好氧颗粒污泥同步除磷脱氮研究的新进展

结合近年来国内外除磷脱氮的最新研究成果,对好氧颗粒污泥除磷脱氮的机理及工艺进行了探讨和研究。研究表明通过适当的SBR定向培养,可以在颗粒污泥中培养出不同的微生物菌群(硝化菌、反硝化菌、聚磷菌、反硝化聚磷菌等),使其能够实现同步除磷脱氮,从而为污水生物除磷脱氮工艺研究提供了一个新思路。     

A compact photomicroreactor design for kinetic studies of gas‐liquid photocatalytic transformations

A compact photomicroreactor assembly consisting of a capillary microreactor and small‐scale light emitting diodes was developed for the study of reaction kinetics in the gas‐liquid photocatalytic oxidation of thiophenol to phenyl disulfide within Taylor flow. The importance of photons was convincingly shown by a suction phenomenon due to the fast consumption of oxygen. Mass transfer limitations were evaluated and an operational zone without mass transfer effects was chosen to study reaction kinetics. Effects of photocatalyst loading and light sources on the reaction performance were investigated. Reaction kinetic analysis was performed to obtain reaction orders with respect to both thiophenol and oxygen based on heterogeneous and homogeneous experimental results, respectively. The Hatta number further indicated elimination of mass transfer limitations. Reaction rate constants at different photocatalyst loadings and different photon flux were calculated. Furthermore, the advantages of this photomicroreactor assembly for studying gas‐liquid photocatalytic reaction kinetics were demonstrated as compared with batch reactors. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 2215–2227, 2015     

PVA凝胶小球在废水生物处理工艺中的应用

PVA凝胶小球是一种亲水性好、具有良好细菌栖息性的新型微生物固定化载体。以PVA凝胶小球为载体,分析研究其在废水厌氧、好氧及脱氮生物处理工艺中的应用现状,指出PVA生物处理系统具有微生物富集量高、系统启动快、容积负荷高、CODCr及TN去除率高等明显的技术优势。针对不同类型废水开展PVA生物处理工艺基础试验研究以及工程化实践,是一个值得关注的发展趋势。     

精对苯二甲酸废水处理工艺进展

PTA生产废水处理过程中常用工艺流程中包含好氧法、厌氧法等活性污泥法,通过应用实例证明, PTA废水处理需要采用物化／好氧／厌氧相结合的工艺才能够达到比较好的处理效果,膜生物反应器、非均相催化氧化等深化处理工艺等能够进一步提高出水水质,提升工业用水回用率。     

垃圾渗滤液生物处理技术的研究现状及展望

主要介绍国内外垃圾渗滤液生物处理技术的研究进展及趋势,指出垃圾渗滤液处理技术存在的问题,提出对现有技术的升级改造和新技术的研发,并指明产业化应用是垃圾渗滤液处理技术的研究重点,对现有处理技术进行整合是垃圾渗滤液处理技术的重要发展方向。本研究旨在为我国改造及新建垃圾渗滤液工程提供参考。     

A/O-混凝工艺处理氰酚废水的研究

采用后继混凝沉淀的A/O工艺对含酚、氰的焦化废水进行了处理,运行结果表明:废水中酚质量浓度从287～681 mg/L降至1.0 mg/L以下,氰化物质量浓度从0.72～11.4 mg/L降至0.5 mg/L以下,完全达到了<污水综合排放标准>(GB 8978-1996)的二级排放标准;COD_(Cr)从3 879～6 378 mg/L降至116.1～184.2 mg/L.氨氮从145.6～200 mg/L降至11.64～25.26 mg/L.大多数时间达到排放标准.     

Aerobic granular sludge in a sequencing batch reactor

In a laboratory scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) granules were cultured under aerobic conditions. To enhance the growth of granular sludge the SBR was operated with very short sedimentation and draw phases resulting in the washout of slow settling biomass. Fast settling granules were retained in the reactor and thus had an advantage over flocs with a slower settling velocity. After 40 days of operation granules were the dominant form of microbial aggregates in the reactor, even though some pin-point flocs remained in the system. Granules taken from the reactor were stored for weeks without disintegrating. After about 130 days of operation the granule quality and COD-removal worsened. The reasons for that are yet to be investigated.     

小氮肥企业高氨氮废水处理的试验研究

针对小氮肥厂生产废水的排放现状及其对城市污水处理厂的影响 ,在试验的基础上提出了处理高含氨氮废水的空气吹脱—好氧硝化处理工艺 .空气吹脱可有效地去除解吸液中的氨氮 ,氨氮浓度由 1869.3mg/L降至 40 8.3mg/L ,去除率为 78% ;好氧生物硝化可有效地去除混合生产废水中的氨氮 ,氨氮浓度由 2 41mg/L降低为 2 3 .2mg/L ,去除率达 90 % ,达到国家二级排放标准     

污泥堆肥化对重金属生物可利用性的影响

通过重金属形态分析及在模拟雨水、酸雨淋溶条件下重金属迁移实验和理论分析，研究了堆肥化处理对污泥中重金属生物可利用性的影响。结果表明：堆肥化处理使重金属的不稳定形态含量降低，原污泥在酸雨淋溶下重金属已经迁移到约16厘米深的土柱中，而经过处理后的污泥淋出液中的重金属含量很低，仅有少量污泥中含量较高的元素向土柱深层迁移。迁移量及深度明显低于未处理的原污泥。实验及理论分析均证明了堆肥化处理可以降低污泥中重金属在土壤中的迁移性，使重金属的生物可利用性降低。     

城市生活污泥生物减水技术研究

利用微生物好氧发酵实现城市污水厂污泥生物减水试验研究表明,翻堆及通风方式等因素影响好氧发酵过程中微生物数量及种群的变化,从而影响含水率的变化,在45℃～50℃中高温阶段,中、高温菌共存,污泥减水速率最大,为污泥生物减水的主要阶段。