Impact analysis and change propagation in service-oriented enterprises: A systematic review

ContextThe adoption of Service-oriented Architecture (SOA) and Business Process Management (BPM) is fairly recent. The major concern is now shifting towards the maintenance and evolution of service-based business information systems. Moreover, these systems are highly dynamic and frequent changes are anticipated across multiple levels of abstraction. Impact analysis and change propagation are identified as potential research areas in this regard.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to systematically review extant research on impact analysis and propagation in the BPM and SOA domains. Identifying, categorizing and synthesizing relevant solutions are the main study objectives.MethodThrough careful review and screening, we identified 60 studies relevant to 4 research questions. Two classification schemes served to comprehend and analyze the anatomy of existing solutions. BPM is considered at the business level for business operations and processes, while SOA is considered at the service level as deployment architecture. We focused on both horizontal and vertical impacts of changes across multiple abstraction layers.ResultsImpact analysis solutions were mainly divided into dependency analysis, traceability analysis and history mining. Dependency analysis is the most frequently adopted technique followed by traceability analysis. Further categorization of dependency analysis indicates that graph-based techniques are extensively used, followed by formal dependency modeling. While considering hierarchical coverage, inter-process and inter-service change analyses have received considerable attention from the research community, whereas bottom-up analysis has been the most neglected research area. The majority of change propagation solutions are top-down and semi-automated.ConclusionsThis study concludes with new insight suggestions for future research. Although, the evolution of service-based systems is becoming of grave concern, existing solutions in this field are less mature. Studies on hierarchical change impact are scarce. Complex relationships of services with business processes and semantic dependencies are poorly understood and require more attention from the research community.     

Neural Network and Classification Approach in Identifying Customer Behavior in the Banking Sector: A Case Study of an International Bank

The customer relationship focus for banks is in development of main competencies and strategies of building strong profitable customer relationships through considering and managing the customer impression, influence on the culture of the bank, satisfactory treatment, and assessment of valued relationship building. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are used after data segmentation and classification, where the designed model register records into two class sets, that is, the training and testing sets. ANN predicts new customer behavior from previously observed customer behavior after executing the process of learning from existing data. This article proposes an ANN model, which is developed using a six‐step procedure. The back‐propagation algorithm is used to train the ANN by adjusting its weights to minimize the difference between the current ANN output and the desired output. An evaluation process is conducted to determine whether the ANN has learned how to perform. The training process is halted periodically, and its performance is tested until an acceptable result is obtained. The principles underlying detection software are grounded in classical statistical decision theory.     

Development of a robot assisted carotid blood flow measurement system

The ultrasound diagnosis of the carotid artery is one of the most common non-invasive methods to detect early stage heart and cerebrovascular diseases. However, the precision and repetitiveness of the probe positioning depend exclusively on the operator's skills and dexterity. For this purpose, we propose the development of a robot assisted system to enhance the accuracy and repetitiveness of the probe positioning to measure the wave intensity (WI) index. In this paper, the Waseda-Tokyo Women's Medical-Aloka Blood Flow Measurement Robot System No. 2 Refined (WTA-2R) is presented. The WTA-2R consists of a conventional ultrasound diagnosis system, a 6-DOFs parallel link slave manipulator, a 6-DOFs serial link passive arm, and a master device. Experiments were carried out to verify its effectiveness in terms of accuracy and required time to perform the task. From the experimental results, the positioning accuracy and reduction of required time were confirmed.     

Path Loss Modelling for Location Service Applications

The aim of this paper is the path loss modelling for the radiolocation services in radio communication networks, particularly in cellular networks. The main results of the measurements obtained in the physical layer of the UMTS are introduced. A new method for the utilization of the multipath propagation phenomenon to improve the estimation of the distance between the MS （mobile station） and the BS （base station） is outlined. This method significantly increases the quality of location services in systems which use a radio interface with DS （direct sequence） CDMA （code division multiple access）.     

ALOF——新一代三维疲劳裂纹扩展分析软件

针对当前亟需开发能分析和评估含缺陷工程结构及装备的专业商业软件的现况,基于成熟的扩展有限元法(eXtended Finite Element Method,XFEM)和自主研发的虚节点法(Virtual Node Method,VNM),推出具有完全自主知识产权的三维疲劳裂纹扩展分析软件ALOF(Analyses Laboratory of Fracture).介绍ALOF求解断裂问题的流程及其特点:可以方便地导入完整的CAD模型及多种形式的裂纹模型,可以自动生成疏密合理的二维和三维裂纹扩展分析网格;具有丰富的失效准则库;能自动分层加密裂尖区域网格;能全自动地进行裂纹扩展计算等.与同类软件相比,ALOF更简单、更精准、更高效和更专业.利用ALOF进行的3个实际工程案例表明,ALOF能准确、高效评估任意复杂缺陷体的剩余强度和疲劳寿命.     

Decentralised control of chromatographic simulated moving bed processes based on wave front reconstruction

The behaviour of chromatographic simulated moving bed processes is described by the movement of concentration profiles through a circle of separation columns. A closed-loop control manipulates the profiles in order to meet demands concerning specified product purity and disturbance attenuation. If steep wave fronts of the concentration profiles occur, the controlled variables undergo fast changes in case of a transient of the process. In this case, a reconstruction of the wave fronts is necessary for a successful control.A simple and effective decentralised controller structure is proposed based on cascaded discrete-time PI controllers. On-line product purity measurements and the reconstructed wave fronts are used for control purposes. Two kinds of process models are used: a rigorous model for dynamic simulations, and strongly simplified plant models for the design of the wave front reconstruction and the controller. The latter models are identified based on experimental step tests with the reference plant and numerical simulations. The performance of the control system is evaluated by numerical simulations.     

基于EDA的方波三角波函数发生器设计及PCB制作

随着电子技术的迅猛发展,新技术革命的教学改革的不断深入,电子设计自动化技术运用而生,使得电子线路的设计人员能在计算机上完成电路的功能设计、逻辑设计、性能分析、时序测试直到印刷电路板的自动设计,提高了电工电子开发的效率和周期。本文就是利用Multisim8仿真设计一个方波三角波函数发生器的电路着手,介绍了仿真设计过程及生成网络表后再利用protel99SE的PCB制板过程。     

一类非线性神经模糊控制系统

针对离散非线性系统,将神经网络和模糊技术有机结合,模糊神经网络与自适应控制方案相结合,设计了一种模糊神经网络自适应控制系统,它由模糊对向传播（FCP）网络辨识器和径向基函数（RBF）神经网络控制器组成,仿真结果表明了该方案的有效性。     

基于非下采样Contourlet和MRF的纹理图像分割

提出了一种基于非下采样Contourlet变换(NSCT)和马尔科夫随机场(MRF)相结合的纹理图像分割算法.算法包括两个步骤,首先通过NSCT实现对图像纹理特征的提取,并使用模糊C-均值完成对图像的初始分割;然后将初始分割结果用 MRF模型表示,通过贝叶斯置信传播得到图像的最终分割结果.实验结果表明,对于纹理图像,该方法在分割错误率、区域一致性以及边缘的准确性方面都比传统小波变换的方法有了明显的改善.