Temperature accelerated life test on commercial concentrator III–V triple‐junction solar cells and reliability analysis as a function of the operating temperature

A temperature accelerated life test on commercial concentrator lattice‐matched GaInP/GaInAs/Ge triple‐junction solar cells has been carried out. The acceleration of the aging has been accomplished by subjecting the solar cells at temperatures markedly higher than the nominal working temperature inside a concentrator, and the nominal photo‐current condition (820 X) has been emulated by injecting current in darkness. Three tests at different temperatures have been carried out. The failure distributions across the three test temperatures have been fitted to an Arrhenius–Weibull model. An Arrhenius activation energy of 1.59 eV was determined from the fit. The reliability functions and parameters of these solar cells at two nominal working conditions (80 and 100 °C) have been obtained. In both cases, the instantaneous failure rate function monotonically increases, that is, the failures are of the wear‐out kind. We have also observed that the reliability data are very sensitive to the nominal temperature condition. In fact, at a nominal working condition of 820 X and 80 °C, assuming that the concentration module works 5 h per day, the warranty time obtained for a failure population of 5% has been 113 years. However, for a nominal working condition of 820 X and 100 °C, the warranty time obtained for a failure population of 5% has been 7 years. Therefore, in order to offer a long‐term warranty, the working temperature could be a key factor in the design of the concentration photovoltaic systems. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

巨型水轮发电机组高可靠性电源冗余控制技术应用与研究

针对某巨型水电站巨型水轮发电机组电气盘柜DC 24V电源冗余控制系统,通过对不同种类DC 24V电源冗余控制方式及电气元件性能的分析,研究一种适用于巨型水电机组电气盘柜各类工况、电气元件表现良好、稳定、可靠且利于维护的DC 24V电源冗余供电控制系统,并将研究成果应用于现场设备.     

V/UHF地空通信几何信道模型的仿真研究

分别研究了V／UHF地空通信中理想情况的几何信道模型和现实情况的椭圆几何信道模型,从不同角度较全面地分析了V／UHF地空通信的信道特性。在理想情况的几何信道模型中,对接收点合成场强的计算公式进行了仿真分析,得出了接收场强与发射功率等因素的关系;在现实情况的椭圆几何信道模型中,推导出了地面接收信号的标准多径时延和波达方向的概率密度函数,对标准多径时延、波达方向和接收功率进行了仿真,表明了多径效应对超短波地空通信的影响。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定水中钒、钴、钼

本文主要介绍石墨炉原子吸收法测定水中钒、钴、钼的方法。本方法采用美国PE公司配有自动进样器的5100ZL塞曼光谱石墨炉原子吸收分光光度仪。在测定浓度范围内,V、Co、Mo的峰面积和质量浓度呈线性关系,相关系数均大于0.99,回收率在91%-104%之间,相对标准偏差在3.4%-7.0%之间。     

还原气氛烧成Y5V型瓷粉的结构与介电性能

运用SEM、TEM、XRD等手段研究了掺杂组分对钛酸钡基Y5V陶瓷的结构和性能影响.结果表明:由于掺杂组分的存在,烧结情况得到了明显的改进.掺杂钛酸钡陶瓷的烧结包括固-固烧结和液-固烧结.Zr和稀土元素能够扩散进入钛酸钡晶格并促进固-固烧结,SiO2主要聚集在晶界并促进液-固烧结烧结.Nd5 聚集在晶界并促进针状颗粒生成,XRD的结果表明样品中有新相形成.由于掺杂的引入,材料的居里温度向低温方向移动,材料的介温曲线较纯钛酸钡材料的介温曲线更趋平坦.研究的结果还表明,由于在还原气氛中烧结,材料的介电损耗上升.     

不同加热温度下钒对车轮钢强韧性的影响

研究了不同正火加热温度下钒对车轮钢强韧性的影响.结果表明,当加热温度较低时,在强度与无V钢相同的情况下,加钒可显著提高车轮钢的低温冲击韧性;当加热温度较高时,在韧性与无V钢相同的情况下,加钒可显著提高车轮钢的强度.含V车轮钢存在一个适中的加热温度,可获得较好的强韧性匹配.含V车轮钢力学性能的变化规律与V(C,N)的溶解与析出行为有关.     

SVM分类器的风险评估算法研究

不论对分类问题还是回归问题,在构造实际可行的寻找决策函数f(x)的学习算法时,首先要有一个评价f(x)好坏的标准。而评价一个决策函数的性能时,一般是利用样本集估计其在检验集上推断时发生的错误率。给出了几个错误率估计算法,并详细分析了各估计函数的优缺点,最后的实验结果给出了从k-折交叉验证、RM-bounds和εα-estimator函数中预测出的测试错误率,进一步说明了不同的数据集可以选择不同的风险评估算法来预测出所选模型的最优参数。     

基于车辆成组的V2V协同计算卸载策略研究

在车联网中引入V2V计算卸载技术可以缓解当前车载计算卸载热点地区路边单元(RSU)计算资源不足的问题.然而,在计算卸载过程中,服务车辆可能因故障离组或自主选择离开车组.如何返回任务结果并高效地分配计算任务是需要进一步研究的关键问题.提出了一个车组内计算任务分配算法,考虑了可能导致车辆离开车组的因素影响,以及组中每辆车能...