有机硅改性聚氨酯预聚体的制备及表征

以聚己二酸乙二醇酯、甲苯-2．4二异氰酸酯、二元醇、羟基硅油为主要原料,合成有机硅改性聚氨酯密封剂预聚体。用红外光谱法对其结构进行表征,同时测定预聚体的物理性能。结果表明．合成的聚氨酯密封剂预聚体受环境温度、空气湿度影响小,存放时间长,因此提高了密封胶力学性能。     

3，4-二氢吡咯[2，1-c][1，4]噘嗪-1-酮及其7-芳酰基衍生物的设计与合成

以2-吡咯基三氯乙酮为主要原料,经过乙二醇单酯化、羟基氯取代、环合三步反应制得了3,4-二氢吡咯[2,1-c][1,4]噁嗪-1-酮;又经过Friedel—Crafts酰基化和环合反应制得了未见文献报道的7-芳酰基-3,4-二氢吡咯[2,1-c][1,4]噁嗪-1-酮它们及其某些重要中间体的结构分别采用红外光谱、质谱、核磁共振氢谱、核磁共振碳谱以及高分辨率质谱进行了表征．     

产高温碱性蛋白酶菌株筛选及酶学性质研究

从高温堆肥土样中筛选到一株高产蛋白酶的菌株,经鉴定为Bacillus subtilis,命名为I15.对最适产酶发酵条件进行了优化,并研究了发酵产蛋白酶的酶学性质.结果表明,玉米淀粉和豆饼粉是该菌发酵产蛋白酶的最适经济碳氮源;该蛋白酶属高温碱性蛋白酶,具有很强的热稳定性和酸碱稳定性.另外,突出的性质是该蛋白酶对表面活性剂和温和型去垢剂具有超强的耐受性,将具有广阔的市场前景.     

山地城市径流污染特征分析

以重庆主城某大学校园为例,对路面、屋面和绿地等3种典型的城市下垫面径流水质进行了监测,指标包括pH、悬浮固体（SS）、化学需氧量（COD）、氨氮（NH3-N）、总磷（TP）等。研究结果表明：除TP外主要污染物质的平均浓度均超过地表水环境Ⅴ类标准,降雨径流SS的平均浓度可高达1.73×103mg/L,COD和NH3-N平均浓度可高达76.25 mg/L和3.67 mg/L;存在显著地初期冲刷效应,混凝土路面的SS、COD、NH3-N的初期径流浓度分别为2.33×103mg/L、106.4 mg/L、5.64 mg/L,初期径流浓度相当于全场降雨径流浓度的2-4倍左右,其最高值出现在产流后10~15 min内。对比3场不同降雨强度下的径流水质,降雨强度越大,径流污染物浓度越高,其中降雨强度对大坡度路面的地表径流污染物浓度影响更大。     

Meso-四（3，4 二甲苯基）卟啉金属配合物的合成

为筛选催化环己烷氧化合成己二酸用仿生催化剂,研究了以吡咯、3,4 二甲基苯甲醛和金属盐为原料,合成一种带多个疏水性短碳链对称卟啉化合物meso-四（3,4 二甲苯基）卟啉（简称TDMPP）金属钴（Ⅱ）、铜（Ⅱ）配合物的方法,探讨了溶剂配比、反应时间、反应物的物质量浓度等对产率的影响;并利用UV Vis和IR对合成的物质结构进行了表征.结果表明合成TDMPPCo的适宜工艺参数为：v（丙酸）∶v（冰乙酸）等于2∶1;n（吡咯）∶n（3,4 甲基苯甲醛）∶n（醋酸钴）等于100∶104∶029;吡咯的物质量浓度为0.25mol/L;反应时间为50min;反应温度为125～130℃;产率达32％.合成TDMPPCu的适宜工艺参数为：v（丙酸）∶v（冰乙酸）等于3∶1,n（吡咯）∶n（3,4 甲基苯甲醛）∶n（醋酸铜）等于100∶104∶027;吡咯的物质量浓度为0.25mol/L,反应时间为50min,反应温度为130～135℃,产率达38％.     

打印机光谱特性化方法研究综述

目的 打印输出技术是目前国内外图像复制领域的主流技术。打印机特征化旨在建立打印机输入控制值与输出色彩信息值之间的对应关系,保证打印输出图像各像素色彩值的准确性。基于可见光谱的打印机特性化过程,以图像光谱信息作为打印机特性化过程中的色彩控制依据,可避免基于色度的打印输出过程所固有的同色异谱问题,实现图像色彩复制领域最高级别的无条件颜色匹配。在广泛文献调研的基础上,本文回顾了打印机光谱特性化方法各部分研究的发展历程,分析介绍了该领域主要研究内容及其研究现状,对打印机光谱特性化方法流程进行了较为全面的综述。方法 以Yule-Nielsen修正的光谱Neugebauer模型（YNSN模型）为典型代表,从打印机墨量限制方法、正向光谱预测模型、反向光谱分色模型以及色彩匹配评价度量4个方面,对目前基于可见光谱的打印机特性化方法研究情况进行了总结与归纳,并结合现有研究存在的问题对未来研究发展趋势进行了展望。结果 综合近几年该领域研究发展情况,认为目前打印机光谱特性化方法研究在墨量限制算法合理性、正反向建模精度等方面已经取得了较为理想的结果。然而,尽管已有20多年的广泛研究,鉴于光谱数据的高维性以及具体应用场景的多样性,导致准确而高效的实现光谱打印机特性化仍然是一个极具难度的问题,特别在建模效率提高、模型适用性增强、模型物理意义提升以及评价度量综合性能优化等方面,目前研究仍存在较大的研究发展空间。结论 打印机光谱特性化是实现图像色彩信息高保真打印复制的必要手段,其今后将继续在图像复制领域起到非常关键作用。然而,由于基于光谱的打印机特性化过程涉及光谱学及色度学理论、半色调呈色理论、最优化计算理论、人眼视觉机理、数字加网技术等多种理论与技术,故其研究具有一定的难度与挑战性。本文对打印机光谱特性化方法研究现状进行了较为深入的介绍与分析,意在使国内同行对该领域有一个较为全面的了解,以期引起更多研究者对该领域的关注。由于篇幅所限,许多问题未及深究。     

UHMWPE/蒙脱土纳米复合材料结构与流动性的关系

采用甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵对微米尺度的蒙脱土进行离子交换，所得有机蒙脱土与少量引发剂和超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)共混后，在双螺杆挤出机上进行反应挤出，得到了具有一定流动性能的UHM—WPE／蒙脱土纳米复合材料。该纳米复合材料熔体的流动性能较UHMWPE高出许多；用X衍射、透射电子显微镜等表征方法研究了这种纳米复合材料的相结构，通过稳态和动态流变试验研究了其流变性能与蒙脱土含量的关系，分析了UHMWPE熔体大分子解缠结机理。     

A free space frequency‐time‐domain technique for electromagnetic characterization of materials using reflection‐based measurement

In this report, a free space frequency‐time‐domain technique is presented for characterizing the electrical properties and thickness of the sample using multiple reflections and fabry‐perot resonance phenomenon. The retrieval of constitutive electromagnetic parameters of the sample has been carried out by comparing the measured reflection coefficient data from the sample at two different incident angles. The relative permittivity as well as relative permeability along with the thickness of different samples viz., beryllia, silicon, and plexiglass have been evaluated with high accuracy in the frequency range 1 to 15 GHz. The method is also experimentally validated by successfully reconstructing the unknown material properties of two different samples. The unique advantage of this method lies in non‐requirement of any prior knowledge of the sample's thickness for measuring the complex relative dielectric constant as well as relative permeability of the sample. To determine the electromagnetic properties of the sample, the sole knowledge of reflection coefficient data are needed. Moreover, the method does not involve any additional measurement for the reference calibration. The simple, cost‐effective proposed scheme is quite useful in many applications like accurate determination of signal strength in indoor wireless communication, through wall imaging, food industry, and so on.     

A practical application of photogrammetry to performing rib characterization measurements in an underground coal mine using a DSLR camera

Understanding coal mine rib behavior is important for inferring pillar loading conditions as well as ensuring the safety of miners who are regularly exposed to ribs. Due to the variability in the geometry of underground openings and ground behavior, point measurements often fail to capture the true movement of mine workings. Photogrammetry is a potentially fast, cheap, and precise supplemental measurement tool in comparison to extensometers, tape measures, or laser range meters, but its application in underground coal has been limited. The practical use of photogrammetry was tested at the Safety Research Coal Mine, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH). A commercially available, digital single-lens reflex(DSLR) camera was used to perform the photogrammetric surveys for the experiment. Several experiments were performed using different lighting conditions, distances to subject,camera settings, and photograph overlaps, with results summarized as follows: the lighting method was found to be insignificant if the scene was appropriately illuminated. It was found that the distance to the subject has a minimal impact on result accuracy, and that camera settings have a significant impact on the photogrammetric quality of images. An increasing photograph resolution was preferable when measuring plane orientations; otherwise a high point cloud density would likely be excessive. Focal ratio(F-stop) changes affect the depth of field and image quality in situations where multiple angles are necessary to survey cleat orientations. Photograph overlap is very important to proper three-dimensional reconstruction, and at least 60% overlap between photograph pairs is ideal to avoid unnecessary post-processing. The suggestions and guidelines proposed are designed to increase the quality of photogrammetry inputs and outputs as well as minimize processing time, and serve as a starting point for an underground coal photogrammetry study.     

高速移动环境下无线信道模型的性能

针对移动网络在高铁通讯时存在接收信号不稳定问题,开展了多普勒效应及多径时延对正弦波叠加(Sum-of-Sinusoid,SOS)模型、XIAO模型(Jakes仿真器)和LIU Qian模型的影响研究.分析了3种模型的信噪比、相关性以及处理信号衰减的程度,结果表明,在多普勒效应及多径时延的环境下,SOS模型的算法复杂度最低,LIU Qian模型反之,而传递函数相关性最佳,XIAO模型对接入信号的衰落程度最小;在保证传输效率、信道容量足够的前提下,LIU Qian模型中接收信号的失真程度较小,更适宜作为高速移动环境下无线信道的研究模型.