电厂碳钢蒸汽管道石墨化诊断

本文对碳钢蒸汽管道石墨化常用的诊断方法——金相分析法、化学分析法、机械性能试验法进行了探讨。并将密度法、超声波法应用于石墨化的诊断,实验证明密度法和超声波法用于石墨化的诊断是可取的。     

The superlattice structure and self-adaptive performance of C–Ti/MoS2 composite coatings

To improve the self-adaptability of MoS₂ coating in different environments, the coatings were doped with functional C and Ti by unbalanced magnetron sputtering system. The clear superlattice structure with minimal modulation period was investigated by High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM). The co-doped coatings have better mechanical properties due to the special structure and the formation of C–Mo, Ti–S and Ti–O bonds, and better lubrication performance in both high humidity and vacuum than those of the single-doped ones. The doped Ti not only facilitates the formation of the MoS₂ (002) basal plane, but also improves the oxidation resistance of the composite film. The degree of friction-induced graphitization on the wear tracks and the quality of transfer films on the wear scars are key factors affecting the lubrication performance of the composite film. In the high-humidity environment, the reasonable doping elements can promote the formation the high-quality transfer film by interacting with H₂O water molecules, which will benefit the lubrication of the coating better. Our findings deepen the understanding of MoS₂ composite coating and provide a new solution for improving the self-adaptability of the coating.     

炭素制品在石墨化过程中的"Puffing"

炭素制品在石墨化过程中时常会出现导致大量裂纹废品的"Puffing"现象,严重影响了产品的质量,本文旨在探讨引起"Puffing"现象的因素、产生机理以及介绍几种在石墨制品生产过程中已经被广泛采用的抑制、减少该现象产生的有效措施,以提高石墨制品的质量及成品率指标。     

优质阳极的生产技术探讨

从阳极生产装备和工艺两方面分析了影响预焙阳极质量的主要因素,提出了有利于提高阳极质量的一些想法,并建议减少或停止出口阳极的生产,把相关技术转向自用阳极,提高我国电解铝的生产技术水平。     

薄壁球墨铸铁件的研究进展

概述了国内外关于薄壁球墨铸铁件的最新研究进展,介绍了薄壁球墨铸铁件生产与普通球墨铸铁件的区别;论述了各类石墨化和反石墨化元素对组织和力学性能的影响;介绍了真空处理对薄壁球铁件性能的影响,同时介绍了薄壁球铁件力学性能的评价方法。分析当前薄壁球铁研究特点,展望了研究的发展趋势。     

Catalytic graphitization of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fibers with Fe-Cr2O3 composite coating

The process of electrodepositing Fe-Cr2O3 composite coating on polyacrylonitrile(PAN)-based carbon fibers and its catalytic graphitization were studied.Carbon fibers with and without electrodeposited Fe-Cr2O3 composite coating were heat treated at different temperatures and the structural changes were characterized by XRD,Raman spectroscopy and SEM.The results indicate that Fe-Cr2O3 composite coating exhibits a significant catalytic effect on graphitization of carbon fibers at low temperatures.When the Fe-Cr2O3-coated carbon fibers were heat treated at 1 300°C,the interlayer spacing(d002) and ratio of relative peak area(AD/AG) reach 3.364-and 0.34,respectively.Whereas,the extent of graphitization of pristine carbon fibers is comparatively low even after heat treatment at 2 800°C and the values of d002 and AD/AG are 3.414  and 0.68,respectively.The extent of graphitization of carbon fibers increases not only with the increase of the catalyst gross but also the Cr2O3 content in Fe-Cr2O3 coating.The catalytic effect of Fe-Cr2O3 composite coating accords with the dissolution  precipitation mechanism.     

碳纳米管表面处理技术的研究

对催化裂解法制备的碳纳米管（CNTs)分别进行了酸处理，高温石墨化及酸处理结合高温石墨化的综合处理。利用透射电镜，拉曼光谱仪，红外光谱仪等手段对处理前后的CNTs进行了分析。结果表明，石墨化和酸煮对CNTs表面的去除非晶碳，提高晶态化程度的作用都具有明显的效果，而2种方法相结合则对碳纳米管晶化程度的提高作用效果更加显著。     

典型碳纤维连接件微观结构分析

金属连接件连接较为受限,需要利用碳纤维材料与金属材料共同连接才可满足实际应用,而碳纤维的微观结构对其性能影响较大,针对上述问题对碳纤维的微观结构进行了研究.制备了PAN100、PAN200型碳纤维材料,并以其作为研究对象进行微观结构分析.结果表明,PAN100碳纤维表面部分区域的纤维束之间出现交联、粘结或磨损现象,而PAN200碳纤维相比PAN100碳纤维更为光滑,表面结构比较均匀,纤维较为细密,且无裂纹和孔洞.PAN200碳纤维的物理性能优于PAN100碳纤维,且PAN200结构相比PAN100碳纤维更适合用作碳纤维连接件.     

碳钢石墨化自动检测

本文针对碳钢金相图像的处理和识别。采取了多重分形的消噪算法进行图像滤波和基于分形理论的图像边缘提取法进行边缘提取。同时定义和提出了石墨化面积、石墨链长度和石墨含量、等效面积和分形维数等特征参量。作为测定出金相图片的定量标准。从而把国家制定的碳钢石墨化的标准评级图由定性描述转换为定量描述。为实现碳钢石墨化的定量检测奠定了基础。     

Effects of iron catalyst on the formation of crystalline domain during carbonization of electrospun acrylic nanofiber

To investigate the effects of introducing the iron compound on the carbonization behavior polyacrylonitile (PAN)-based electrospun nanofibers were carbonized with or without iron(III) acetylacetonate (AAI) over the temperature range of 900–1500 °C in nitrogen atmosphere. The morphological characteristics of the carbon nanofibers were investigated using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The electrical conductivity of the carbon nanofiber web was measured by four-point probe method. The iron catalyst had a profound effect on the crystal structure of the carbonized nanofiber. In the presence of AAI the nanofibers carbonized at 1300 °C developed graphite structure, which could be obtained at the temperature higher than 2000 °C in the absence of the catalyst. The in-plane size of the graphite crystals (L_a) was measured to be about 6.5 nm by Raman spectroscopy and the (0 0 2) spacing by XRD was 0.341 nm.