Corrosion failure of Zn–Al detonator housing

Some batches of detonator housings made up of Chromium plated Zn–Al alloy were found in an extensively cracked condition after few months of storage at room temperature. An analysis of the failure showed that the cracks were due to intergranular corrosion facilitated by segregation of lead at the grain boundaries. Improper chromium plating further aggravated the corrosion problem. This failure case emphasises the need for strict control of chemical composition for components made from Zn–Al alloy and the process of Cr plating of the components.     

Characterisation of inter-particle forces within agglomerated metallurgical powders

The strength of agglomerates of nickel flash furnace concentrate and dust was determined from experimental observations of agglomerates forming under controlled conditions, combined with mathematical equations from the literature. It was found that the agglomerates had a tensile strength ranging from 0.01 Pa to 38.7 Pa, while inter-particle forces ranged from 2.2 × 10^− 12 N to 1.5 × 10^− 10 N. These values were compared to the expected magnitude of van der Waals, electrostatic, magnetic and capillary forces within the agglomerates, and it was found that both electrostatic and van der Waals forces are likely to contribute to the cohesion of agglomerates, although sub-micron particles and the presence of sufficiently large asperities on the surface of particles limit the magnitude of van der Waals forces. Magnetic forces are large enough to contribute to the cohesion of dust agglomerates, which is in keeping with the high magnetite content of the recycle dust. It is postulated that electrostatic forces, acting over a longer range than van der Waals forces, may be responsible for initially bringing particles together. The methodology for determining inter-particle forces can be applied to the computer modelling of flash smelting systems, as well as other gas/particle systems such as fluidized beds.     

A SVET investigation on the modification of zinc dust reactivity

Weldable primers are thin zinc-rich organic coatings that are weldable due to the electrical conductivity provided by the zinc dust. They are used in the automotive industry to provide corrosion protection in regions of difficult access. The zinc particles are highly susceptible to corrosion attack and, due to the small thickness, the protection conferred by these systems is limited.     

影响拟薄水铝石烘干系统产能的成因分析及其改进措施

本文针对拟薄水铝石生产线中的关键环节—烘干系统的设备产能问题进行了分析和技术改造,收到了较好的效果,并为同类生产企业及今后改、扩建工作提供了有益的借鉴。     

Impairment of long-term associative memory in aging snails (Lymnaea stagnalis).

Age-dependent impairment in learning and memory functions occurs in many animal species, including humans. Although cell death contributes to age-related cognitive impairment in pathological forms of aging, learning and memory deficiencies develop with age even without substantial cell death. The molecular and cellular basis of this biological aging process is not well understood but seems to involve a decline in the aging brain's capacity for experience-dependent plasticity. To aid in resolving this issue, we used a simple snail appetitive classical conditioning paradigm in which the underlying molecular, cellular, and neural network functions can be directly linked to age-associated learning and memory performance (i.e., the Lymnaea stagnalis feeding system). Our results indicate that age does not affect the acquisition of appetitive memory but that retention and/or consolidation of long-term memory become progressively impaired with advancing age. The latter phenomenon correlates with declining electrophysiological excitability in key neurons controlling the feeding behavior. Together, these results present the Lymnaea feeding system as a powerful paradigm for investigations of cellular and molecular foundations of biological aging in the brain. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Optimisation of metallic pigments in coatings by an electrochemical technique and an investigation of manganese powder as pigment for metal rich primers

Zinc dust and manganese powder as pigments were incorporated in epoxy-polyamide and butyl titanate medium, with different pigment volume concentration (PVC) ranging from 20 to 74. These protective coatings were coated on sand blasted mild steel substrates and immersed in 3 wt.% sodium chloride solution and the corrosion current was measured by the Tafel extrapolation method. From the corrosion current produced by these primers, the optimum level of the pigments in these binders was identified. Thus the protective performance of optimised primers was evaluated on a sand blasted mild steel surface by the Tafel polarisation method in 3 wt.% sodium chloride solution, over different periods of time. The results were found to be comparable with the salt spray test and galvanic current measurements. The manganese powder used for this investigation showed that it could be used as an alternative to zinc powder for metal rich primers.     

Ethoxylated fatty alcohols as corrosion inhibitors for dissolution of zinc in hydrochloric acid

The effect of some ethoxylated fatty alcohols, with different numbers of ethylene oxide units, on the corrosion of zinc in 0.5 M HCl has been studied using weight loss and polarization measurements. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing concentration, number of ethylene oxide units per molecule and with decreasing the temperature. Inhibition was explained on the basis of adsorption of ethoxylated fatty alcohols molecules on the metal surface through their ethoxy groups. The degree of surface coverage varied linearly with logarithm of inhibitor concentration fitting Temkin isotherm. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated for the tested system from the data obtained at different temperatures.     

上海市吴淞工业区大气PM2.5水溶成分的元素分析及细胞毒性研究

通过ICP-MS测定了上海市吴淞地区大气PM2.5水溶成分金属元素含量,通过四唑盐(MTT)测定细胞存活率,通过超氧化歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)两个指标测定细胞氧化损伤,琼脂糖凝胶电泳测定细胞内DNA损伤,流式细胞仪(Flow cytometry)检测细胞凋亡和周期等实验研究了大气PM2.5水溶成分的细胞毒性.实验结果表明:PM2.5可溶成分中Zn元素含量最高,PM2.5在一定浓度范围内能导致细胞死亡,引起细胞的氧化损伤,影响DNA的复制,阻碍细胞增殖,但没有诱导细胞凋亡.PM2.5中可溶金属离子对细胞毒性表现为联合作用.     

佛尔哈德法测定氯化除汞上清液中的氯量

控制pH4-6，用锌粉还原氯化除汞上清液中的汞（Ⅱ）离子，取置换后液加入过量的硝酸银标准溶液，以硫酸铁铵溶液作指示剂，用硫氰酸钾标准滴定溶液滴定来测定氯量。该方法的检出限：0．25mg／100mL，回收率：98％-101％。