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41.
J. F. Toro-Vazquez Alejandro Rocha-Uribe 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1993,70(6):589-594
The adsorption of peroxides, unsaturated carbonyls, free fatty acids and carotenoids from unrefined sesame oil on vegetable
carbon (5%, w/w) in a miscella system was studied. Three different solvent conditions (hexane/ethanol, 100:0, 95:5 and 75:25,
vol/vol), combined in a factorial design with five levels of solvent (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%, w/w), were used to develop the
miscella. Equilibrium adsorption was not achieved during the 100 min of adsorption, mainly because the oil components were
involved in oxidation reactions during the adsorption process. However, for a given solvent concentration, adsorption of the
oil components showed a significant linear regression on their respective initial concentration in the miscella (Ci). Peroxides and carbonyls showed, at all solvent levels investigated, an affinity for the carbon more independent of their
Ci than free fatty acids and carotenoids. In general, at the same Ci, a higher adsorption was achieved as solvent concentration increased. The results indicated that free fatty acid adsorption
may depend on competitive adsorption based on molecule hydrophobicity. However, in spite of the higher hydrophobicity of carotenoids,
compared with free fatty acids, they might not be competing for the same adsorbing sites. Ethanol showed a prooxidant effect
that increased peroxide production during adsorption but did not affect the reaction involved in carbonyl production. 相似文献
42.
43.
Centimeter-size multi-branched tree-like carbon structures have been generated by the catalytic chemical vapor deposition of toluene using ferrocene as the catalyst precursor and investigated by means of SEM, TEM, and EDX. It is found that a temperature of 1000-1200 °C and a carrier gas flow rate of 1000-2500 ml/min are necessary for the generation of the carbon trees. Their morphologies and microstructures change greatly with the changing reaction conditions. The fractal dimensions of the trees are calculated to quantitatively investigate the influence of different reaction temperatures on the morphologies. 相似文献
44.
介绍了改良MEA脱碳技术的基本原理、工艺特点以及在工业中的应用情况,实践表明,改良MEA提高了溶液的吸收能力,降低了再生热耗,解决了MEA易降解损耗等问题。 相似文献
45.
PVA基活性碳纤维的研制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
探索了由民用大丝束聚乙烯醇纤维(PVAF)试制活性碳纤维(ACF)的可能性,以开辟新的原料路线,降低产品成本。PVAF首先用脱水剂处理,脱水剂浓度为10%(质量),然后在200—300℃进行热处理,处理后的纤维再经预氧化和碳化活化转化为ACF,ACF的收率为37.7%,比表面积为1050m~2/g。此外,还探索了用O_3处理PVAF。用差热、热失重和红外等手段对产物进行了表征,推论了相应的反应机理。结果表明:经适当处理的PVAF可制得具有较好吸附性能的ACF。 相似文献
46.
The disposal and re-use of spent bleaching clay from the vegetable oil processing industry is a problem of growing importance.
Although today the only practical way of removal of the spent material is disposal, extraction with organic solvents is a
well-known method of de-oiling contaminated bleaching clay. In our investigations we compare the extractibility of two different
types of bleaching clays with CO2 as a solvent. All experiments were carried out with a high-pressure extraction plant. The extraction and separation conditions,
temperature and pressure, as well as the CO2 mass flow, were varied during experiments. The aim of our investigations was a complete separation of the oil from the adsorbent.
The latter should then be re-used as bleaching clay. The oil and the bleaching clay were analyzed and tested, respectively.
The results show that oil of good quality can be recovered and the bleaching clay still has an activity approximately 50%
of fresh clay. 相似文献
47.
Three-dimensionally ordered long-range macroporous carbon structures were prepared using commercially available phenolic resin
by utilizing sacrificial colloidal silica crystalline arrays as templates that were subsequently removed by HF etching after
pyrolysis in an argon atmosphere. SEM, TEM, and BET were employed to characterize the morphology and the surface area of the
porous carbon structures. The pore size (150–1000 nm) and BET surface area, which reflect pore volume (298.6 m2/g (1.32 cm3/g) ∼ 93.7 m2/g (0.12 cm3/g)), of the macroporous carbon structures produced were approximately proportional to the size (150–1000 nm) of the sacrificial
silica sphere templates used (annealing temp. 550°C). The achieved 550 nm porous carbon structures were examined to function
as potential catalyst carriers and were successfully impregnated with Ag or Pt-Ru on their inner walls after borohydride reduction
at room temperature. In addition, porous carbon patterns were fabricated using the ‘micromolding in capillary’ technique,
which has potential applications in the microreaction technology. 相似文献
48.
Alumina supported vanadia catalysts (V/Al) for selective oxidehydrogenation of ethylbenzene with CO2 were prepared by impregnation method. During preparation the effect of promoters and calcined temperature was investigated,
it was found these two items had a strong influence on the activity of V/Al catalysts. Dehydrogenation reaction with CO2 was happened in the fixed-bed reactor at 450 °C. Results showed that 15.2% ethylbenzene conversion and 99.2% styrene selectivity
were acquired when V2K/Al catalyst was used. 相似文献
49.
A supercritical fluid extraction method has been applied to test the feasibility of tocopherol concentration from soybean
sludge with carbon dioxide at temperatures and pressures ranging from 35 to 70°C and 200 to 400 bar, respectively. The supercritical
solubility of the esterified soybean sludge was over 4–6 times greater than that of the original soybean sludge. By a simple
batch-type one-stage method the tocopherols in the esterified soybean sludge could be concentrated up to 40 wt%. The overall
results of the present study show that soybean sludge initially containing about 13–14 wt% tocopherols may require a countercurrent
multistage column to be highly and effectively concentrated. 相似文献
50.
Noboru Hashimoto Yasushi Sawada Takashi Bando Hiroyoshi Yoden Shigehito Deki 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1991,74(6):1282-1286
AIN powder was synthesized from aluminum polynuclear complexes. Basic aluminum chloride and basic aluminum lactate were used as the aluminum polynuclear complexes. These starting materials and glucose were dissolved in water and mixed homogeneously. AIN powder was obtained by calcining after drying and precalcining at 800°C under nitrogen gas flow. Then excess carbon was removed by firing in air. Nitridation in the system was investigated and compared with that in the alumina–carbon black system. It was found that in our reaction system nitridation began and proceeded at lower calcination temperatures above 1200°C than in the alumina–carbon black system. Using aluminum polynuclear complexes, AIN was synthesized through the nitridation of γ-alumina and produced in a very fine and sharp particle size distribution. 相似文献