Review of Grief—The mourning after.

Reviews the book, Grief—The mourning after by Catherine M. Sanders (see record 1989-97503-000). This book is a respectable addition to the grief and bereavement literature. Much of its contents are derived from an important two-year longitudinal study of 115 bereaved persons who incurred the death of a close family member. The author's appreciation of standardized and well-normed instruments (e.g., Grief Experience Inventory) and appropriate research methodology gives credence to the abundance of anecdotal material. Rather than simply being repetitive of earlier contributors such as Raphael, Parkes, Rando and others, the book, for the most part, reads as a fresh contribution. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Self-description as a predictor of success or failure in foreign service clerical jobs.

In attempting to predict success or failure in various clerical jobs in the Foreign Service, how useful are responses to questions about attitudes, interests, activities, and family background? From Spring 1954 to December 1956 1183 questionnaires were collected from clerical employees. For each of these employees numerical ratings, length of service and, for those who had terminated, reasons for leaving were determined. "Seven behavioral elements which related to ways of responding to authority, ways for dealing with people, and level of use of intellect appeared to be suggested by the data. It seems likely that the effectiveness of the questionnaire can be improved by redesigning it specifically to measure the behavioral style and capability elements which have emerged from this study." From Psyc Abstracts 36:02:2LD16W. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effects of maternal employment on lower-class boys.

Repeated direct observations of 149 boys from 140 intact, lower-class families during a period of approximately 5 years were used to check differences in family structure and child rearing techniques of 45 working and 95 nonworking mothers. Comparisons showed no statistically significant differences in social status, father's stability, parental dominance, or emotional tone of parental interaction. The effect of maternal employment on personality development seemed largely dependent on the family milieu: (a) In stable homes, maternal employment appears to decrease the father's status and sibling rivalry and to increase sexual anxiety. (b) In unstable homes, maternal employment tends to decrease the father's status and sibling rivalry while increasing dependency and criminality. The authors conclude that maternal employment has different meanings to the child in stable as compared to unstable homes: in the former, it appears only to equalize status between the sexes and make sex role adjustment more difficult; in the latter, it may be interpreted by the child as rejection. (21 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Applied Research: Variations on a Theme.

Describes problems in applying research to solve practical problems. After describing problems with applied research the author notes that some situationally centered research is paying off. The author contents that a program of research on research translations is called for. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Structural analysis of glucoamylase encoded by the STA1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (var. diastaticus)

The sequence of the STA1-encoded glucoamylase of amylolytic Saccharomyces cerevisiae (var. diastaticus) strains shows two well-defined regions: an amino-terminal part rich in serine and threonine residues and a carboxy-terminal part very similar to the catalytic domain of other fungal glucoamylases. A version of the enzyme in which most of the amino-terminal region was deleted still has glucoamylase activity, indicating that the remaining carboxy-terminal part forms a functional catalytic domain. Homology-based models of the two parts of the protein have been obtained. As expected, the shortened form of the enzyme is very similar to the catalytic domain of related glucoamylases of known structure. However, the amino-terminal part yielded a structure revealing an unexpected similarity to bacterial invasins, suggesting functional connections between several yeast proteins homologous to STA1-encoded glucoamylase and invasins. A characteristic of Saccharomyces glucoamylase in its native form is its extreme degree of glycosylation. Despite its high molecular mass (about 300 kDa), and in contrast with what occurs with other extracellular glycoproteins produced by yeast, the enzyme does not remain attached to the cell wall, being fully and efficiently secreted into the medium, even when it is produced in large amounts by overexpression of its gene.     

"十五"期间我国几种电机用电刷市场预测

通过对我国“十五”期间钢铁工业、家电行业和汽车工业的市场分析,采用统计推理方法,预测“十五”期间我国轧钢机用电刷,家电用微电机电刷及汽车电机用电刷的需求量。     

Family functioning and mood disorders: A comparison between patients with major depressive disorder and bipolar I disorder.

Within a sample of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD; n = 121) and bipolar affective disorder (BPAD; n = 69), the authors examined (a) diagnostic differences in family functioning at acute episode, (b) diagnostic differences in family functioning at episode recovery, (c) within-group changes in family functioning from acute episode to recovery, and (d) whether within-group changes from acute episode to recovery varied by diagnosis. Using a multidimensional model, the authors evaluated interviewer, patient, and family ratings. Overall, patients with MDD and BPAD evidenced similar levels of family impairment at acute episode and recovery. Generally, patients in both groups experienced improvement in family functioning over time, yet mean scores at recovery continued to range from fair to poor. Although certain specific differences emerged, diagnostic groups appeared to be more similar than different in level and pattern of family functioning. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Mood reactivity to daily negative events in early adolescence: Relationship to risk for psychopathology.

Emotional responses to negative daily experiences in young adolescents may provide important clues to the development of psychopathology, but research is lacking. This study assessed momentary mood reactivity to daily events as a function of risk profile in a school sample, ages 11-14. High-risk (HR, n = 25) and low-risk (LR, n = 106) subgroups completed frequent self-reports of mood and events for 5 days. HR adolescents reported more negative events involving family and peers. Multilevel modeling results showed that negative events, especially if stressful, were associated with increased negative and decreased positive affects, with heightened responses in HR adolescents. HR adolescents with greater stress over the last 3 months showed additional increases in depressed mood following negative events. Altered reactivity to and dysfunctional appraisals of daily events may link adolescent risk profiles to later mental health problems. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Dimensions of family connectedness among adolescents with mexican, chinese, and european backgrounds.

Multiple dimensions of adolescents' connectedness with their families were investigated among 489 9th-grade students (M = 14.86 years) from families with Mexican, Chinese, and European backgrounds. Participants reported on various aspects of their family relationships and completed diary checklists of daily behaviors for a 2-week period. Adolescents from European backgrounds reported levels of family identification and dyadic closeness with parents similar to or greater than those reported by their peers. For adolescents from Mexican and Chinese backgrounds, particularly those from immigrant families, family connectedness included a stronger emphasis on family obligation and assistance. The extent to which family demographic variables, including parental level of education and residence in a single-parent family, accounted for group differences was examined. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Adolescent and parent therapeutic alliances as predictors of dropout in multidimensional family therapy.

The authors examined the relations between adolescent-therapist and mother-therapist therapeutic alliances and dropout in multidimensional family therapy for adolescents who abuse drugs. The authors rated videotapes of family therapy sessions using observational methods to identify therapist-adolescent and therapist-mother alliances in the first 2 therapy sessions. Differences in adolescent and mother alliances in families that dropped out of therapy and families that completed therapy were compared. Results indicate that both adolescent and mother alliances with the therapist discriminated between dropout and completer families. Although no differences were observed between the 2 groups in Session 1, adolescents and mothers in the dropout group demonstrated statistically significantly lower alliance scores in Session 2 than adolescents and parents in the completer group. These findings are consistent with other research that has established a relationship between therapeutic alliance and treatment response. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)