双齿围沙蚕美拉德反应产物的制备及其抗氧化活性初探

利用酸解法水解双齿围沙蚕干品得到氨基酸水解液,再分别与葡萄糖、蔗糖进行美拉德反应制备美拉德反应产物（MRPs）,采用硫氰酸铁法研究其抗氧化活性。结果表明：制备得到的两种沙蚕美拉德反应产物均具有一定的抗氧化活性。在受试时间内,沙蚕和葡萄糖MRPs的抗氧化活性在作用4h之前弱于没食子酸丙酯,在作用4h之后优于没食子酸丙酯;而沙蚕和蔗糖MRPs的抗氧化活性在受试7.5h以内弱于没食子酸丙酯,且其抗氧化活性呈逐渐减弱的趋势,而在7.5h以后其抗氧化活性呈现增强的趋势。     

蛋源降血压肽研究进展

鸡蛋不仅是人们饮食营养的重要来源,而且还含有许多生物活性蛋白。鸡蛋活性蛋白经酶解后会产生许多具有生物活性的多肽,其中最重要的就是具有降血压活性的多肽。本文介绍了鸡蛋来源的降血压多肽的发现、特性、生产和分离及体内外活性,以期为国内相关研究提供参考。     

制油工艺对油茶籽油品质的影响

以脱壳油茶籽为原料,对比研究了冷榨法、浸出法、水酶法和热榨法(100、130℃)4种工艺对油茶籽油酸值、过氧化值、氧化稳定指数、脂肪酸组成、微量营养成分、DPPH自由基清除能力的影响。结果表明:水酶法制得的油茶籽油酸值(KOH)最低(0.51 mg/g),过氧化值最高(5.89 mmol/kg),氧化稳定指数最低(0.77 h);130℃热榨油茶籽油中多酚、角鲨烯和总甾醇含量最高,分别为25.5、151.89、3 297.26 mg/kg;浸出油茶籽油中β-胡萝卜素和生育酚含量最高,分别为10.33、524.90 mg/kg;水酶法油茶籽油清除DPPH自由基的能力最低,抗氧化性最差。     

新型食品防腐剂及其在调味品中的应用

本文介绍了一些新型食品防腐剂的特性和用途，特别讨论了尼泊金酯钠的产品特性、使用安全性、抑菌活性和复配增效效果，探讨了尼泊金酯钠的抑菌机理，并与苯甲酸钠和山梨酸钾进行了比较。同时阐述了尼泊金酯钠在调味品中的应用前景和生产研究开发动态。     

枳椇醋发酵阶段产物的抗氧化活性变化

采用液态深层发酵法酿造枳椇醋,以总酚含量、总黄酮含量、清除DPPH自由基能力、还原能力、总抗氧化能力为指标,研究枳椇醋不同发酵阶段产物抗氧化活性的变化。结果表明:总酚含量和清除DPPH自由基能力在枳椇醋酿造过程中增加;总黄酮含量在酒精发酵阶段减少,在醋酸发酵阶段增加;还原能力发酵前后相当;总抗氧化能力在酒精发酵中增强,在醋酸发酵中略减弱。     

酱香型大曲中具产酶功能霉菌的分离筛选

目的:从酱香型大曲中筛选功能菌。方法:从贵州省某酒厂的酱香大曲中分离到19株霉菌,测定了各菌株的液化酶、糖化酶和蛋白酶活力。结果:筛选到两株同时产液化酶、糖化酶和蛋白酶三种酶活都相对较高的菌株,对两株菌进行鉴定,并构建系统进化树,经鉴定两株菌分别为谢瓦散囊菌FBKL3.0004和阿姆斯特丹散囊菌FBKL3.0013。结论:筛选的两株菌能够应用于白酒酿造。     

黄褐毛忍冬中酚酸类化合物含量及其抗氧化活性相关性

为探究黄褐毛忍冬总绿原酸含量、总黄酮含量与抗氧化活性相关性;利用50％甲醇恒温震荡提取黄褐毛忍冬花蕾中总绿原酸、总黄酮,紫外分光光度法测定其含量,DPPH比色法测定其抗氧化活性,采用SPSS软件对化合物含量与抗氧化活性进行相关性分析;结果表明：在0．01水平上总绿原酸含量、总黄酮含量与黄褐毛忍冬抗氧化活性呈正相关,相关数为分别为0．734和0．683,即绿原酸对黄褐毛忍冬的抗氧化活性贡献最大,其次是黄酮。     

Effect of methyl jasmonate on quality and antioxidant activity of postharvest loquat fruit

BACKGOUND: Loquat fruit is rich in natural antioxidants and has shown a remarkably high antioxidant activity. To search for an effective method for maintaining or even improving antioxidant activity during postharvest storage, we investigated the effect of 10 µmol L^?1 methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment on levels of major individual sugars and organic acids, total phenolics, total carotenoids, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity in loquat fruit during storage at 1 °C for 35 days. RESULTS: The MeJA‐treated fruit exhibited significantly lower levels of respiration rate, ethylene production, phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase and polyphenol oxidase activities, and higher levels of sugars, organic acids, total phenolics and total flavonoids than control fruit. Meanwhile, the treatment also maintained significantly higher antioxidant activity as measured by the scavenging capacity against 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, and by the reducing power test compared to the control. There was a significant positive linear relationship between total phenolic content and DPPH radical scavenging activity. CONCLUSION: MeJA treatment can improve the quality and functional properties of harvested loquat fruit by maintaining a higher level of antioxidants and enhancing antioxidant activity. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

Anti-oxidant activity and mechanism of action of trans-resveratrol in different lipid systems

The anti-oxidative properties of trans -resveratrol were studied in the concentration range 0.02–0.20% (8.8 × 10⁻⁴–8.8 × 10⁻³  M ) during autoxidation of pure triacylglycerols of lard (TGL) and of pure triacylglycerols of sunflower oil (TGSO), as well as of commercial sunflower oil at 100 °C. In sunflower oil trans -resveratrol showed no anti-oxidative activity. In pure lipid systems trans -resveratrol considerably retarded the oxidation process, the effect being stronger in the less oxidizable substrate (TGL). The effectiveness (stabilization factor F ), strength (oxidation rate ratio, ORR) and activity ( A = F /ORR) of the different anti-oxidant concentrations were determined. The activity A was found to increase dose dependency as follows: A =3750–15425 for TGL, A =79–207 for TGSO. The participation of trans -resveratrol in the side reactions of inhibited oxidation was discussed.     

冰核细菌及其在食品工业中的应用

冰核细菌是一类在较低温度(-2.5～-5)℃下具有很强冰核活性的细菌,目前在植物冻害防治、促冻杀虫、人工降雪、食品冷冻浓缩等领域已成为研究热点。本文介绍了冰核细菌的成冰机制和影响因素,以及在食品工业中的应用,井对未来冰核细菌的研究趋势作一展望。