Review of The encyclopedia of child care and guidance.

A most distinguished editorial staff, advisory board, and large roster of contributors were involved in producing this massive book. Part I, the first two-thirds of the book, contains more than 1,000 alphabetically arranged, cross-referenced entries followed by a classified list of agencies and organizations and an annotated list of further readings. Part II consists of 30 excellent chapters on various aspects of child development and the social forces affecting children. The encyclopedia portion of the book is consistently addressed to the stereotype of a literate but completely naive parent. The style is chatty and nontechnical while the pages are decorated with an abundance. Certainly few will quarrel with the repetitive message: Be loving and patient but seek professional help when a real problem exists. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Errata: "A Longitudinal Study of Who Seeks Counseling When"

Reports an error in the original article "A Longitudinal Study of Who Seeks Counseling When" by W. Harry Sharp and Barbara A. Kirk (Journal of Counseling Psychology, 1974[Jan], 21[1], 43-50). The sentence on page 50 should read as follows: "They appeared to be more intellectually oriented, less personally integrated, and altruistically inclined." (The following abstract of this article originally appeared in record 1974-26400-001.) Determined at what time the members of a university freshman class who sought counseling initiated their contacts with counselors. Over the 4-yr period 401 males and 319 females sought counseling. In general, the rate of initiation declined steeply over time, both by years and by quarters within years. An occasional reversal occurred for females. Characteristics of the Ss as related to time of initiating counseling were also studied, utilizing scores on the School and College Ability Test, Omnibus Personality Inventory, and SVIB, administered in freshman orientation. Neither male nor female Ss differed significantly in test results when time of counseling initiation was considered by the 4 academic quarters. By year, quarter by quarter, and by parts of quarters, the Omnibus Personality Inventory yielded significant results on some scales. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

大学:一个寻求真理的地方——雅斯贝尔斯《大学之理念》的解读

"大学是致力于寻求真理的共同体"的观点是雅斯贝尔斯在《大学之理念》中最为重点论述的一个观点。以此观点展开,雅斯贝尔斯认为,科学是通往真理的最重要的道路,交流是教师和学生在大学里寻求真理的最典型方式。"大学是致力于寻求真理的共同体"的观点是雅斯贝尔斯在《大学之理念》中最为重点论述的一个观点。以此观点展开,雅斯贝尔斯认为,科学是通往真理的最重要的道路,交流是教师和学生在大学里寻求真理的最典型方式。     

基于Web的齿轮减速器设计优化系统开发

采用最新齿轮强度计算标准,利用ASP和网页制作技术,在Visual Basic、Visual Inter-Dev6.0环境下开发出了基于Web和齿轮设计制造专家咨询的减速器远程优化设计系统,从而实现减速器的远程优化设计,详细设计校核,齿轮的设计与制造的专家咨询,精度检索等。在减轻齿轮工程技术人员的劳动强度,提高工作效率,实现齿轮计算机辅助工程分析(CAE)等方面做出了一定的探索。     

再论甜菊糖苷的甜度、甜味和苦涩后味的成因机理

从分子化学结构角度出发,再一次论述分析了甜度、甜味与苷元的C连接部位和糖基种类、葡糖基数的关系;论证了甜菊糖苷甜味带苦涩后味的根本原因和事实,并详尽列出应用文献。     

Personality traits and bitterness perception influence the liking and intake of pale ale style beers

Bitterness is classically considered undesirable in foods and beverages. Yet, widespread commercial success of beers (like Bitters in the UK or IPAs in the US) indicate bitterness is desirable for some consumers. Here, we tested whether personality traits influence beer liking and intake. Under laboratory conditions, beer consumers (n = 109) rated liking and intensity of 2 pale ales and a lager, and intensity of two bitter solutions (quinine, Tetralone®). Participants also completed intake and personality questionnaires (Sensation Seeking, Sensitivity to Punishment and Reward, and Food Involvement). A liking ratio for each beer was calculated from each participant’s liking for that specific beer and their total liking for all beers. Participants were classified as weekly, monthly, or yearly pale ale consumers using intake data. Using intensity ratings, personality measures, and other parameters, hierarchical linear regression was used to predict liking ratios, and logistic regression was used to predict beer intake frequency. A significant interaction between Sensation Seeking and quinine bitterness (p = 0.03) was found for the liking ratio of a pale ale. The interaction revealed liking of the pale ale increased with Sensation Seeking but only if quinine bitterness was also high. Intake models showed increased odds of frequent pale ale intake with greater quinine bitterness and lower liking for lager beer. These data suggest liking and intake of pale ales is positively related to Sensation Seeking and bitter taste perception. Contrary to findings in other bitter foods and beverages, the high bitterness found in pale ales may be desirable for some consumers.     

Some factors affecting the amount of information sought about others.

This investigation examined the effects upon the amount of information that Ss would seek about others of: (a) the sex of the S; (b) whether the information was all positive, all negative, or ambivalent; and (c) the sex of the other person. The results indicate that female Ss seek more information than males, that Ss seek more ambivalent than univalent information, and that less information is sought when the other person is a woman than when the other is a man. The valence of the final impression was clearly related to the valence of the information that Ss received, although male Ss formed a highly negative impression of women who were described in ambivalent terms. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Evaluation of log‐of‐power extremum seeking control for wind turbines using large eddy simulations

The extremum seeking control (ESC) algorithm has been proposed to determine operating parameters that maximize power production below rated wind speeds (region II). This is usually done by measuring the turbine's power signal to determine optimal values for parameters of the control law or actuator settings. This paper shows that the standard ESC with power feedback is quite sensitive to variations in mean wind speed, with long convergence time at low wind speeds and aggressive transient response, possibly unstable, at high wind speeds. The paper also evaluates the performance, as measured by the dynamic and steady state response, of the ESC with feedback of the logarithm of the power signal (LP‐ESC). Large eddy simulations (LES) demonstrate that the LP‐ESC, calibrated at a given wind speed, exhibits consistent robust performance at all wind speeds in a typical region II. The LP‐ESC is able to achieve the optimal set‐point within a prescribed settling time, despite variations in the mean wind speed, turbulence, and shear. The LES have been conducted using realistic wind input profiles with shear and turbulence. The ESC and LP‐ESC are implemented in the LES without assuming the availability of analytical gradients.     

基于光纤陀螺的残周期正弦拟合快速寻北法

在旋转调制寻北的基础上,提出少于一个旋转周期的快速寻北方法。建立了旋转调制寻北输出模型,介绍了三参数正弦拟合原理并推导出最小二乘估计算法的Cramer-Rao下限,最后设计了光纤陀螺残周期快速寻北实验。实验结果表明,残周期残缺程度越大,寻北时间会越短,北向偏角会越大;实验陀螺应用该方法,1/3个周期寻北精度为0.3°,1个周期寻北精度为0.009°,达到一个周期内快速寻北的目的。     

Cylinder pressure based combustion phase optimization and control in spark-ignited engines

Efficiency and emissions of spark-ignited engines are significantly affected by combustion phase which can usually be indicated by crank angle of 50\% mass burnt (CA50). Managing combustion phase at the optimal value at which the maximal efficiency can be achieved is a challenging issue due to the cyclic variations of combustion process. This paper addresses this issue in two loops: CA50 set-point optimization (outer loop) and set-point tracking (inner loop) by controlling spark advance (SA). Extremum seeking approach maximizing thermal efficiency is employed in the CA50 set-point optimization. A proportional-integral (PI) controller is adopted to make the moving average value of CA50 tracking the optimal CA50 set-point determined in the outer loop. Moreover, in order to obtain fast responses at steady and transient operations, feed-forward maps are designed for extremum seeking controller and PI controller, respectively. Finally, experimental validations are conducted on a six-cylinder gasoline at steady and transient operations to show the effectiveness of proposed control scheme.