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51.
Continuous size fractionation of magnetic nanoparticles by using simulated moving bed chromatography
Carsten-Rene Arlt Dominik Brekel Stefan Neumann David Rafaja Matthias Franzreb 《Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering》2021,15(5):1346
The size fractionation of magnetic nanoparticles is a technical problem, which until today can only be solved with great effort. Nevertheless, there is an important demand for nanoparticles with sharp size distributions, for example for medical technology or sensor technology. Using magnetic chromatography, we show a promising method for fractionation of magnetic nanoparticles with respect to their size and/or magnetic properties. This was achieved by passing magnetic nanoparticles through a packed bed of fine steel spheres with which they interact magnetically because single domain ferro-/ferrimagnetic nanoparticles show a spontaneous magnetization. Since the strength of this interaction is related to particle size, the principle is suitable for size fractionation. This concept was transferred into a continuous process in this work using a so-called simulated moving bed chromatography. Applying a suspension of magnetic nanoparticles within a size range from 20 to 120 nm, the process showed a separation sharpness of up to 0.52 with recovery rates of 100%. The continuous feed stream of magnetic nanoparticles could be fractionated with a space-time-yield of up to 5 mg/(L∙min). Due to the easy scalability of continuous chromatography, the process is a promising approach for the efficient fractionation of industrially relevant amounts of magnetic nanoparticles. 相似文献
52.
近2年我国锆铪及锆化学制品雕生产、贸易及研发概况 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了我国近2年来海绵锆、锆铪制品和锆化学品的生产、进出口概况,以及重要研发进展。我国工业级海绵锆产量从2003年的100t增加到2005年的174t,2005年的销售量达到150t;锆粉与锆-铝消气剂等年产量在10t左右;锆材和锆设备年产量在100t以上;锆化学制品品种有10余种,年产量已达到20×104t。锆砂的沸腾氯化工艺、锆铪的MIBK法分离工艺、以电熔ZrO2为原料制取粗ZrCl2工艺和Al-Y复合ZrO2粉的生产工艺等的研发工作,都取得了突破性进展。 相似文献
53.
TiN/SiNx multilayer coatings were deposited on stainless steel by Chemical Vapor Deposition in a Fluidized Bed Reactor at Atmospheric Pressure (AP/FBR-CVD) by reaction of TiCl4 and SiCl4 with NH3 at 850 °C. Due to the immiscibility of crystalline TiN and amorphous SiNx, interdiffusion between layers is avoided even at the high working temperature. The thickness of the individual layer was in the nanometer range. Coatings were characterized by means of SEM, TEM, GD-OES, SIMS, XRD and nanoindentation. A mechanism for the growth rate and diffusion of Ti and Si into the steel is discussed. 相似文献
54.
55.
用MOCVD法制备铁系云母珠光颜料 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
以Fe(CO) 5为物源 ,在常压喷动流化反应器中 ,以金属有机化学气相沉积 (MOCVD)法对云母粉进行包覆 ,制备铁系 -云母珠光颜料。实验结果表明 :在沉积温度 2 5 0℃ ,氧气流量 3mL·s-1,沉积时间 5min时能得到棕色色泽的珠光颜料 ;随着沉积温度的提高和反应时间的延长 ,可获得红棕、金红、橙红、深红等不同色泽的珠光颜料。用色差仪测定颜料的明度值L 、红度值a 、黄度值b ;X衍射仪表征颜料的表面成分 ;酸滴定计算氧化物的涂覆率。探讨了温度、时间、氧量对珠光颜料表面成分和珠光光泽的影响 相似文献
56.
A predictive model was developed for the fully developed zone of a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) riser reactor operating in the fast fluidization regime that overcomes limitations of existing models. The model accounts for the upward flow of gas and solids in the core and downward flow of the two phases in the annulus. Additionally, a numerical solution methodology for the simulation of a riser reactor employing the hydrodynamic model was devised. A simulation was performed using the fast, main Claus reaction to demonstrate the effects of backmixing in the fast fluidization regime. It was found that the molar flow rates of the reactants leaving a fast fluidized CFB riser reactor were significantly higher than those leaving an identical reactor operating in the pneumatic transport regime. 相似文献
57.
Anders?Falk?VikbjergEmail author Lifeng?Peng Huiling?Mu Xuebing?Xu 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2005,82(4):237-242
The possibilities of producing structured phospholipids between soybean phospholipids and caprylic acid by lipase-catalyzed
acidolysis were examined in continuous packedbed enzyme reactors. Acidolysis reactions were performed in both a solvent system
and a solvent-free system with the commercially immobilized lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosa (Lipozyme TL IM) as catalyst. In the packed bed reactors, different parameters for the lipase-catalyzed acidolysis were elucidated,
such as solvent ratio (solvent system), temperature, substrate ratio, residence time, water content, and operation stability.
The water content was observed to be very crucial for the acidolysis reaction in packed bed reactors. If no water was added
to the substrate during reactions under the solvent-free system, very low incorporation corporation of caprylic acid was observed.
In both solvent and solvent-free systems, acyl incorporation was favored by a high substrate ratio between acyl donor and
phospholipids, a longer residence time, and a higher reaction temperature. Under certain conditions, the incorporation of
around 30% caprylic acid can be obtained in continuous operation with hexane as the solvent.
Presented at the 95th American Oil Chemists' Society Annual Meeting and Expo in Cincinnati, Ohio, May 10, 2004. 相似文献
58.
Biomass pyrolysis in a circulating fluid bed reactor for the production of fuels and chemicals 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
An approach for biomass flash pyrolysis in a circulating fluid bed (CFB) reactor with continuous solids regeneration is described in this study. The unit is capable of performing conventional and catalytic biomass pyrolysis with the proper solid selection. The production of improved quality liquid products in a direct step through catalytic pyrolysis is investigated in this work. Both conventional and catalytic biomass pyrolysis can be effectively performed in this CFB unit. Flash pyrolysis conditions were achieved and liquid product yields of ∼70 wt% (on biomass feed) were obtained. The effect of specific operating variables including the type of inorganic solid material and the solid/biomass ratio was established on the final liquid product quality and yield. Solid materials considered included silica sand, a commercial fluid catalytic cracking catalyst and a ZSM-5 additive. Catalytic biomass pyrolysis generally leads to the production of additional water, coke and gases compared to conventional pyrolysis. However, the obtained liquid product quality and composition is improved. 相似文献
59.
The new dust removal technical route using the carbon-granular bed filter,packed of carbon particles with appropriate grade derive from an online-process vibration sieve,to replace the traditional baggy filter had been developed successfully for capturing the micro-carbon dusts produced from pulverization of petroleum coke,and the green close loop of carbon materials is thus completed in the combined pulverizing and classifying system and pulverized carbon dust removal process.The high dust removal efficiency greater than 99%,low outlet dust concentration less than 100 mg.m-3,low pressure drop through dust filtration chamber less than 980 Pa,simple and easy design,and flexible and stable operation were achieved also with the carbon-granular bed filter in both bench and industrial scale operations. 相似文献
60.