Electrophoretic deposition of carbon nanotubes

Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) has been gaining increasing interest as an economical and versatile processing technique for the production of novel coatings or films of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on conductive substrates. The purpose of the paper is to present an up-to-date comprehensive overview of current research progress in the field of EPD of CNTs. The paper specifically reviews the preparation and characterisation of stable CNT suspensions, and the mechanism of the EPD process; it includes discussion of pure CNT coatings and CNT/nanoparticle composite films. A complete discussion of the EPD parameters is presented, including electrode materials, deposition time, electrode separation, deposition voltage and resultant electric field. The paper highlights potential applications of the resulting CNT and CNT/composite structures, in areas such as field emission devices, fuel cells, and supercapacitors.     

Effect of carbon fiber surface functional groups on the mechanical properties of carbon-carbon composites with HTT

The present investigation describes the quantitative measurement of surface functional groups present on commercially available different PAN based carbon fibers, their effect on the development of interface with resol-type phenol formaldehyde resin matrix and its effect on the physico-mechanical properties of carbon-carbon composites at various stages of heat treatment. An ESCA study of the carbon fibers has revealed that high strength (ST-3) carbon fibers possess almost 10% reactive functional groups as compared to 5.5 and 4.5% in case of intermediate modulus (IM-500) and high modulus (HM-45) carbon fibers, respectively. As a result, ST-3 carbon fibers are in a position to make strong interactions with phenolic resin matrix and HM-45 carbon fibers make weak interactions, while IM-500 carbon fibers make intermediate interactions. This observation is also confirmed from the pyrolysis data (volume shrinkage) of the composites. Bulk density and kerosene density more or less increase in all the composites with heat treatment up to 2600 °C. It is further observed that bulk density is minimum and kerosene density is maximum upon heat treatment at 2600 °C in case of ST-3 based composites compared to HM-45 and IM-500 composites. It has been found for the first time that the deflection temperature (temperature at which the properties of the material start to decrease or increase) of flexural strength as well as interlaminar shear strength is different for the three composites (A, B and C) and is determined by the severity of interactions established at the polymer stage. Above this temperature, flexural strength and interlaminar shear strength increase in all the composites up to 2600 °C. The maximum value of flexural strength at 2600 °C is obtained for HM-45 composites and that of ILSS for ST-3 composites.     

怒江流域云南区段降雨时空变化分析

利用怒江流域云南区段及其毗邻地区77个站点1980~2009年雨量资料,以及怒江干流道街坝站1957~2015年和南汀河支流姑老河站1960~2015年降雨、径流资料,研究该流域降雨区域分异特征及变化趋势。结果表明:怒江流域云南区段多年平均面雨量达1 336.7 mm,远大于全省平均降雨量;怒江干流云南区段上游贡山地区和下游支流苏帕河流域,以及支流南汀河流域下游多年平均降雨量达1 500 mm以上,而干流的中游怒江坝干热河谷不足1 000 mm,降水空间分布格局与西南季风强弱及纵向岭谷地形密切相关;怒江流域云南区段降水量呈下降趋势,与怒江上游西藏区域相反,支流南汀河流域面雨量减少速率(56 mm/10 a)大于怒江干流云南区段(29 mm/10 a);怒江流域云南区段夏季降水占全年降水量的51%,怒江干流云南区段与支流南汀河流域降水量差异主要表现在夏季;怒江流域云南区段春季降水量呈增加趋势,夏季、秋季和冬季降水量呈减少趋势;怒江干流道街坝站、支流南汀河姑老河站降雨量长周期分别为36 a和33 a左右,从降雨变化长周期来看,2002年以来的少水期将持续到2018~2020年。怒江干流云南区段降水量变化的Hurst指数值为0.69,表明其未来趋势与过去一致,仍将延续降水量减少的变化趋势。     

两亲性聚合物多孔微球的制备研究

合成了具有悬挂双键的苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯多孔微球,在悬挂双键处接枝甲基丙烯酸甲酯,制成了一系列不同接枝度的两亲性聚合物多孔微球。考察了悬挂双键数量、反应时间等因素对接枝率的影响以及接枝率对微球形貌的影响。实验中通过观测澄清点,有效地控制了反应后期自加速现象对接枝率的影响。在反应时间25 m in时,制得了平均孔径为50 nm的两亲性多孔微球。将该微球用于对化妆品活性组分的负载,对极性物的负载率比接枝前高出2倍。     

Impact of “Super Acid” like filler on the properties of a PEGDME/LiClO4 system

Composite polymer electrolyte based on a new class of filler added to a PEGDME/LiClO₄ model system has been investigated. “Ceramic super acids” used consist of grafted SO₄²⁻ groups on Al₂O₃ particles surface obtained by calcinations route. Conductivity, DSC and FT-IR measurements performed on such composite electrolytes, when compared to the model PEGDME/LiClO₄ electrolyte, showed only slight improvement of their inner characteristics. In contrary, Li/Li symmetric cells study, by means of impedance spectroscopy, has presented a spectacular decrease of the interfacial resistance compare to the model electrolyte. This result opens a new pathway of investigation to master the lithium metal/polymer electrolyte interface.     

Decentralized control: Status and outlook

This paper reviews state of the art in the area of decentralized networked control systems with an emphasis on event-triggered approach. The models or agents with the dynamics of linear continuous-time time-invariant state-space systems are considered. They serve for the framework for network phenomena within two basic structures. The I/O-oriented systems as well as the interaction-oriented systems with disjoint subsystems are distinguished. The focus is laid on the presentation of recent decentralized control design and co-design methods which offer effective tools to overcome specific difficulties caused mainly by network imperfections. Such side-effects include communication constraints, variable sampling, time-varying transmission delays, packet dropouts, and quantizations. Decentralized time-triggered methods are briefly discussed. The review is deals mainly with decentralized event-triggered methods. Particularly, the stabilizing controller–observer event-based controller design as well as the decentralized state controller co-design are presented within the I/O-oriented structures of large scale complex systems. The sampling instants depend in this case only on a local information offered by the local feedback loops. Minimum sampling time conditions are discussed. Special attention is focused on interaction-oriented system architecture. Model-based approach combined with event-based state feedback controller design is presented, where the event thresholds are fully decentralized. Finally, several selected open decentralized control problems are briefly offered as recent research challenges.     

基于AJAX技术创建的异步方法应用研究

遵循AJAX技术的基本原理,创建了一个简单的异步引用方法,并给出登录实例来说明如何实现该方法的引用,减少代码冗余。主要阐述了通过创建方法,并引用方法到不同Web应用程序中,实现了代码的优化。     

多编组协同任务分配模型及DLS-QGA 算法求解

为解决多智能体编组协同任务分配问题, 定义任务、智能体编组和相关的分配过程变量, 建立以最高任务执行效率为目标的数学模型. 在问题模型中设计考虑资源损耗的编组资源能力更新机制, 提出用于求解该模型的动态列表规划和量子遗传算法的混合任务分配算法, 使用动态列表规划选择处理的任务, 利用量子遗传算法为选定任务分配最合适编组. 最后通过算例表明, 所提出的方法在解决时序逻辑任务分配时能够得到更优更稳定的方案.

     

羧基偏氯乙烯丁苯胶乳粒子的相态结构和应用性能

以过硫酸铵为引发剂，十二烷基硫酸钠为乳化剂，采用种子聚合工艺，合成了偏氯乙烯质量分数为２３％～４３％的羧基偏氯乙烯丁苯胶乳。通过电镜观察到所合成的胶乳粒子具有核－壳结构。通过测定胶闰子表面层的羧基数量，研究了羧基的分布，结果表明，羧酸种类对羧基在胶乳粒子中及在聚合体系中的分布有重要影响，该胶乳作为地毯背衬粘合剂，具有粘合力高，极限氧指数高的特点，是一种较好的阻燃性粘合剂。     

含多羟基功能基树脂的合成及其与硼酸螯合性能的研究

合成了数种含有多羟基醇单醚功能基的树脂，研究了反应条件及树脂的吸附性能。