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Songping Wu 《Materials Letters》2007,61(16):3526-3530
In this paper, non-agglomerated monodispersed ultra-fine copper metallic powders have been synthesized with chemical reduction method. Fine lead-free glass powders were also prepared by solid synthesis process. Thick film paste prepared by above-mentioned copper metallic powders and lead-free glass powders was applied as conductive paste of MLCC. Mixture of glass and zinc oxide give the thick film a high adhesion strength which is attributed to the rough interface from interfacial reaction between glass and chip, and a good densification. Diffusion of metal between copper thick film and nickel thick film is clear. Ni-Cu solid solution appears under high temperature firing. 相似文献
45.
The correlation between the crack resistance measured from dynamic and quasi-static J-R tests has been investigated based on test data from instrumented Charpy impact tests and quasi-static single edge notched bend (SENB) J-R tests.The method originally proposed by Aurich et al. [Analyse und Weiterentwicklung Bruchmechanischer versagenskonzepte--Lokales Risswachstum, Ermittlung des Risswiderstandsverhaltens aus der Kerbslagarbeit. BAM Forschungsbericht 192, Berlin 1993, ISBN 3-89429-329-2], to develop a correlation coefficient between the net fracture resistance of Charpy V-notch (ISO) and quasi-static compact tension tests, was extended to establish correlations between so-called ductile-brittle transition fracture resistance curves obtained from instrumented Charpy V-notched (ISO) and fatigue precracked impact tests and quasi-static SENB J-R fracture resistance tests.The correlation between the dynamic and quasi-static crack resistance with regard to practical application to fracture assessments appears to be reasonably consistent, bearing in mind the inherent scatter in crack resistance data in general. The findings of the present research project from testing of ship grade NVE 36 and pressure vessel steel to ASTM A516 Gr. 70 as well as two weldments in the NVE 36 steel, are in excellent agreement with the results of the research conducted by Aurich et al. [Analyse und Weiterentwicklung Bruchmechanischer versagenskonzepte--Lokales Risswachstum, Ermittlung des Risswiderstandsverhaltens aus der Kerbslagarbeit. BAM Forschungsbericht 192, Berlin 1993, ISBN 3-89429-329-2] for structural and pressure vessel steels to the German DIN standard steels including St 52-3, StE 355 and StE 460. 相似文献
46.
The removal of Cu(II) by adsorption on fly ash has been found to be concentration, pH and temperature dependent. The kinetics of adsorption indicates the process to be diffusion controlled. The Langmuir constants have been calculated at different temperatures, and the adsorption has been found to be endothermic (ΔH = 15.652 kcal mol?1). The maximum removal is observed at pH 8.0, and variation in adsorption with pH has been explained on the basis of surface ionisation and complexation. 相似文献
47.
A semi-empirical mathematical model for the acid-oxygen pressure leaching of Ni–Cu matte is presented, based on data from batch leaching experiments. The primary controlling factor in the leaching process is found to be galvanic inhibition of the more highly oxidized copper and nickel sulfide species by less oxidized species, particularly Ni alloy and Ni3S2. The leaching rate of many species is greatly reduced by the presence of one or both of these phases, and others will not commence leaching until neither is present. The mathematical model is based on first-order chemical reaction controlled rate expressions, as the reactions occurring are electrochemical in nature. Mass transfer effects are included only empirically. Some possibly diffusion-related phenomena are noted, although the model is not extended to incorporate these effects on a fundamental level. The model is verified and extended by the inclusion of several different factors that were tested experimentally. The effects of variations in O2 flow rate and partial pressure, initial particle size, reaction pulp density and initial acid concentration were all studied, and included in the model. Variations in O2 flow rate and partial pressure are found to affect the reaction rates via the dissolved oxygen concentration in the solution phase. 相似文献
48.
《Materials Science and Engineering: A》1995,190(1-2):247-252
Carbon redistribution was measured in ST1/ST2 Fe-2.5Si-0.8C/Fe-0.32Si-0.49C steel weldments in the temperature range 500–1000 °C. At the temperatures where austenite exists, carbon diffuses from ST1 into ST2; when ferrite is present, the diffusion flow reverses from ST2 into ST1. This effect is attributed to the degree of the silicon influence on the graphite precipitation and carbon activity in ST1 and ST2 steels. The opposite signs of the activity gradients in austenite and ferrite cause the reversal of the carbon diffusion when the annealing temperature is changed from the austenite to the ferrite temperature region. The carbon diffusion coefficients DC and the thermodynamic interaction coefficients εCSi in austenite have been assessed from the experimental data for ST1 and ST2 steels. 相似文献
49.
Large elevated steel silos for the storage of bulk solids generally consist of a cylindrical vessel above a conical discharge hopper supported on a cylindrical skirt. The cone–cylinder–skirt transition junction is subject to a large circumferential compressive force which is derived from the horizontal component of the meridional tension in the conical hopper, so either a ring is provided or the shell walls are locally thickened to strengthen the junction. Extensive theoretical studies have examined the buckling and collapse strengths of these junctions, leading to theoretically based design proposals. However, no previous experimental study on steel silo transition junctions has been reported due to the considerable difficulties associated with testing these thin-shell junctions at model scale. This paper presents the results of a series of tests on cone–cylinder–skirt–ring junctions in steel silos under simulated bulk solid loading. In addition to the presentation of test results including geometric imperfections and failure behavior, the determination of buckling modes and loads based on displacement measurements is examined in detail. 相似文献
50.
研制了一种新型的结构化钢毛——胶结钢毛。和传统的普通钢毛相比,胶结钢毛具有很强的结构刚度和很低的钢毛流失量;同时,对高岭土有较高的除铁效率。 相似文献