新型桥塔自立状态动力特性分析

某独塔斜拉桥桥塔装有横撑和风缆,是一种新型桥塔,基于ANSYS软件对其自立状态下的整体动力特性和风缆动力特性进行了计算,并分析了它们的影响因素。结果表明,横撑和风缆增大了桥塔横桥向弯曲频率和扭转频率,而略微减小了顺桥向弯曲频率;风缆是否分段建模对桥塔低阶振型和频率没有影响,而对高阶振型和频率有影响;桥塔频率对风缆初张力不敏感;风缆频率对风缆初张力比较敏感,而且随着初张力的增大而逐渐增大,但频率增幅逐渐减小。     

多塔下拉索斜拉桥静力荷载试验和计算分析

针对加有下拉索的多塔斜拉桥这种新型的桥梁结构体系,参考某长江大桥实际工程建模,通过缩尺静力实验和有限元计算分析对比加劲索加下拉索多塔斜拉桥与常规无加劲索多塔斜拉桥的静力力学性能。试验和分析表明,加下拉索多塔斜拉桥结构体系可以有效提高结构刚度,减少塔墩根部以及主梁跨中的弯距。对比试验结果,提出了最佳的下拉索设置方案。     

斜拉桥肋板式主梁剪力滞效应研究

大跨度斜拉桥剪力滞效应十分突出,在设计和施工过程中应考虑剪力滞效应的影响。根据能量变分原理,推导出肋板式主梁截面的剪力滞系数简易计算公式。以某460米主跨预应力混凝土斜拉桥为研究对象,采用大型空间有限元分析程序MIDAS FEA 3.3进行三维实体有限元数值分析,并与通过能量变分法计算得到的剪力滞系数比较发现,宽度较大的肋板式主梁剪力滞效应突出,且跨中处截面剪力滞系数小,而塔根处的截面剪力滞系数大,在设计和施工过程中应采取必要的措施保证结构安全。     

水电站斜拉门机小车液压驱动机构研究

水电站双向门式启闭机的小车液压驱动机构的设计关键,是保持驱动小车的两侧液压缸同步运行,并采取措施防止活塞杆产生挠度和弯扭变形.液压管路对称布置,减少了管路对双缸同步的影响;液压系统采用“调速阀+旁路泄油纠偏回路”同步控制方式;关节轴承和滑动轴承组合采用铰接结构和抗挠托架,实现了液压缸对外界产生的挠、弯、扭作用的自适应.工程实践证明:小车液压驱动机构运行平稳、同步控制准确、无啃轨现象,满足实际工况需要.     

大跨度斜拉桥索塔锚固区应力分析

斜拉桥拉索锚固区是索塔受力的关键部位,在斜拉索大吨位拉力及预应力共同作用下,受力十分复杂,保证其结构安全、受力合理是斜拉桥建造过程中的关键问题.运用实体有限元方法对某斜拉桥索塔锚固区进行空间应力分析,对比分析了3种不同工况下锚固区的受力特点及应力分布规律.分析结果表明,采用环向井字形的水平预应力束配置形式是合理的;在1 265 MPa的张拉控制应力下,各铜束应力都已经相当接近1 116 MPa,说明了预应力钢束的强度已经充分发挥,不宜再提高张拉控制力.     

Estimating extreme temperature differences in steel box girder using long-term measurement data

The extreme temperature differences in fiat steel box girder of a cable-stayed bridge were studied.Firstly,by using the long-term measurement data collected by the structural health monitoring system installed on the Runyang Cable-stayed Bridge,the daily variations as well as seasonal ones of measured temperature differences in the box girder cross-section area were summarized.The probability distribution models of temperature differences were further established and the extreme temperature differences were estimated with a return period of 100 years.Finally,the temperature difference models in cross-section area were proposed for bridge thermal design.The results show that horizontal temperature differences in top plate and vertical temperature differences between top plate and bottom plate are considerable.All the positive and negative temperature differences can be described by the weighted sum of two Weibull distributions.The maximum positive and negative horizontal temperature differences in top plate are 10.30 ℃ and -13.80 ℃,respectively.And the maximum positive and negative vertical temperature differences between top plate and bottom plate are 17.30 ℃ and-3.70 ℃,respectively.For bridge thermal design,there are two vertical temperature difference models between top plate and bottom plate,and six horizontal temperature difference models in top plate.     

三塔斜拉-自锚式悬索组合体系桥成桥阶段活载模型试验研究

为研究三塔斜拉-自锚式悬索组合体系桥在成桥阶段活荷载作用下的结构受力性能,依据相似理论,制作了1∶20的全桥缩尺模型。利用模型试验研究了该体系桥在对称与非对称荷载作用下的结构力学特性,对加劲梁、吊杆、拉索、主塔与副塔的力学行为进行了分析。结果表明:在成桥阶段活载作用下,模型桥对称性较好、刚度较大、抗弯扭性能较好;模型桥能较准确地反映实桥的受力特性,所测得的试验数据,已成功用于指导实桥设计;理论计算值和实桥换算值与试验实测值吻合较好;模型桥及实桥均满足规范要求,该体系桥梁在使用阶段安全可靠。     

连续多跨矮塔斜拉桥力学性能分析

以开封黄河二桥主桥为研究对象,采用有限元程序Midas/civil对该桥进行了力学性能分析.计算结果表明:由于该桥塔高与跨径之比较大,斜拉索承担较多的竖向荷载,能有效降低主梁支点截面的高度和内力;主梁的内力与变形表现为多跨连续梁的受力特点,主梁基本全截面受压,轴力分布较为均匀,在桥塔根部支点处出现较大正弯矩,跨中出现负弯矩;主梁刚度较大,整体变形以向上为主,变形量较小;主塔只起到拉索转向块的作用,纵向受力较小,故各塔顶纵桥向位移较小,在中等跨径范围内,可采用多跨矮塔斜拉桥方案解决普通多跨斜拉桥的刚度问题;每根塔柱两侧拉索的拉力由内向外依次小幅增大,总体分布均匀,边跨索索力最大,活载作用引起的拉索应力增幅较小;桥梁结构在非对称活载作用下的受力更为不利;各构件控制截面应力及变形均在桥梁设计规范规定范围内,且具有足够的安全储备,桥梁结构受力合理.     

单向坡斜拉桥体系转换分析与控制措施

利用ANSYS程序的APDL建立了彭溪河特大桥的平面有限元模型,分析单向坡在体系转换中对结构内力和位移的影响,认为单向纵坡斜拉桥内力分布呈非对称性,因此在体系转换时主梁易受到不平衡力的冲击.在此基础上,提出了减小单向纵坡对其体系转换影响的控制措施.     

Wavelet-Hybrid Feedback Linear Mean Squared Algorithm for Robust Control of Cable-Stayed Bridges

Cable-stayed bridges are flexible structures, and control of their vibrations is an important consideration and a challenging problem. In this paper, the wavelet-hybrid feedback least mean squared algorithm recently developed by the writers is used for vibration control of cable-stayed bridges under various seismic excitations. The effectiveness of the algorithm is investigated through numerical simulation using a benchmark control problem created based on an actual semifan-type cable-stayed bridge design. The performance of the algorithm is compared with that of a sample linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) controller using three different earthquake records: the El Centro (California, 1940), Mexico City (Mexico, 1985), and Gebze (Turkey, 1999) earthquakes. Simulation results demonstrate that the new algorithm is consistently more effective than the sample LQG controller for all three earthquake records. Additional numerical simulations are performed to evaluate the sensitivity of the new control algorithm. It is concluded that the algorithm is robust against the uncertainties existing in modeling structures.