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971.
Electrochemical ferrate generation for waste water treatment using cast irons with high silicon contents 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
This paper deals with the electrochemical preparation of ferrate in 15 M NaOH media, with a view to treatment of waste waters. Grey cast irons with high silicon contents were shown to allow current yields in the range 20–40% depending on the applied current density, up to 34 mA cm–2. Ferrate solutions with contents up to 0.08 M could be produced in a divided cell of simple design, and provided with flat or packed-bed electrodes. Deactivation of the anode surface was shown to be of moderate significance for hour-long runs. The ferrate produced was tested for treatment of industrial liquid wastes: coagulation efficiency of the suspended matter was comparable with that of an electrocoagulation process with sacrificial Al anodes. The potential of waste water treatment by addition of ferrate is discussed. 相似文献
972.
臭氧生物活性炭工艺处理饮用水时各阶段的特点 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
论述了臭氧生物活性炭工艺中的臭氧发生系统、臭氧尾气处理系统、臭氧预氧化及后氧化、生物活性炭滤池各阶段的应用现状及特点。指出:臭氧发生系统采用氧气为原料来提高臭氧浓度,臭氧质量分数可达6%左右;由于电加热分解臭氧尾气反应速度快,可在1.5~2s内完全分解,应是今后自来水厂臭氧尾气处理技术应用的重点;臭氧预氧化一般采用静态混合器或水射器单点投加,投加量为1~2mg/L,接触时间为1~4min;臭氧后氧化一般采用微孔曝气盘以微气泡的形式多点投加,水中臭氧余量控制在0.2~0.4mg/L,接触时间大于10min;生物活性炭滤池对苯类化合物和相对分子质量在500~1000范围内的腐殖质去除率达70%~86.7%。 相似文献
973.
The state of water in water-swollen poly(vinyl alcohol-co-itaconic acid) membranes, having various water contents from 0.31 to 0.83, was investigated by d.s.c. measurements and compared with those in water-swollen poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes. The amount of freezing water in the membranes was estimated by use of a relationship between the phase transition temperature and the enthalpy of the crystallization of supercooled water. The melting temperature of the water in the membranes immersed in urea and NaCl 0–2 mol l?1 aqueous solutions was also determined by d.s.c. analysis. The present study proposes a method for estimating the solubilities of urea and NaCl in both of the freezing and the non-freezing water using the melting point depression of the freezing water in the membranes immersed in the solute solution. 相似文献
974.
975.
Direct nitric oxide decomposition over perovskites is fairly slow and complex, its mechanism changing dramatically with temperature. Previous kinetic study for three representative compositions (La0.87Sr0.13Mn0.2Ni0.8O3−δ, La0.66Sr0.34Ni0.3Co0.7O3−δ and La0.8Sr0.2Cu0.15Fe0.85O3−δ) has shown that depending on the temperature range, the inhibition effect of oxygen either increases or decreases with temperature. This paper deals with the effect of CO2, H2O and CH4 on the nitric oxide decomposition over the same perovskites studied at a steady-state in a plug-flow reactor with 1 g catalyst and total flowrates of 50 or 100 ml/min of 2 or 5% NO. The effect of carbon dioxide (0.5–10%) was evaluated between 873 and 923 K, whereas that of H2O vapor (1.6 or 2.5%) from 723 to 923 K. Both CO2 and H2O inhibit the NO decomposition, but inhibition by CO2 is considerably stronger. For all three catalysts, these effects increase with temperature. Kinetic parameters for the inhibiting effects of CO2 and H2O over the three perovskites were determined. Addition of methane to the feed (NO/CH4=4) increases conversion of NO to N2 about two to four times, depending on the initial NO concentration and on temperature. This, however, is still much too low for practical applications. Furthermore, the rates of methane oxidation by nitric oxide over perovskites are substantially slower than those of methane oxidation by oxygen. Thus, perovskites do not seem to be suitable for catalytic selective NO reduction with methane. 相似文献
976.
Benjamin F. Myers 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1992,75(3):686-693
The hydrolysis of uranium oxycarbide (UCO) was studied by injecting water vapor into a fuel element containing a known number of high-temperature, gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) coated particles with exposed fuel kernels. The experiments were conducted in the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at temperatures between 700° and 1000°C, a system pressure of 200 kPa, and partial pressures of water vapor between 21 and 199 Pa. The general sequential response of the exposed fuel kernels to water vapor addition consisted of (1) a rapid release of stored fission gas with a concomitant increase in the steady-state release and (2) a period of constant steady-state release. Upon cessation of the addition of water vapor, a decline in the release to prehydrolysis values generally occurred. The release of stored fission gas was dependent on the square of the partial pressure of water vapor. The ratio of the constant steady-state release to the prehydrolysis value was independent of the partial pressure of water vapor. The time constant for the decline in the release was the same in all of the hydrolysis tests. 相似文献
977.
978.
Flaky monoclinic La2Ti2O7 was prepared via a hydrothermal method based on the reaction of Ti(SO4)2 and La(NO3)3. Relative to the solid-state reaction sample, the flaky La2Ti2O7 showed higher surface areas, much smaller crystal size and more efficient light absorption. All these factors led to the
higher photoactivity to produce H2 from water splitting under UV irradiation. 相似文献
979.
This work is an experimental and theoretical study of antimony speciation and the solubility of Sb2O5, Sb2O3 and Sb2(SO4)3 at 298 K in aqueous sulphuric acid solutions (0 to 6 kmol/m3). A thermodynamic model was developed to quantify the solubility products and aqueous metal speciation. Main dissolved species were H3SbO3(aq) and H3SbO4(aq). The solubility of antimony increases with increasing solution acidity and with the presence of hydrogen peroxide in the solution. The following standard equilibrium constants at 298 K were obtained: Log K0(Sb2O5) = 11.7±0.5, Log K0(Sb2O3) = 32±1, and Log K0(Sb2(SO4)3) = 55±2. 相似文献
980.
含氨废水处理技术及工艺设计方案 总被引:14,自引:1,他引:14
本文根据氮肥厂废水的特点,研究了高浓度氨氮废水的处理方法-吹脱法的除氨机理和氨氮去除率的影响因素。针对pH值和温度对氨氮去除率的影响,我们做了实验,结果表明若去除率要达到90%以上,pH值必须大于12且温度高于90C。同时可以用CaO将废水的pH值调节到12以上。最后,针对这种废水的处理设计了可行的工艺方案。 相似文献