“过程控制系统”课程的实验教学改革

本文介绍我校"过程控制系统"课程的实验教学改革。我们的改革目的是提升学生的学习兴趣以及提高他们的专业技能综合素质,采用项目驱动和以学生为中心的方式改革实验教学内容、教学模式以及兼顾过程与结果的实验评价方式。此项改革取得了良好的教学效果。     

Design and Analysis of an Efficient Communication Strategy for Hierarchical and Highly Changing Ad-hoc Mobile Networks

In this work we introduce two practical and interesting models of ad-hoc mobile networks: (a) hierarchical ad-hoc networks, comprised of dense subnetworks of mobile users interconnected by a very fast yet limited backbone infrastructure, (b) highly changing ad-hoc networks, where the deployment area changes in a highly dynamic way and is unknown to the protocol. In such networks, we study the problem of basic communication, i.e., sending messages from a sender node to a receiver node. For highly changing networks, we investigate an efficient communication protocol exploiting the coordinated motion of a small part of an ad-hoc mobile network (the runners support) to achieve fast communication. This protocol instead of using a fixed sized support for the whole duration of the protocol, employs a support of some initial (small) size which adapts (given some time which can be made fast enough) to the actual levels of traffic and the (unknown and possibly rapidly changing) network area, by changing its size in order to converge to an optimal size, thus satisfying certain Quality of Service criteria. Using random walks theory, we show that such an adaptive approach is, for this class of ad-hoc mobile networks, significantly more efficient than a simple non-adaptive implementation of the basic runners support idea, introduced in [9,10]. For hierarchical ad-hoc networks, we establish communication by using a runners support in each lower level of the hierarchy (i.e., in each dense subnetwork), while the fast backbone provides interconnections at the upper level (i.e., between the various subnetworks). We analyze the time efficiency of this hierarchical approach. This analysis indicates that the hierarchical implementation of the support approach significantly outperforms a simple implementation of it in hierarchical ad-hoc networks. Finally, we discuss a possible combination of the two approaches above (the hierarchical and the adaptive ones) that can be useful in ad-hoc networks that are both hierarchical and highly changing. Indeed, in such cases the hierarchical nature of these networks further supports the possibility of adaptation.     

一种双叶轮动态旋流分离器的分离性能

采用数值模拟和实验相结合的方法,对研发的双叶轮动态旋流分离器性能进行系统研究。结果表明,随着涡板叶轮转速提高,装置分离效率逐渐增大,趋势逐渐平缓,最高效率可达97%以上;但是功耗会随着转速的提高呈指数增加,实验工况下推荐2100 r/min为最佳转速;涡板叶轮转速不变时,流量变化对腔体内部切向速度影响较小,使得处理量在50%~117%范围波动时,该水力旋流器都能保持较高的分离效率,效率变化在1%以内。研发的双叶轮动态旋流分离器具有分离效率高,抗流量波动能力强等特点,是一种高效的固 液分离技术。目前,相关技术装备已在我国南海文昌海上平台获得应用,效果良好。     

低渗透油田重复压裂蜡球暂堵剂性能研究

安塞低渗透油田受天然微裂缝发育的影响,人工裂缝的侧向油井见效差,油藏产量和压力分布严重不均,部分区块长期不见效,油井处于低产低效状态。重复压裂改造是否成功的关键在于能否构建新的裂缝系统。作为堵老缝压新缝的堵剂,对其性能要求：在一定温度下软化且在一定压力下易变形,即能与老裂缝中的残留固相、压裂液中的支撑剂一起形成理想封堵;有良好的粘弹性,与原油配伍好,残余在缝中的暂堵剂易返排,保证泄油通道畅通。本文通过热稳定性测试实验、与原油配伍实验、压力模拟实验、溶解速度实验及封堵与返排实验,研制并论证了油溶性蜡球粒子暂堵剂对于低渗透油田重复压裂可有效地达到上述性能要求。     

陶瓷功能梯度涂层的防垢机理研究

在对三元复合驱采油工况下抽油泵螺杆严重结垢的本质进行分析研究的基础上,采用热力学分析研究方法,以降低抽油泵螺杆表面能和改善表面摩擦性能为主要出发点,研究开发出陶瓷功能梯度涂层,其中F-W4涂层是以氧化物陶瓷为基、添加其它改性组分的表面改性涂层。对F-W4涂层的试验研究表明,这种涂层与镀铬层相比,具有表面能低、摩擦因数低、摩擦因数稳定以及基本不结垢等特点。     

Seismic Physical Modeling Technology and Its Applications

1. Introduction Seismic physical modeling technology is an important method for the research on seismic exploration theory and methods. In seismic physical experiments, the earth, mantle or field site are scaled down to physical models according to the similarity principle, and then the seismic field and its variation are observed in the laboratory for the research work on the theories and methods of the earth structure, earthquake forecasting, energy and mineral resource exploration, and engi…     

Evaluation of Atmospheric and Vacuum Residues Using Molecular Distillation and Optimization

The term atmospheric residue describes the material at the bottom of the atmospheric distillation tower having a lower boiling point limit of about 340°C; the term vacuum residue (heavy petroleum fractions) refers to the bottom of the vacuum distillation, which has an atmospheric equivalent boiling point (AEBP) above 540°C. In this work, the objective is to evaluate the behavior of different kinds of Brazilian atmospheric and vacuum residues using molecular distillation. The Falling Film Molecular Distillator was used. For the results obtained through this process, a significant range of temperature can be explored avoiding the thermal decomposition of the material. So these results are very important to the refinery decisions and improvements. The Experimental Factorial Design results showed that the temperature has more influence on the process than the feed flow rate, when a higher percentage of distillate is required.     

非均质油藏复合驱合理界面张力实验研究

针对油田三元复合驱油实际需求,通过调整活性剂、聚合物和碱的类型和配方组成,在两种具有大庆油田油藏典型地质特征的物理模型上对低活性剂浓度三元复合体系的适应性进行了实验评价。结果表明,非均质油藏三元复合驱应当兼顾扩大波及体积和提高洗油效率。将复合体系中表面活性剂和碱的浓度分别降低到0.1%和0.8%,驱替相与被驱替相间界面张力保持为0.01mN/m,并适当增大聚合物相对分子质量或增加聚合物浓度,低活性剂浓度三元复合体系驱原油的采收率可以增加20%以上。     

复合射孔枪枪身材料动态本构关系的试验研究

为确定复合射孔枪枪身材料32CrMo4钢在井下高温、高加载率工作环境下的动态性能,利用MTS试验机和分离式Hopkinson冲击压杆装置做了应变率为0.001、1000和3000/s,温度为294、373、473和573K的单轴动态压缩试验,得到32CrMo4钢各组温度及应变率下的流动应力-应变曲线。拟合得到该钢Johnson-Cook本构关系模型所需的5个参数,模型拟合曲线与试验曲线吻合。     

Integrated Inductors Modeling for Library Development and Layout Generation

In this work we propose a modification to the conventional lumped equivalent circuit model for integrated inductors. Also the widely used parametric model is modified. The proposed models expand the frequency range where the integrated inductor behavior is accurately predicted. They are useful in developing automatic tools to assist the designers in selecting and automatically laying-out integrated inductors [1]. This work is based on measurements from integrated inductors fabricated in a standard silicon process.