Large-scale mapping of boreal forest in SIBERIA using ERS tandem coherence and JERS backscatter data

Siberia's boreal forests represent an economically and ecologically precious resource, a significant part of which is not monitored on a regular basis. Synthetic aperture radars (SARs), with their sensitivity to forest biomass, offer mapping capabilities that could provide valuable up-to-date information, for example about fire damage or logging activity. The European Commission SIBERIA project had the aim of mapping an area of approximately 1 million km² in Siberia using SAR data from two satellite sources: the tandem mission of the European Remote Sensing Satellites ERS-1/2 and the Japanese Earth Resource Satellite JERS-1. Mosaics of ERS tandem interferometric coherence and JERS backscattering coefficient show the wealth of information contained in these data but they also show large differences in radar response between neighbouring images. To create one homogeneous forest map, adaptive methods which are able to account for brightness changes due to environmental effects were required. In this paper an adaptive empirical model to determine growing stock volume classes using the ERS tandem coherence and the JERS backscatter data is described. For growing stock volume classes up to 80 m³/ha, accuracies of over 80% are achieved for over a hundred ERS frames at a spatial resolution of 50 m.     

Self-Deception and Emotional Coherence

This paper proposes that self-deception results from the emotional coherence of beliefs with subjective goals. We apply the HOTCO computational model of emotional coherence to simulate a rich case of self-deception from Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter.We argue that this model is more psychologically realistic than other available accounts of self-deception, and discuss related issues such as wishful thinking, intention, and the division of the self.     

鲁棒的镜头边缘检测融合算法

对于镜头骤变检测，通过最小扩展树算法(MST)提取保留了视频帧空间信息的颜色聚合向量直方图、引入了动态自适应阈值和时间阻尼，使得骤变检测效率高；对于渐变检测，通过分析其数学产生模型，根据模型特性实现渐变镜头检测；最后，采用一个良好的融合策略同时完成骤变和渐变。     

Making Beliefs Coherentl. The Subtraction and Addition Strategies.

The notion of epistemic coherence is interpreted as involving not only consistency but also stability. The problem how to consolidate a belief system, i.e., revise it so that it becomes coherent, is studied axiomatically as well as in terms of set-theoretical constructions. Representation theorems are given for subtractive consolidation (where coherence is obtained by deleting beliefs) and additive consolidation (where coherence is obtained by adding beliefs).     

On coherence, random-self-reducibility, and self-correction

We study three types of self‐reducibility that are motivated by the theory of program verification. A set A is random‐self‐reducible if one can determine whether an input x is in A by making random queries to an A‐oracle. The distribution of each query may depend only on the length of x. A set B is self‐correctable over a distribution if one can convert a program that is correct on most of the probability mass of to a probabilistic program that is correct everywhere. A set C is coherent if one can determine whether an input x is in C by asking questions to an oracle for C–{x}.?We first show that adaptive coherence is more powerful than nonadaptive coherence, even if the nonadaptive querier is nonuniform. Blum et al.(1993) showed that every random‐self‐reducible function is self‐correctable. It is unknown, however, whether self‐correctability implies random‐self‐reducibility. We show, assuming a reasonable complexity‐theoretic hypothesis, that certain hard, sparse, tally sets exist, and that there is a self‐correctable function which is not random‐self‐reducible. For easily samplable distributions, however, we show that constructing a self‐correctable function that is not random‐self‐reducible is as hard as proving that P is different from PP. Received: 14 June, 1996     

DSM系统中共享存储抽象机制的实现

虽然ＤＳＭ系统相互之间差异很大，但ＤＳＭ存在一个共同特征，即提供共享存储抽象机制。本文分析了ＤＳＭ系统共享存储抽象机制的实现，总结了各种不同的实现途径、实现细节及各自的优缺点，指出了ＤＳＭ发展的趋势及一些亟待解决的问题。     

Updating Situation Models: Reply to Zwaan and Madden (2004).

E. J. O'Brien, M. L. Rizzella, J. E. Albrecht, and J. G. Halleran (1998) demonstrated that, consistent with the memory-based text processing view, outdated or incorrect information can be reactivated through a passive resonance process. Once reactivated, this outdated information can still influence comprehension. R. A. Zwaan and C. J. Madden (2004) suggested that the O'Brien et al. findings resulted from problems with the materials used. The present authors show that the possible "problems" identified by Zwaan and Madden do not adequately explain the findings of O'Brien et al. and that Zwaan and Madden's Experiment 3 lacks sufficient control or power to support their alternative interpretation of O'Brien et al. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

片上多核处理器共享末级缓存动静结合地址映射机制

片上多核处理器(CMP)通常采用私有或者共享的末级高速缓存(cache)结构,而共享末级cache一般使用静态地址映射机制。该机制将各处理器临时私有访问的数据映射于分布在其他处理器的末级cache中,使得各处理器对临时私有数据的访问延时增加。针对该问题,提出了一种动静结合的共享末级cache地址映射方法。该方法可将原来静态映射于其他处理器末级cache中的临时私有数据动态映射于访问者处理器的本地末级cache中,减少了大量静态映射所造成的长延时非本地末级cache访问,从而有效降低了整个共享末级cache的访问延时,在提高性能的同时降低了功耗和带宽使用。实验结果表明,动静结合的地址映射方式应用于采用环连接互连结构和侦听顺序环协议的CMP结构时,可获得的平均性能提升为9%,最大性能提升为38%。     

内燃动车垂向振动较大的原因分析

针对某型号内燃动车进行振动测试，通过分析悬挂部件之间的振动传递、测点之间的相干性及振动频率关系得出静压泵振动和车体局部的弹性振动是导致内燃动车车体地板垂向加速度较大的原因。     

Structural Abnormalities of the Optic Nerve and Retina in Huntington’s Disease Pre-Clinical and Clinical Settings

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by a polyglutamine expansion in the huntingtin protein. HD-related pathological remodelling has been reported in HD mouse models and HD carriers. In this study, we studied structural abnormalities in the optic nerve by employing Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) in pre-symptomatic HD carriers of Caucasian origin. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was used to investigate ultrastructural changes in the optic nerve of the well-established R6/2 mouse model at the symptomatic stage of the disease. We found that pre-symptomatic HD carriers displayed a significant reduction in the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness, including specific quadrants: superior, inferior and temporal, but not nasal. There were no other significant irregularities in the GCC layer, at the macula level and in the optic disc morphology. The ultrastructural analysis of the optic nerve in R6/2 mice revealed a significant thinning of the myelin sheaths, with a lamellar separation of the myelin, and a presence of myelonoid bodies. We also found a significant reduction in the thickness of myelin sheaths in peripheral nerves within the choroids area. Those ultrastructural abnormalities were also observed in HD photoreceptor cells that contained severely damaged membrane disks, with evident vacuolisation and swelling. Moreover, the outer segment of retinal layers showed a progressive disintegration. Our study explored structural changes of the optic nerve in pre- and clinical settings and opens new avenues for the potential development of biomarkers that would be of great interest in HD gene therapies.