Store manager performance and satisfaction: Effects on store employee performance and satisfaction, store customer satisfaction, and store customer spending growth.

Based on emotional contagion theory and the value–profit chain literatures, the present study posits a number of hypotheses that show how managers in the small store, small number of employees retail context may affect store employees, customers, and potentially store performance. With data from 306 store managers, 1,615 store customer-contact employees, and 57,656 customers of a single retail chain, the authors examined relationships among store manager job satisfaction and job performance, store customer-contact employee job satisfaction and job performance, customer satisfaction with the retailer, and a customer-spending-based store performance metric (customer spending growth over a 2-year period). Via path analysis, several hypothesized direct and interaction relations among these constructs are supported. The results suggest implications for academic researchers and retail managers. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Evaluating causes and consequences of turnover intention among IT workers: the development of a questionnaire survey

In this paper we describe the process of developing a questionnaire survey that evaluates the causes and consequences of turnover intention among information technology (IT) workers, with specific attention to issues of importance to women and minorities within the IT workforce. The questionnaire development process consisted of four steps:

1. Creation of the initial questionnaire from a literature review of existing scales
2. Pilot study using interviews to test the questionnaire
3. Modifications to the questionnaire based on feedback from the pilot study
4. Implementation of the revised questionnaire survey.

The process used for the development of the questionnaire survey is systematic and addresses issues specific to the IT workforce, in particular the underrepresentation of women and minorities in the IT workforce. The questionnaire survey allows the collection of reliable and valid data on causes and effects of retention and intention to turnover, thus making it possible to better understand the reasons for the underrepresentation of women and minorities in the IT workforce.     

Longitudinal association between marital dissatisfaction and alcohol use disorders in a community sample.

The prospective association between marital dissatisfaction and alcohol use disorders (abuse and/or dependence) was evaluated in a randomly selected community sample. Married individuals (N=1,675) from the New Haven Epidemiologic Catchment Area project who did not have a current alcohol use disorder at baseline were followed prospectively for 12 months. Results indicated that baseline marital dissatisfaction was significantly associated with alcohol use disorder diagnosis during follow-up, with dissatisfied spouses being 3.7 times more likely than satisfied spouses to have a diagnosis of current alcohol use disorder at follow-up. The longitudinal association between baseline marital dissatisfaction and current alcohol use disorder diagnosis at follow-up remained significant when controlling for baseline demographic variables and history of alcohol use disorders. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

基于免疫算法的机组组合优化方法

机组组合是改善传统电力系统运行经济性和电力市场出清的重要手段。基于群体进化的智能优化算法存求解过程中存在计算效率低和易于早熟收敛等缺点。提出机组组合的免疫算法，利用免疫算法保持种群多样性的内在机制和免疫记忆特性改进既有的智能优化方法。新算法扩展了约束处理技术，能更好地对可行解空间搜索，采用一种由后向前、由前及后、双向迂回推进的精简程序改善个体可行解的局部最优性，同时利用优先级顺序法产生能较好反映问题先验知识的初始种群。典型算例证实新算法能获得更优的结果，具有更快的收敛速度，且在系统规模扩大时有大致线性的计算复杂性，是一种新的高效的机组组合智能优化算法。     

汽车维修企业服务质量的顾客满意度测评

在阐述顾客满意度的逻辑模型、分析顾客满意度对汽车维修企业服务过程影响的基础上，建立了汽车维修企业服务质量顾客满意度测评指标体系，并利用模糊综合评判法得出顾客满意等级，以便为提高企业服务质量提供决策支持。     

使住户满意的物业公司模糊综合评价模型

建立规范、定量化的物业管理评价体系，对物业管理公司进行住户满意管理的绩效评价，是物业管理行业的重要问题。在对顾客满意度的预测分析中应用了德尔菲法、并根据住户满意信息是模糊的这一特点结合头脑风暴法，运用模糊数学理论，将德尔菲法进行了改进，使之更适合于住户满意度的预测分析。同时，还运用模糊数学方法建立了使住户满意的物业公司模糊综合评判模型，给出了模型的应用案例。     

Perception and expectation gaps of information systems provider skills: the impact on user satisfaction

Abstract.  Past research indicates that expectations play a crucial role in the final satisfaction of users of information systems (IS). This includes expectations regarding the skill levels exhibited by the providers of the IS services and products. Typically, the expectations are examined as gaps from perceived performance or as gaps from realistic expectations. The interaction of these gaps has not been thoroughly explored in past research, although recent theories anticipate both gaps are crucial in meeting the desires of the users. A matched pair sample of IS users and IS providers is used to collect data on expected skill levels and perceived delivery of the skills demanded. Gaps, both between these two stakeholder groups regarding expectations and within the user group regarding perceived delivery, are found to impact user satisfaction in a two-way analysis. The results indicate that expectations should be managed to higher levels and commonly understood across the user and provider groups.     

CS战略与油墨营销

针对CS战略对油墨营销影响进行论述,首先从我国油墨工业所面临的困境出发,提出当前油墨厂商采纳CS战略的必要性与重要性,并进一步论述了企业实施CS战略的意义,最后,文章对企业实施CS战略的措施提出建议.     

Symmetry Breaking Constraints for Value Symmetries in Constraint Satisfaction

Constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) sometimes contain both variable symmetries and value symmetries, causing adverse effects on CSP solvers based on tree search. As a remedy, symmetry breaking constraints are commonly used. While variable symmetry breaking constraints can be expressed easily and propagated efficiently using lexicographic ordering, value symmetry breaking constraints are often difficult to formulate. In this paper, we propose two methods of using symmetry breaking constraints to tackle value symmetries. First, we show theoretically when value symmetries in one CSP correspond to variable symmetries in another CSP of the same problem. We also show when variable symmetry breaking constraints in the two CSPs, combined using channeling constraints, are consistent. Such results allow us to tackle value symmetries efficiently using additional CSP variables and channeling constraints. Second, we introduce value precedence, a notion which can be used to break a common class of value symmetries, namely symmetries of indistinguishable values. While value precedence can be expressed using inefficient if-then constraints in existing CSP solvers, we propose efficient propagation algorithms for implementing global value precedence constraints. We also characterize several theoretical properties of the value precedence constraints. Extensive experiments are conducted to verify the feasibility and efficiency of the two proposals.     

Symmetry Definitions for Constraint Satisfaction Problems

We review the many different definitions of symmetry for constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) that have appeared in the literature, and show that a symmetry can be defined in two fundamentally different ways: as an operation preserving the solutions of a CSP instance, or else as an operation preserving the constraints. We refer to these as solution symmetries and constraint symmetries. We define a constraint symmetry more precisely as an automorphism of a hypergraph associated with a CSP instance, the microstructure complement. We show that the solution symmetries of a CSP instance can also be obtained as the automorphisms of a related hypergraph, the k-ary nogood hypergraph and give examples to show that some instances have many more solution symmetries than constraint symmetries. Finally, we discuss the practical implications of these different notions of symmetry.