Simulation of Fatigue Stiffness Degradation in Prestressed Concrete Beams under Cyclic Loading

In order to investigate and research the fatigue cracking of prestressed concrete fatigue properties and loading and stiffness degeneration process,cyclic loading tests were carried out on six prestressed concrete beams and the stiffness degradation under fatigue was investigated. A simulation model of stiffness degradation is proposed based on the stiffness analysis of the fatigue-damaged section. The elastic modulus of damaged concrete and the effective residual area of steel were introduced as well as an adjusted three-stage concrete fatigue damage evolution model. The strip method was used to analyze concrete damage due to changing stress along the depth of the beam section. The simulation and test results were compared and a method of predicting fatigue deflection was presented based on the simulation model. The predicted results were compared with that of the neural network method. It is in good agreement for the simulation results with the test results. It is only less than 5% error for the simulation model which can reveal the two-stage degradation of prestressed concrete beams under cyclic loading. It is more precise for the simulation prediction method under proper conditions.     

超声左心耳图像的轮廓自动提取

针对经食道超声左心耳图像的分辨率低、对比度低、含有斑点噪声等问题,提出了一种结合左心耳解剖位置和超声图像灰度及相位信息的方法,全自动定位常规切片中的左心耳。首先,根据医生采集习惯,以左心耳在标准切面中的解剖位置为先验知识,结合其灰度特性,自动确定分割模型中的初始轮廓;然后,通过线型加权相位和梯度信息构造新的外力项,改进向量场卷积模型,完成左心耳轮廓的自动提取。300张左心耳超声图片测试结果表明,以医生手动勾勒的轮廓作为“金标准”,该方法自动提取左心耳的准确性为0.8969 0.0494、敏感性为0.9058 0.0762、特异性为0.9645 0.1687。分割效果优于传统的向量场卷积模型,能够解决自动定位超声图像中左心耳的初始轮廓和弱边界分割的问题。     

深厚淤泥中双排钢板桩结构安全稳定性研究

针对滨海地区深厚淤泥地基中双排钢板桩围堰结构受力复杂的问题,基于土力学理论,分别从运行工况下的抗剪切变形稳定、底部抗隆稳定、整体抗滑移稳定、抗倾覆稳定以及整体滑动稳定等方面进行分析,给出了安全稳定计算公式,同时通过数学理论推导计算,给出了钢板桩最小入土深度计算公式。以浙江省某大型围垦工程水闸的双排钢板桩围堰工程为例,依据该计算公式,得出最小入土深度建议值为17.01 m,与工程实际设计值18.50 m基本一致;同时利用有限元计算软件,对该工程中双排钢板桩围堰结构进行数值模拟计算分析,并将模拟结果与钢板桩实际水平变位监测资料进行对比分析,认为该双排钢板桩围堰结构设计安全可靠,可为相关工程应用提供参考。     

悬臂梁段不同拼接方式下延性节点静力性能分析

为了解决装配式钢结构的抗震问题,提出3种适用于模块化装配式钢框架的带Z字形悬臂梁段拼接的梁柱节点,通过拼接区的滑移或者削弱梁段的塑性变形实现节点良好的延性性能.为减少强震作用对梁柱连接焊缝的破坏,对3种不同的节点提出了各自的抗震设计要求.在对3组试件进行足尺静力试验的基础上,对节点进行了单调加载有限元分析.获得了节点的弯矩-转角曲线以及节点的破坏模式,并和试验结果进行了对比,得到了接触面摩擦力和螺栓拉力的变化规律.通过推导的简化计算公式对节点的初始转动刚度、滑移荷载和屈服荷载进行了计算.结果表明:节点静力加载的破坏模式为靠近拼接区域的悬臂梁下翼缘或者削弱梁段单独或者同时发生较大的局部屈曲变形,节点在破坏前经历了充分的塑性变形,属于延性破坏,3种试件都有良好的延性性能和塑性转动能力.节点简化计算公式得到的结果和试验结果吻合良好.     

冷轧界面油膜厚度对表面形貌转印过程的影响

为研究冷连轧过程中接触界面润滑油膜厚度对表面形貌转印过程的影响,在跟踪实际生产中带钢表面形貌的基础上,结合轧辊表面磨损形貌以及润滑分析确定的界面油膜分布,建立真实表面接触的带钢形貌生成模型,用跟踪测量轧辊服役期内生产带钢表面的粗糙度对模型进行验证.利用模型分析在不同磨损状态下电火花毛化轧辊油膜厚度对转印形成带钢表面形貌的影响规律.结果表明:轧辊表面处于不同磨损状态时,带钢表面Ra的转印率随着油膜厚度的增加而减小;轧辊表面磨损后转印形成的带钢表面P_c的转印率在油膜厚度增加的初期基本保持不变,而后急剧减小.     

ISAR imaging algorithm for targets with the complex motion based on the high-order ambiguity function-Lv's distribution

In ISAR imaging for targets with the complex motion, since the azimuth high order phase terms caused by the time-varying rotation vector will deteriorate the azimuth focusing quality, the traditional RD algorithm and LFM model are not appropriate. Thereby, in the case when the received signal can be modeled as cubic phase signals (CPSs), this paper proposes an ISAR imaging algorithm based on HAF-LVD (high-order ambiguity function-Lv's distribution). First, this algorithm defines a novel double lag parametric instantaneous autocorrelation function, and then applies the scaling operator to remove the coupling and utilizes FFT to achieve the energy accumulation. Finally, the non-searching estimation of the moving parameter and the ISAR images for targets are accomplished by the obtained HAF-LVD. Because of the introduction of the scaling factor, this algorithm can flexibly deal with more changeful and hostile ISAR environment without loss of the anti-noise performance and computational efficiency. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the ISAR imaging approach.     

Intergranular oxidation of silicon in 20Cr-25Ni niobium-stabilized stainless steel at 1140–1230 K

The kinetics of intergranular oxidation of silicon in a 20Cr-25Ni Nb-stabilized stainless steel are reported, at temperatures in the range 1140–1230 K, in CO₂ at 40 bar pressure. The depth of attack increased parabolically with respect to time, with an activation energy of 335±30 kJ/mol. The mechanism of growth is discussed in terms of classical internal-oxidation theories, and an alternative explanation based on an available-space theory is developed. The internal oxidation rates in a number of different alloys are compared with diffusivities of metals in the base alloy. It is proposed that intergranular oxidation in the 20–25 Nb steel is controlled by the rate of outward diffusion of iron or chromium in the alloy.     

T91与12Cr1MoVG异种钢焊接工艺的优化

针对T91钢(马氏体)与12Cr1Mo VG钢(珠光体)异种钢在技术培训、实际焊接生产中的应用,根据生产经验以及相关实验数据,从异种钢的组织、性能、焊接性、操作要点等方面入手,进行了深入、细致的分析,提出了一套行之有效的焊接工艺,并通过实际工艺评定,得到了满意的焊接接头、性能指标,保证了T91与12Cr1Mo VG异种钢管材的焊接质量.     

Boost变换器负调电压建模分析

摘要 以电容电压作为输出反馈的Boost变换器是一个非最小相位系统,非最小相位反应引起的负调严重的影响系统的暂态性能及稳态性能。研究引起负调与变换器参数之间的关系对Boost变换器优化设计是一个关键问题。本文根据Boost变换器小信号数学模型推导给出非最小相位系统的负调电压表达式,指出衡量负调电压的两个指标：负调电压大小和负调电压峰值时间。根据负调电压表达式分析了输入电压、储能电感、占空比、占空比变化量、负载、滤波电容等参数对负调电压的影响。研究结果表明：输入电压和占空比变化量仅影响负调电压大小;储能电感、占空比、负载、滤波电容不仅影响负调的大小,同时影响负调的峰值时间。研究所得结论为Boost变换器的参数优化设计以及减小负调电压提高系统暂态性能及稳态性能提供了理论依据。仿真和实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性。     

弯曲应力作用下喷射混凝土抗碳化性能研究-研究生论坛

为了研究隧道喷射混凝土衬砌的碳化规律,采用快速碳化试验方法,研究了不同弯曲应力(0、0.25、0.5及0.75)作用下喷射混凝土及钢纤维喷射混凝土抗碳化性能,在考虑弯曲应力、钢纤维掺量、施工方式基础上对普通混凝土碳化深度预测模型进行修正。结果表明：混凝土碳化深度服从Fick第一定律,扩散系数随应力水平的增加而增加;喷射混凝土碳化深度明显小于普通混凝土,而钢纤维的加入进一步提高喷射混凝土抗碳化性能。通过对碳化后喷射混凝碳化后力学性能及微观结构进行分析,得出喷射混凝土抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度及抗折强度随着碳化深度增大而增大,且喷射混凝土中原始微气孔及裂缝中钙矾石、氢氧化钙等晶体为CaCO3晶体的成核和生长提供有利条件,碳化产物持续生成并阻塞毛细孔,使其密实度增加,力学性能增大。