基于评价主体视角的服装设计评价过程

为对现代服装设计进行科学评价,加强设计的针对性与有效性,从认识论的角度对服装设计评价活动进行分析,根据服装从产生到使用的过程对评价主体进行了划分,不同评价主体所对应的评价客体不同。经过专家访谈与消费者调研,将服装设计评价的感性认知过程划分为观察、触摸、试穿3个阶段。从3类评价主体视角出发,对不同视角下的服装设计评价过程进行研究。结果表明：在3类评价主体视角下,评价客体不同,服装设计评价过程对观察、触摸、试穿3个阶段的经历不同;3类评价主体的评价基础、评价目的、评价方式与评价重点皆存在差异。     

江宁地区火锅店锅底食品添加剂应用情况调查及对策

目的了解南京市江宁地区火锅店锅底食品添加剂的应用情况及火锅店采购人员和顾客对食品添加剂的认识,提出相关对策,为相关部门采取积极有效的措施提供理论依据。方法采用随机抽样的方法抽取江宁区20家火锅店,并对这20家火锅店食品添加剂的使用情况进行调查。同时使用自制问卷调查表调查火锅店采购人员对食品添加剂的认知情况,并采用分层整群抽样的方法调查300名消费者对食品添加剂的认知情况。结果南京市江宁地区火锅店锅底食品添加剂在调味品中的应用较为普遍。食品安全等级较低,规模较小及平均消费较低的火锅店底料中食品添加量较多;采购人员及普通消费对食品添加剂的普遍认识一般。结论相关部门应加强对火锅店的监管,采取积极有效的措施,提高火锅店采购人员及消费者对食品添加剂的认知程度。     

动态滑模控制及其在移动机器人输出跟踪中的应用

针对轮式移动机器人的输出跟踪问题,提出一种动态滑模控制方法,首先给出机器人的动力学简化模型,然后将其分解成两个低阶子系统,并给出其输出跟踪的动态滑模控制器设计方法,仿真试验表明该方法能明显地削弱滑模控制系统的抖振。     

大型洞室群稳定性分析与智能动态优化设计的数值仿真研究

 为实现数值仿真计算结果能准确反映大型洞室围岩实际力学行为,结合锦屏二级水电站地下厂房枢纽洞室群稳定性分析,在阐述大型地下洞室群数值仿真计算要点基础上,首先重点从岩体本构模型识别和力学参数识别2个方面详细介绍如何实现数值仿真计算的正确化。采用考虑空间分布协调的多元监测信息的6次岩体力学参数跟踪识别,获得锦屏二级地下厂房岩体的等效力学参数,从而通过参数反分析的方法在一定程度上证明岩体等效力学参数具有相对稳定性和可识别性。同时,结合数值模拟展现出的围岩应力、变形、塑性区等方面计算结果与工程岩体的具体地质条件和洞室群结构特点,论述锦屏二级水电站地下厂房上游高边墙变形较大、下游侧拱围岩与喷混凝土破坏、母线洞环状开裂、交叉洞口局部塌落等洞室围岩的变形与破坏机制。最后,结合锦屏二级地下厂房枢纽洞室群稳定性分析与实践的研究认识,对大型地下洞室修建中诸如结构面密集的高边墙支护问题、围岩应力集中区支护问题、工程区地下水对围岩稳定性影响等问题进行论述,并探讨如何通过数值仿真计算、现场监测与经验丰富的专业人员的有机结合来实现大型地下洞室群稳定性设计的科学化。     

对传统盐析法盐硝联产工艺的新探讨

通过对硫酸钠型卤水为原料的传统真空制盐工艺应用研究,在结合我国引进并消化的热法盐硝联产技术的成熟应用及理念的基础上,提出采用传统的热法盐析法工艺与传统的真空制盐工艺有机结合、简易可行的盐硝联产工艺。     

Response of SDOF bilinear elasto-dynamical models of cracked concrete beams for El Centro earthquake

Investigated herein are the dynamic responses of three different single degree of freedom (SDOF) bilinear dynamical models of a cracked concrete beam subjected to the El Centro earthquake. The first model is an equivalent unilinear model while the other two models have different stiffness values but differ from each other in the dependence of their damping coefficients on the sense of amplitude. All three models have the same natural period. The three models have been found to predict different response spectra for the same bilinear dynamical system. The effect of constant loading on the dynamical response of the concrete structures subjected to sinusoidal and random loading has been found to be significant for more flexible structures. Implications of these theoretical predictions for seismic design of concrete structures are discussed.     

Team mental models in action: a practice-based perspective

The concept of team mental models (TMMs) has much to offer the study of design teams. However, I argue that care needs to be taken in how the concept is applied because existing studies of TMMs tend to draw upon problematic assumptions from conventional cognitive psychology. These encourage a focus on cognition as a mainly individual, passive, and disembodied affair involving the rule-bound internal manipulation of symbols that is ill-suited to understanding the thoroughly social, dynamic, and emergent character of knowing in design teams. After outlining the main weaknesses of the cognitive tradition, I suggest a practice-based approach as a more secure position from which to study the role of TMMs in action. This reframing of the TMM concept has important implications not only for the existing cognitive-orientated literature on team dynamics but also for practice-based approaches which, to their detriment, have tended to avoid any reference to the role of cognitive frameworks in interpreting and guiding social action.     

液压/燃油管道系统的管径及其支撑的动力优化设计

建立了有、无弹性刚度支撑的液压/燃油管道系统,采用了动力优化的有限元分析方法,分析了在一个频率约束下以质量最轻为目标的管道系统,得出了管径、支撑刚度和固有频率的定量关系,提出了防止管道系统强迫共振的方法,最终为管道系统的安全性指导和设计提供了理论依据。