Delay composition in preemptive and non-preemptive real-time pipelines

Uniprocessor schedulability theory made great strides, in part, due to the simplicity of composing the delay of a job from the execution times of higher-priority jobs that preempt it. In this paper, we bound the end-to-end delay of a job in a multistage pipeline as a function of job execution times on different stages under preemptive as well as non-preemptive scheduling. We show that the end-to-end delay is bounded by that of a single virtual “bottleneck” stage plus a small additive component. This contribution effectively transforms the pipeline into a single stage system. The wealth of schedulability analysis techniques derived for uniprocessors can then be applied to decide the schedulability of the pipeline. The transformation does not require imposing artificial per-stage deadlines, but rather models the pipeline as a whole and uses the end-to-end deadlines directly in the single-stage analysis. It also does not make assumptions on job arrival patterns or periodicity and thus can be applied to periodic and aperiodic tasks alike. We show through simulations that this approach outperforms previous pipeline schedulability tests except for very short pipelines or when deadlines are sufficiently large. The reason lies in the way we account for execution overlap among stages. We discuss how previous approaches account for overlap and point out interesting differences that lead to different performance advantages in different cases. Further, we also show that in certain cases non-preemptive scheduling can result in higher system utilization than preemptive scheduling in pipelined systems. We hope that the pipeline delay composition rule, derived in this paper, may be a step towards a general schedulability analysis foundation for large distributed systems.

Automatic composition of broadcast sports video

This study examines an automatic broadcast soccer video composition system. The research is important as the ability to automatically compose broadcast sports video will not only improve broadcast video generation efficiency, but also provides the possibility to customize sports video broadcasting. We present a novel approach to the two major issues required in the system’s implementation, specifically the camera view selection/switching module and the automatic replay generation module. In our implementation, we use multi-modal framework to perform video content analysis, event and event boundary detection from the raw unedited main/sub-camera captures. This framework explores the possible cues using mid-level representations to bridge the gap between low-level features and high-level semantics. The video content analysis results are utilized for camera view selection/switching in the generated video composition, and the event detection results and mid-level representations are used to generate replays which are automatically inserted into the broadcast soccer video. Our experimental results are promising and found to be comparable to those generated by broadcast professionals.     

基于渐进约束违背删除策略的服务合成执行路径优化

在面向服务计算领域,服务合成正成为分布异构资源整合、业务集成的一个新型计算模式。在开放互联的因特网环境下,由于存在多个功能相似但服务质量不同的服务提供商,从而导致一个抽象的服务合成方案存在多条可执行路径。然而,在满足用户综合QoS约束需求的情况下,如何有效协同单个服务的QoS从多条候选路径选出一条优化的执行路径,便成为服务合成QoS研究中的一个关键问题。遗憾的是,该问题还没有得到很好的解决。为此,我们提出一个采取渐进约束违背删除策略建立优化执行路径的方法。我们的方法能够避免探测多条执行路径,而是在靠本地最优化策略建立的执行路径上,通过全局QoS计算和QoS约束检查模型找出QoS约束违背,并进而采取渐进约束违背删除策略逐渐删除这些约束违规,并建立起一条近优的执行路径。实验表明,我们的方法很好地降低了建立优化执行路径的时间复杂性。     

源程序的非编译成份的度量

非编译成份包括注释、程序书写风格和命名规则等几个部分,其中程序书写风格可分为空白行、行缩进和换行等。合理地使用非编译成份,可以提高程序的可读性、可理解性、可修改性、可维护性等质量特性。然而,只有高质量的非编译成份才能起到期望的效果。本文旨在提出一种非编译成份的评价方法,促进这些成份质量的提高。在介绍每一种非编译成份后,分别提出了针对这些成份的度量方法。最后,采用加权合成的方式,得到非编译成份的整体度量。     

基于支持向量机的红细胞彩色图像分割

对红细胞进行精确的分割并统计各类参数在临床医学中有着重要的意义,但现有经典算法很难实现自动分割并获得较高准确率。红细胞的分割主要有两个难点：一是红细胞的目标提取;二是重叠红细胞的分割。本文首先利用SVM对原始图像进行红细胞提取,把原始细胞分割成红细胞和背景两类目标区域,然后对红细胞区域进行重叠分割（本文中使用改进距离标记的分水岭算法）,最终得到各个红细胞的统计数据。为获得最佳的分割效果,本文通过实验对核函数、支持向量类型及相关参数进行了详细的比较和分析。实验结果表明,该算法能有效、快捷、准确、全自动的实现     

交通控制系统理论与关键技术影响分析

为了陈述清楚交通控制系统及其关键技术,通过对于交通系统特性的阐述,陈述了交通控制系统中的一些技术,结合控制系统中的闭环控制特性及其对非线性系统的控制作用,针对交通系统的鲁棒性,系统性和一定程度的自适应性,指出智能控制技术中的Agent控制在交通控制中的应用。该技术的引入,可以在一定程度上为交通问题解决提供一种新的思路和方式。     

构件组装技术在虚拟实验室中的应用研究

基于构件的软件复用技术是实现软件工程化开发和工业化生产的重要途径,其中构件的集成组装是关键。目前虽然提出了许多构件组装理论,但如何在特定领域根据实际要求实施基于构件组装的软件开发过程仍是值得进一步研究的课题。本文针对计算机硬件类虚拟实验室芯片设备复杂多样、难于开发的问题,在深入分析芯片工作原理与结构特征的基础上,提出一种基于数据驱动的构件组装方法。该方法通过充分重用已有芯片构件以可视化组装的方式开发新芯片构件及建模实验,从而有效提高了开发效率同时软件具有很好的易维护性和可扩展性。     

SPSS统计软件中的因子分析法在医学科研中的应用

首先介绍了因子分析理论及分析步骤,然后,通过举例介绍了如何利用SPSS来完成对健康人生化检查结果的因子分析,根据分析出的结果进行评价,以确定检验人是否健康的最适标准的模型。     

通风网络区域划分算法与程序实现

通风网络风道之间的风量依从关系对于通风网络的合理性分析具有重要意义。对于任意复杂的通风网络系统,有时很难从图形上直接判断出任意2条风道之间的风量依从关系。文章提出了通风网络任意风道影响区和依赖区的概念,指出其可用于任意风道之间的风量依从关系的分析;介绍了通风网络各风道依赖区、影响区划分方法以及任意风道之间归属度和依赖度计算方法,并采用C#语言编制了程序;最后用实例验证了文中所论及算法的正确性。