Blinks of the mind: Memory effects of attentional processes.

If 2 words are presented successively within 500 ms, subjects often miss the 2nd word. This attentional blink reflects a limited capacity to attend to incoming information. Memory effects were studied for words that fell within an attentional blink. Unrelated words were presented in a modified rapid serial visual presentation task at varying stimulus-onset asynchronies, and attention was systematically manipulated. Subsequently, recognition, repetition priming, and semantic priming were measured separately in 3 experiments. Unidentified words showed no recognition and no repetition priming. However, blinked (i.e., unidentified) words did produce semantic priming in related words. When, for instance, ring was blinked, it was easier to subsequently identify wedding than apple. In contrast, when the blinked word itself was presented again, it was not easier to identify than an unrelated word. Possible interpretations of this paradoxical finding are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

多模冗余系统通道异步度的实验研究

N模冗余控制系统中,通道间非同步与各通道完全同步的系统具有不同的数据关系和对外控制作用。非同步系统可分为两类:各通道运行在相同频率上的系统和各通道运行在不同频率上的系统。文章讨论了这两类非同步系统与同步系统的差异,在此基础上通过试验分析了异步度对这两类系统的任务关系以及闭环控制特性等的影响,最后对该类系统的分析工具提出了建议。     

Generalized L systems

This paper proposes the concept of generalized L systems, GL systems for short, which can describe asynchronized concurrent phenomena. We have proved that the GL systems are proper extensions of the traditional L systems. We have also defined a classification of GL systems and proved a sufficient and necessary condition for the equivalence of two subclasses of GL systems: two GPDOL (a class of deterministic GL systems) systems L[ m1, m2, ??? mj] and L[ n1, n2, ??? nk] are e-quivalent, iff k = j and there exists a common divisor g of all mi and a common divisor h of all nj such that (?) i: mi/g = nj/h.     

澜沧江自然条件下输沙质量通量与体积径流量的关系

为了研究澜沧江水沙关系和提高利用体积径流量预测泥沙质量通量的准确性,以电站建设前1982—2000年澜沧江上游旧州站和中游戛旧站沙的质量浓度和体积径流量实测资料为研究对象,根据自然状态下泥沙质量通量和体积径流量变化幅度的差异,建立输沙质量通量导数与体积径流量的关系式. 公式系数为流域系统属性的综合反映,表示平均体积径流量下输沙质量通量的变化率,公式指数表示体积径流量变化对输沙质量通量变化率的影响. 根据上中游站的指数差异可知,泥沙质量通量除依赖上游来沙外还依赖沿程冲刷和支流入汇的补给. 通过对输沙质量通量导数公式进行积分得出输沙质量通量与体积径流量的理论关系. 结果表明,输沙质量通量峰值约落后体积径流量峰值1 d,据此优化反向传播神经网络（BP-NN）,可以较好地改良优化前模型预测中的峰值偏移现象,提高预测精度.     

基于状态异步DBN的语音驱动面部动画合成

提出一种基于状态异步动态贝叶斯网络模型(SA-DBN)的语音驱动面部动画合成方法。提取音视频语音数据库中音频的感知线性预测特征和面部图像的主动外观模型(AAM)特征来训练模型参数,对于给定的输入语音,基于极大似然估计原理学习得到对应的最优AAM特征序列,并由此合成面部图像序列和面部动画。对合成面部动画的主观评测结果表明,与听视觉状态同步的DBN模型相比,通过限制听觉语音状态和视觉语音状态间的最大异步程度,SA-DBN可以得到清晰自然并且嘴部运动与输入语音高度一致的面部动画。     

基于Observer模式的异步Web服务技术架构的构建及应用

本文在对目前流行的Web服务技术进行简要介绍的基础上，分析了web服务间消息同步通讯机制存在的不足之处，并提出了基于Observer模式的异步Web服务技术应用架构的改进思路。     

Reactive Modules

We present a formal model for concurrent systems. The model represents synchronous and asynchronous components in a uniform framework that supports compositional (assume-guarantee) and hierarchical (stepwise-refinement) design and verification. While synchronous models are based on a notion of atomic computation step, and asynchronous models remove that notion by introducing stuttering, our model is based on a flexible notion of what constitutes a computation step: by applying an abstraction operator to a system, arbitrarily many consecutive steps can be collapsed into a single step. The abstraction operator, which may turn an asynchronous system into a synchronous one, allows us to describe systems at various levels of temporal detail. For describing systems at various levels of spatial detail, we use a hiding operator that may turn a synchronous system into an asynchronous one. We illustrate the model with diverse examples from synchronous circuits, asynchronous shared-memory programs, and synchronous message-passing protocols.     

基于分离补偿网络的IPT系统功率扩容策略

将感应电能传输(IPT)系统的补偿网络分离并加入各并联逆变器中,用以解决功率扩容和环流问题.分析采用单逆变器拓扑和功率扩容拓扑的IPT系统数学模型. 设计各并联逆变器的补偿网络参数,推导功率扩容系统的功率与效率表达式. 分析各并联逆变器在驱动不同步时的环流回路,给出零电压开关(ZVS)控制策略. 搭建1.2 kW 基于分离补偿网络的IPT系统功率扩容装置,进行实验验证. 实验结果表明,各并联逆变器的输出功率比约为1∶2,均实现了ZVS,功率扩容系统直流到直流的整体传输效率为92.53%,环流幅值为0.2 A,证明了所提功率扩容拓扑的实用性和有效性.     

基于三流DBN模型的听视觉情感识别

为更好地对听视觉情感信息之间的关联关系进行建模,提出一种三流混合动态贝叶斯网络情感识别模型(T_AsyDBN)。采用MFCC特征及基于基频和短时能量的局域韵律特征作为听觉输入流,在状态层同步。将面部几何特征和面部动作参数特征作为视觉输入流,与听觉输入流在状态层异步。实验结果表明,该模型优于有状态异步约束的听视觉双流DBN模型,6种情感的平均识别率从 52.14%提高到63.71%。     

基于改进异步DBN模型的听视觉融合情感识别

提出了一个改进的三特征流听视觉融合异步动态贝叶斯网络情感模型（VVA_AsyDBN）,采用面部几何特征（GF）和面部主动外观模型特征（AAM）作为两个视觉输入流,语音Mel倒谱特征（MFCC）作为听觉输入流,且视觉流的状态和听觉流的状态可以存在有约束的异步。在eNTERFACE’05听视觉情感数据库上进行了情感识别实验,并与传统的多流同步隐马尔可夫模型（MSHMM）,以及具有两个听觉特征流（语音MFCC和局域韵律特征LP）和一个视觉特征流的听视觉异步DBN模型（T_AsyDBN）进行了比较。实验结果表明,VVA_AsyDBN获得了最高识别率75.61%,比视觉单流HMM提高了12.50%,比采用AAM、GF和MFCC特征的MSHMM提高了2.32%,比T_AsyDBN的最高识别率也提高了1.65%。