脉冲给药系统用于哮喘及心血管疾病研究进展

脉冲释药系统是一种根据临床治疗需要定时释放药物的剂型，可用来治疗某些节律性发作的疾病。脉冲制剂可提高药物的生物利用度，减少给药次数，并避免受体因长时间高血药浓度产生耐药性。本文介绍了脉冲给药系统在哮喘和心血管疾病方面的临床应用进展。     

国内医院近年来中药不良反应文献分析

目的了解近年国内中药不良反应的情况和报告现状。方法通过CNKD数据文献检索,归纳、分析文献报道中各医疗机构或地区的中药ADR数据。结果中药ADR发生率在总ADR中占一定比例,注射给药、联合用药、特殊人群比例较大。结论中药的ADR不可忽视。应控制、减少中药制剂生产、保管、使用各个环节产生ADR的因素。     

Combination of cytomegalovirus enhancer with human cellular promoters for gene-induced chondrogenesis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

High-expression plasmid vectors for human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were constructed by combination of cytomegalovirus immediate-early enhancer with cellular promoters. MSCs transfected with the vector showed higher transgene production of a cytokine, which increased the differentiation level to chondrocytes.     

Early-lactation extended pirlimycin therapy against naturally acquired Staphylococcus aureus intramammary infections in heifers: A randomized controlled trial

The primary objective of the current study was to evaluate cure rate following an early-lactation extended intramammary pirlimycin treatment on heifers naturally infected by Staphylococcus aureus. The secondary objective was to assess Petrifilm Staph Express (3M Microbiology, St. Paul, MN) count plate characteristics when used in a protocol for early-lactation detection of infected quarters in heifers. Milk samples were collected from heifers (n = 946) in the first few days following calving (mean = 5 d). Heifers with laboratory-confirmed S. aureus intramammary infection (n = 72) were randomly allocated into 2 groups. The treatment group (n = 54 quarters from 38 heifers) received an intramammary infusion of 50 mg of pirlimycin once per day for 8 consecutive days in infected quarters. The control group (n = 44 quarters from 34 heifers) did not receive any treatment. Treatment success was defined as having negative culture results for S. aureus in all 3 post-treatment quarter milk samples collected on d 17, 24, and 31 post-treatment. Treatment group mammary quarters showed a statistically significant higher cure rate (64.8%) compared with the control group (34.1%). A total of 38% of quarters identified as S. aureus-positive using the Petrifilm Staph Express count plate were in fact identified as non-aureus staphylococci on routine laboratory-based bacteriological culture. The current study demonstrates that a higher cure rate for S. aureus IMI can be achieved in dairy heifers if an extended treatment protocol is put in place soon after calving. Use of Petrifilm Staph Express count plate for identification of S. aureus-infected heifers could lead to unnecessary treatments because of false-positive results.     

免疫分析技术在食品农残药残检测方面的应用

介绍了酶免疫分析技术的简单分类;并叙述了酶免疫技术、放射免疫技术、金免疫技术等免疫学分析技术在食品中农药残留、药物残留检测方面的应用。     

5味收涩药对奶牛乳腺炎病原菌体外抗菌活性的比较

采用琼脂平板二倍稀释法测定了诃子等5味收涩药对15个种属33种120株奶牛乳腺炎病原菌的最低抑菌浓度,统计分析了它们对葡萄球菌、链球菌、大肠埃希菌、阴沟肠杆菌和单胞菌等共11个种属的MIC50和MIC90,并采用SPSS17.0软件中单因素方差分析法比较分析了5味收涩药分别对葡萄球菌、鲁氏不动杆菌和芽孢杆菌等11个种属菌株押菌活性的强弱.结果表明,5味收涩药对受试菌均有较强的抗菌活性,总体以诃子的抗菌活性最强,其次为乌梅和石榴皮,再次为五味子,活性最差为山茱萸;且5味收涩药对革兰氏阳性菌的抗菌活性较对革兰氏阴性菌的活性强.     

The intestinal microbiota and its modulation for Salmonella control in chickens

Salmonella control has been one of the major tasks in poultry production to ensure poultry food safety. Effective control is difficult due to the numerous potential sources of Salmonella infection and product contamination in integrated poultry enterprises. In addition, the lack of clinical symptoms of infection in poultry further increases the challenge of achieving proper control. The chicken intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the host health and its modulation has achieved considerable success in the past to reduce Salmonella contamination at the farm level. The use of pro/prebiotics has been the major approach in modulating the microbiota. There is increased consumer pressure demanding the reduction of antibiotics in feed and elimination of Salmonella from poultry and their products. Modulation of the chicken intestinal microbiota continues to offer an attractive option for natural control and sustainable chicken production. In this article, the role of intestinal microbiota in chicken health and the progress in microbiota modulation for Salmonella control have been reviewed. Major technologies for modulating intestinal microbiota, such as the use of probiotics, prebiotics, or phytobiotics (essential oils) and phage therapy that have either received much attention in research and application or demonstrated promise in the development of novel techniques for Salmonella control, are discussed. The potential and drawbacks of each of these are also critically reviewed.     

迪银片治疗银屑病临床疗效观察

目的观察迪银片治疗银屑病的临床疗效。方法30例银屑病患者,口服迪银片8周,采用PASI评分法评价治疗前后效果,并观察有无不良反应发生。结果患者痊愈率56.7%,显效率36.7%,总有效率93.3%,无明显的不良反应。结论迪银片是临床治疗银屑病的有效药物之一。     

不同提取工艺对柴胡-白芍药对药效的影响

目的比较提取工艺不同对"柴胡-白芍"药对药效作用的影响。方法通过小鼠悬尾实验、强迫游泳实验和四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤实验,评价"柴胡-白芍"药对水提、醇提工艺对药效的影响。结果传统水提工艺药效较强,所选的评价指标相当甚至优于逍遥散全方,醇提工艺药效则大为降低。结论为优选该药对提取工艺及传统方剂的进一步研究提供了科学数据。     

非病毒基因载体在肺癌基因治疗中的应用

对近年采用非病毒载体(裸DNA、阳离子聚合物、阳离子脂质体)治疗肺癌的基本原理和研究进展作一综述。此法有望成为治疗肺癌的新方案。