锅炉过热器/再热器管道热流密度的评估方法

通过建立数值模型进行编程计算,分析了锅炉过热器/再热器管道在不同的管道几何尺寸、烟气温度、蒸汽流量和温度下,各个界面热流密度的变化情况。通过回归分析得到了热流密度与管道内壁侧氧化层厚度和运行时间的关系表达式,即热流密度的评估关系式。     

蒸发结晶操作中传热温差的选择

蒸发结晶是化工生产中常见的单元操作，在其加热过程中，较高的传热温差对于强化传热效率、提高设备能力极为有利。但是，传热温差过高会引起蒸发结晶操作的不稳定，甚至造成生产装置停车，使所追求的高效率适得其反。因此，必须合理选择传热温差，以保证生产装置在高效、稳定的状况下运行。     

基于电流实部与虚部双向追踪的输电设备利用份额模型及应用

:针对输电设备利用份额的传统定义不能计及有功和无功潮流的耦合作用,基于电流的实部与虚部分量提出输电设备利用份额的新模型及定义。该模型将节点和支路功率转换为电流,通过对电流的实部和虚部分别进行双向追踪,可得到全网用户对输电网的利用份额。该模型不受分配模式的限制,通过恰当处理对地支路,可直接用于联营体模式下输电损耗和成本的完全分摊,文中给出了相关证明。采用“节点分裂”的等效方法和面向元件的分配模式,该方法可实现联营-双边交易共存模式下输电损耗的分摊。以5节点系统为例,对新定义和几种不同定义进行了比较,并对双边交易的增量和边际损耗及本文结果进行了分析。给出的IEEE-30节点算例验证了该方法的有效性。     

一种用于推挽式电压型逆变器的低损耗无源吸收电路

提出并实现了一种推挽式PWM电压型逆变器用无源吸收电路;设有独立的放电回路让缓冲电容器上的能量部分地回馈到直流电源中,高频放电能量不会叠加在输出电压上;缓冲电容器的电压被钳位,使得推挽电路特有的倍压不会在吸收电路上造成额外的损耗。给出吸收电路参数的设计准则和计算实例,在200VDC和30kW级的中压中功率逆变装置中发挥了推挽拓扑的优点。理论分析和实验验证了所提方法的有效性。     

Heat regulating strategy in numerical control end milling for hard metal machining

The trend in die/mold manufacturing at present is towards the hard machining at high speed to replace the electron discharge machining. Failure forms of the A1TiN-coated micro-grain carbide endmill when used for the machining of/IS SKD61 (HRC 53), a widely used material in die/mold manufacturing, are investigated. The endmill shows a characteristic that tool life decreases greatly due to the chipping when overload occurs or the rapid increase of wear when over-heat accumulation in cutting edges. As a consequence of the investigation, a strategy to regulate heat generation in the end milling process is proposed. This is accomplished by controlling the cutting arc length, i.e. the length of each flute engaging workpiece in a cutting cycle. Case studies on the slot end milling and comer rounding are conducted. The results show that the proposed strategy suggests the optimal tool path as well as the optimal pitch between successive tool paths under the cutting time criterion.     

热交换器材料优化研究

对内螺纹铜管尺寸优化、铝箔厚度减薄前后的空调热交换器进行了单体性能实验和整机性能实验对比。实验结果表明优化后的内螺纹铜管、铝箔完全满足使用要求，为节约空调热交换器材料提供了有力的依据。     

Intercomparison of Thermophysical Property Measurements on an Austenitic Stainless Steel

The results of an inter laboratory comparison of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, specific heat capacity, and thermal expansion measurements on austenitic stainless steel in the temperature range between 20 and 1000°C are presented here. Mean values are presented for the physical properties studied. Reliable relative expanded uncertainties can be stated for the properties determined, which were achieved by applying good measurement practice, i.e., 3% for thermal expansion, 5% for specific heat capacity and thermal diffusivity, and 6% for thermal conductivity. The mean values derived from this intercomparison agree well with the results of a previous intercomparison in 1990. An erratum to this article is availabale at .     

钢管热连轧机架爆炸复合衬板的研究

在分析了各种钢板复合工艺优缺点的基础上,首次提出钢管热连轧机架耐磨衬板采用爆炸焊接工艺进行复合.衬板背面选用韧性强和焊接性能好的低碳低合金结构钢,衬板工作面选用中高碳多元低合金耐磨合金钢.在此基础上,研究了两种不同钢板的爆炸复合工艺,检测了复合面的组织和性能,并研究了复合钢板的热处理工艺,着重解决了复合钢板高温热处理时的氧化和淬火冷却时的变形.新开发的复合钢板在钢管热连轧机架上具有优良的使用效果.