化学示踪连通试验在矿井充水条件探查中的应用

为获取地下水流速和渗透系数等水文地质参数、查清含水层水力联系、查明矿井充水条件，在内蒙古某矿设计实施了化学示踪试验。通过对国内外化学示踪试验资料整理、统计分析，总结出化学示踪剂用量与投放距离、含水层性质的经验关系式，并对本次示踪剂用量做出了评价。同时，对试验中监测点水中均未出现Cl-浓度增高现象进行了科学解释，提出类似含Cl-示踪剂中的某些离子可能被地下岩层特定矿物质吸附时，只要化学试剂中的一种离子能达到试验效果，且具有成本低、易获取等特点，即可选择其作为示踪剂的观点。     

氯化氢气体制备实验的改进

从新的角度对氯化氢气体的制备实验进行了改进,比传统实验安全,操作简便,实验现象明显直观。     

集中供热系统水处理设施的维护及新技术

对供热系统水处理设施中水过滤器、钠离子交换器(软化设备)的维护工作要点进行分析,对电磁法软化水技术进行了探讨。     

Performance Evaluation of Lithium‐Ion Batteries on Small Electric Bus

We evaluate performance of lithium‐ion batteries on the small electric bus, conducting tests of cell and battery pack using discharge/charge machine. We suggest the test item on distinction between good and bad of a battery. In the discharge/charge cycle tests of cell at environmental temperature (25 °C), the relative capacity was 60% at 10,000 cycles. In the discharge capacity test of battery packs on the small electric bus, the relative capacity maintained more than 90% in progress for approximately 900 days. Finally, based on these results, we analyzed about influence factor on a battery discharge capacity.     

Effect of Prolonged Duration of Gelatinization in Starch and Incorporation with Potassium Iodide on the Enhancement of Ionic Conductivity

Three systems of starch-based crust electrolytes were prepared using various gelatinization times, various weight percentages (wt%) of starch, and various wt% of starch incorporated into potassium iodide. All the samples were subjected to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and transference number measurements. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy shows that 1.7?wt% of starch has maximized the room temperature conductivity of the electrolyte to 1.4587?×?10^?4?S?cm^?1. The conductivity was enhanced to 4.5278?×?10^?4?S?cm^?1 on the increment of starch’s wt% from 1.7 to 3.2. This conductivity was further enhanced to 3.4609?×?10^?3?S?cm^?1 on the addition of 0.3?wt% of potassium iodide. The conductivity enhancement was found due to the formation of glucosyl carboxonium ions. The effect of longer heating time in gelatinization is attributed to the formation of glucosyl carboxonium ions. X-ray diffraction spectroscopy affirms the reduction in crystallinity of starch. Scanning electron microscopy analysis shows the porous morphology of starch electrolyte, and addition of potassium iodide shows the morphology of bean nuts like particles seated on the pores. Fourier transform infrared confirms the degradation of starch. Transference number measurements of the crust electrolyte shows that ions are the dominant conducting species. All the results are authenticating that the conductivity enhancement in starch-based crust electrolyte is due to starch and the addition of inorganic salts.     

Protein-ion Interactions: Simulations of Bovine Serum Albumin in Physiological Solutions of NaCl,KCl and LiCl

Specific interactions that depend on the nature of electrolytes are observed when proteins and other molecules are studied by potentiometric, spectroscopic and theoretical methods at high salt concentrations. More recently, it became clear that such interactions may also be observed in solutions that can be described by the Debye-Hückel theory, i.e., at physiological (0.1 mol dm⁻³) and lower concentrations. We carried out molecular dynamics simulations of bovine serum albumin in physiological solutions at T=300 and 350 K. Analysis of the simulations revealed some differences between LiCl solutions and those of NaCl and KCl. The binding of Li⁺ ions to the protein was associated with a negative free energy of interaction whereas much fewer Na⁺ and K⁺ ions were associated with the protein surface. Interestingly, unlike other proteins BSA does not show a preference to Na⁺ over K⁺. Quantum chemical calculations identified a significant contribution from polarisation to the hydration of Li⁺ and (to a lesser degree) Na⁺, which may indicate that polarisable force-fields will provide more accurate results for such systems.     

混凝土氯离子含量检测的不确定度评定

对GB/T 50344-2004建筑结构检测技术标准测定混凝土氯离子含量的过程进行研究,系统分析了整个测试过程的不确定度来源,对各因素的不确定度分量进行了量化和分析,结果表明:混凝土中氯离子含量检测的不确定度主要集中在试样分析过程中的滴定体积,其他不确定度基本可以忽略。     

A new proposed model for dielectric behavior of PVC/rice husk composites

Ecofriendly materials are becoming a need of the day. We have severe setback when there is lot of use of agro wastes in plastics. To reduce pure plastic use in agriculture, this study has been made to find some remedial measure. In the process, we sought the effect of addition of rice husk (RH) in polyvinylchloride (PVC) on the dielectric properties at different frequency and temperature has been studied. Measurements have been performed in the frequency range from 1 to 10 kHz and temperature range of 32–80°C. The experimental results show that dielectric constant (ε′) increases with the addition of RH in PVC. Dielectric constant (ε′) decreases with increasing frequency, which indicates that the major contribution to the polarization comes from orientation polarization. Dielectric constant (ε′) increases with increasing temperature due to greater freedom of movement of dipoles within PVC at higher temperatures. A theoretical model for dielectric constant with temperature and frequency dependent is proposed. Experimental results are in good agreement with the proposed theoretical model. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Comparison of adsorptive features between silver ion and silver nanoparticles on nanoporous materials

The removal of Ag⁺ or AgNPs released from nano-products or effluent of WTP is important to reduce the potential risk of AgNPs. In this work, we prepared bimodal nanoporous silica (BNS) to compare the removal efficiency of Ag⁺ and AgNP with unimodal nanoporous silica (NS). To determine the adsorption capacity of Ag⁺ and AgNPs on NS and BNS, isotherm and kinetics studies was carried out at different concentrations. The results showed BNS with a bimodal nanoporous structure and a large external surface showed a higher uptake capacity and faster adsorption rate.