The effect of cobalt and nickel on transformation in TiRh

The transformations in TiRh and the effect of replacement of rhodium in TiRh by cobalt and nickel have been studied. TiRh undergoes two structural transformations which are of first order, exhibit thermoelastic properties and persist in the Ti---Rh---Co and Ti---Rh---Ni ternary alloys. Stabilization of the high temperature phase of TiRh of B2 type crystal structure down to room temperature can be achieved by substitution of cobalt at about 15 at.% and of nickel at about 20 at%. The TiCo---TiRh and TiNi---TiRh sections of the corresponding ternary systems are found to be quasi-binary.     

A Systematic Approach to Metamodeling Environments and Model Transformation Systems in VMTS

Highly configurable metamodeling environments and graph transformation techniques have been applied successfully in software system modeling and other areas. In this paper a uniform treatment of these two methods is illustrated by a tool called Visual Modeling and Transformation System. The concepts of an n-layer metamodeling environment is outlined with the related topological and attribute issues. Built on metamodeling techniques two alternatives for model transformation are elaborated, namely, the traversal and the graph-rewriting approaches. In our implementation all of the aforementioned mechanisms use metamodel as a common formalism, which can be considered as a uniform basis for storing, creating and transforming visual languages. The feasibility of the approach is illustrated by a transformation which generates C/C++ code from UML statecharts.     

Reusable Idioms and Patterns in Graph Transformation Languages

Software engineering tools based on Graph Transformation techniques are becoming available, but their practical applicability is somewhat reduced by the lack of idioms and design patterns. Idioms and design patterns provide prototypical solutions for recurring design problems in software engineering, but their use can be easily extended into software development using graph transformation systems. In this paper we briefly present a simple graph transformation language: GReAT, and show how typical design problems that arise in the context of model transformations can be solved using its constructs. These solutions are similar to software design patterns, and intend to serve as the starting point for a more complete collection.     

The Amsterdam Toolkit for Language Archaeology

GRK — the Grammar Recovery Kit — illustrates options for automation and corresponding tool support in the context of developing quality language references that readily cater for the derivation of parsers.GRK provides the proof-of-concept for two notions: (i) semi-automatic grammar recovery; (ii) language-reference re-engineering. GRK's support for semi-automatic grammar recovery means that GRK can be used to obtain a relatively correct and complete as well as implementable grammar from a language reference. GRK's support for language-reference re-engineering means that GRK can be used to update the original language reference such that it reflects the completed and corrected grammar knowledge.As of today, GRK is particularly fit for Cobol archaeology, more specifically for IBM's VS Cobol II. That is, GRK offers a fully mechanised process, where IBM's reference is used as an input, and the output is a transformed language reference whose grammar portions are correct and complete. (The recovery required several hundreds of simple transformation steps in order to deliver a grammar that is fit for parser derivation.) As a byproduct, GRK also generates a slow, Prolog-based parser. Via export to GRK's sibling, GDK (the Grammar Deployment Kit), a reasonably fast, btyacc-based parser can be generated as well. Both parsers accept all of the VS Cobol II code that is at our avail (several millions of lines of code).     

Modeling and Verifying Graph Transformations in Proof Assistants

This paper takes first steps towards a formalization of graph transformations in a general setting of interactive theorem provers, which will form the basis for proofs of correctness of graph transformation systems. Whereas graph rewriting is usually performed by mapping a pattern graph into a source graph by means of a graph morphism and then carrying out operations on the image node and edge set, this article generalises the notion of pattern graph to path expressions, which are formulae in a fragment of first-order logic. We examine the correspondence with traditional graph rewriting and show that this interpretation is beneficial when formally reasoning about model transformations with the aid of proof assistants.     

Adsorbed carbocations as transition states in heterogeneous acid catalyzed transformations of hydrocarbons

Ab initio quantum chemical calculations indicated that adsorbed carbenium and carbonium ion active intermediates of acid-catalyzed transformations of hydrocarbons on zeolites are not the really existing highly reactive species but the transition states of the corresponding elementary steps. Adsorbed carbenium ion-like activated complexes can be formed both via proton addition to the double bonds of olefins or as energetically excited unstable ion pairs resulting from partial dissociation of the carbonyl bonds in more stable alkoxy species. In contrast, the highly energetically excited adsorbed carbonium ion-like transition states result only from proton attack at the C–C or C–H bonds of paraffins. The quantum chemical calculations provided the information on geometry and electronic structure of these activated complexes which depend on the elementary reactions in which these transition states are involved. The calculated heat effects and activation energies for the main elementary steps in acid catalyzed transformations of hydrocarbons on zeolites, i.e. of double bond shift, skeletal isomerization and cracking of olefins or protolytic dehydrogenation, protolytic cracking of paraffins and hydride transfer from isoparaffins to carbenium ions are in a reasonable agreement with the experiment.     

Distributed Augmented Reality for Visualizing Collaborative Construction Tasks

Augmented reality is a visualization method in which virtual objects are aligned with the real world and the viewer can interact with the virtual objects in real time. In this paper, a new methodology called distributed augmented reality for visualizing collaborative construction tasks (DARCC) is proposed. Using this methodology, virtual models of construction equipment can be operated and viewed by several operators to interactively simulate construction activities on the construction site in augmented reality mode. The paper investigates the design issues of DARCC including tracking and registration, object modeling, engineering constraints, and interaction and communication methods. The DARCC methodology is implemented in a prototype system and tested in a case study about a bridge deck rehabilitation project.     

基于XML和XSLT的通用报表系统的设计与实现

针对当前Web报表生成技术的一些局限性,提出了基于XML和XSLT(Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations)的通用Web报表生成技术.对具体的系统架构和技术优势进行了阐述,并结合笔者所在单位自主研发的教务管理系统中的报表需求,给出了详细的设计和实现过程.     

Maps to Hack,Synchronise and Decipher: Unseen Cartographies of Rio

As a young architect in the 1990s, Gabriel Duarte , now an architecture professor at the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, worked on the Favela-Bairro initiative. Here he describes how that experience of mapping and designing informal settlements proved formative, informing the New Cartographies research project that his practice, CAMPO, has undertaken to informally map Rio's physical and social transformations in the run up to 2016.