试论翻译中的文化补偿

本文论述了文化补偿的四种方法.由于原语和目的语文化之间存在的差异性和不对应性,译者应在忠实于原文的基础上,采用必要的补偿手段,以充分传达原文信息,在原语和译语之间取得最大限度的等值.     

群策式智能多联机末端在大学教学楼的设计应用与分析

建筑能耗占全国能耗比重较大,中央空调在公共建筑中使用广泛,滥用无管理使得公共建筑夏季空调能耗很高。本文针对大学中多联机中央空调系统以末端智能调控系统控制策略方向为目的进行基于群策控制智能末端控制改造,达到节能的目的。通过单片机对空调控制面板进行电信号控制,数据判断及传输通过总服务器进行计算。控制方式采用自动控制与群策相结合,由微信公众号进行查询及发送命令,通过网络传输和数据库相连。数据库录入空调系统使用教室信息、工作及学习时段表等相关数据。从调研、设计、模拟来看,节能效果显著,最理想节能量可达84%,在调研过程中大部分学生对此可接受。     

明晰化功能探讨——以中德口译交替传译为例

口译过程中的明晰化现象提示了翻译具有的阐释性。本文以中德语境文化差异出发,通过案例研究,探讨了中译明晰化的三种功能,即语境的补充功能语、语法规范化功能和强调功能。这三种功能有助于译语听众更深入理解原语含意,但也容易使译语变得冗长。     

光伏发电项目风险投资决策方法

分析了光伏发电项目的投资风险,梳理了常规的投资风险度量方法和发电项目投资决策方法,并对近期国内外研究现状和成果进行了综述,以期得到一种更加可行的光伏发电项目投资决策方法。     

话语标记语在法庭问答中的语境制约作用

在交际过程中,为了让听话人更好地理解话语,说话人可以向听话人提供明示导向的话语标记,从而对一系列的语境假设加以制约以减少听话人处理话语所需付出的努力。以关联理论为框架,通过对一份近五万字的法庭庭审语料进行分析,阐述了话语标记语对语境的制约作用主要表现在三个方面,即加强现时语境、消除现时语境以及产生新的语境暗含。     

A framework for assessing economic and environmental benefits from transmission line rehabilitation investments

The analytical challenges in the evaluation of the impacts of transmission line investments have vexed practitioners and energy regulators. This study provides a compact analytical framework to improve the accuracy and predictability of such impacts from transmission line rehabilitation investments. The proposed approach is suitable for the evaluation of projects that are implemented in a broken electricity network. In such cases, the demand for electricity is deterred and the supply of the electricity is unreliable.     

基于改进三角模糊VIKOR法的用户储能系统配置方案综合评估

针对不确定环境下用户储能系统配置方案评估决策,提出一种基于改进三角模糊多准则妥协解排序(VIKOR)法的评估模型。首先,运用扎根理论构建评估指标集,并采用灰色关联-粗糙集方法进行指标筛选,形成评估指标体系。然后,采用主、客观相结合的方法计算指标组合权重,以提高其准确性,其中主观权重由模糊层次分析(FAHP)法求得,客观赋权法由改进标准间重要性相关性(CRITIC)法求得。最后,考虑指标之间的冲突性与模糊性,运用改进三角模糊VIKOR法对配置方案评估与排序比选。通过仿真分析,验证了本文所建模型的有效性和可行性。     

Supply chain optimisation for the process industries: Advances and opportunities

Supply chain management and optimisation is a critical aspect of modern enterprises and a flourishing research area. This paper presents a critical review of methodologies for enhancing the decision-making for process industry supply chains towards the development of optimal infrastructures (assets and network) and planning. The presence of uncertainty within supply chains is discussed as an important issue for efficient capacity utilisation and robust infrastructure decisions. The incorporation of business/financial and sustainability aspects is also considered and future challenges are identified.     

A contextual change account of the directed forgetting effect.

The authors propose that the costs and benefits of directed forgetting in the list method result from an internal context change that occurs between the presentations of 2 lists in response to a "forget" instruction. In Experiment 1 of this study, costs and benefits akin to those found in directed forgetting were obtained in the absence of a forget instruction by a direct manipulation of cognitive context change. Experiment 2 of this study replicated those findings using a different cognitive context manipulation and investigated the effects of context reinstatement at the time of recall. Context reinstatement reduced the memorial costs and benefits of context change in the condition where context had been manipulated and in the standard forget condition. The results are consistent with a context change account of directed forgetting. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Determinants of farmers’ decision to adopt or not adopt inorganic fertilizer in the savannas of northern Nigeria

Soil nutrient deficiency has hampered increased agricultural production in the savannas of northern Nigeria. It has been observed that inorganic fertilizer (IF) has the potential to reverse the situation. However, low adoption among the farmers has characterized IF in the savannas of northern Nigeria. The application rates have also fallen far lower than the rate recommended by research and extension, resulting in low crop yields. This paper investigates the factors that influence farmers' decision to adopt or not to adopt IF and to evaluate the elasticity of adoption. This information will help to prioritize the factors that affect IF adoption decisions and suggest pathways for effective promotion of IF. About 49% of the survey farmers adopted IF and the application rate ranges from 5.6 to 64.4 kg ha^–1 (with a mean of 24.1 kg ha^–1). The probability of adoption increases with increased targeting of: farmers from the Guinea savanna agroecological zone, younger farmers, better educated farmers, food secure farmers and net sellers of food grains, farmers who have diversified into many crops, farmers who perceive increase in the fertilizer needs of their crops, and farmers who apply large quantities of organic manure. Among others, the estimates of elasticity of adoption indicate that a 1% increase in the number of farmers who perceive an increase in the fertilizer needs of their crops results in 3.23% increase in the probability of IF adoption. The paper concludes with policy implications for strategies aimed at promoting IF in the savannas of Nigeria and similar ecologies elsewhere.