. Despite the presence of these weak zones, the placement of the dam is where the rock mass quality is good, and the design of the grout curtain could help to bypass the reservoir water away from these seepage paths.