Thermal spraying of biomaterials

Osteoconductive hydroxyapatite coatings for metallic endoprostheses for hip and knee joint replacement provide a state-of-the-art template for enhanced in-growth of bone cells. However, the high temperature of the plasma jet leads to large scale dehydroxylation and decomposition of the starting powder. A model is being developed to explain the formation of chemically and mechanically inhomogeneous porous calcium phosphate coatings deposited by atmospheric plasma spraying onto titanium alloy substrates. In addition the biofunctionality is being discussed of titania bond coats and their influence on the in vivo performance of hydroxyapatite-titania duplex coating systems.     

Bi-based superconductors fabricated in high magnetic fields

The microstructure and superconducting properties of Bi-2223 superconductor fabricated in high magnetic fields were investigated. The results shows that the Bi-2212 grains with their c-axis parallel to the magnetic field were formed after the partial-melting and solidification in 8 T magnetic field, and transformed into the Bi-2223 grains with c-axis alignment during the further sintering process at 840 ℃ without magnetic field. The conversion of Bi-2212 grains to Bi-2223 grains has the heredity in grain alignment. The mixed structures of the Bi-2223 and the Bi-2212 grains with their c-axis parallel to the magnetic field are formed in samples sintered at 850-855 ℃ in 10 T magnetic field. When sintered in 10 T below 845 ℃, a high proportion of Bi-2223 phase is obtained, however no preferred orientation is observed. The Bi-2223 grains with their c-axis parallel to the axial direction of the vertical tube furnace are formed not only on the surface, but also in the center of the sample sintered at 850 ℃ for 120 h in a 15 ℃/cm temperature gradient without magnetic field. Moreover, the samples sintered in the temperature gradient and in a 10 T magnetic field have a stronger c-axis alignment ofbi-2223 phase.     

岩土工程勘察的重点分析

近年来,岩土工程勘察技术发展得非常快,研究领域不断拓展,取得了较多的成就。但是,在发展过程中也存在一些不足。重点分析了岩土工程勘察工作,并结合实际工作提出一些个人意见,以期能为相关工作提供帮助。     

基于漏磁原理的钢丝绳探伤仪影响因素研究

介绍了钢丝绳探伤仪漏磁检测原理,并使用有限元分析方法分析了传感器零件的材料、钢丝绳的提离距离及断丝根数等对基于漏磁原理的钢丝绳探伤仪检测结果的影响。分析结果表明,提离距离、断丝根数等因素对探伤仪检测结果影响较大,断丝角度、深度等因素影响较小。     

Proximity-Induced Fully Ferromagnetic Order with Eightfold Magnetic Anisotropy in Heavy Transition Metal Oxide CaRuO3

Ferromagnetic materials with a strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) have attracted much attention in recent years because of their exotic properties and potential applications in energy-efficient spintronics. However, such materials are scarce in nature. Here, a proximity-induced paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition for the heavy transition metal oxide CaRuO₃ in (001)-(LaMnO₃/CaRuO₃) superlattices is reported. Anomalous Hall effect is observed in the temperature range up to 180 K. Maximal anomalous Hall conductivity and anomalous Hall angle are as large as ∼15 Ω⁻¹ cm⁻¹ and ∼0.93%, respectively, by one to two orders of magnitude larger than those of the typical 3d ferromagnetic oxides such as La_0.67Sr_0.33MnO₃. Density functional theory calculations indicate the existence of avoid band crossings in the electronic band structure of the ferromagnetic CRO layer, which enhances Berry curvature thus strong anomalous Hall effects. Further evidences from polarized neutron reflectometry show that the CaRuO₃ layers are in a fully ferromagnetic state (∼0.8 μ_B/Ru), in sharp contrast to the proximity-induced canted antiferromagnetic state in 5d oxides SrIrO₃ and CaIrO₃ (∼0.1 μ_B/Ir). More than that, the magnetic anisotropy of the (001)-(LaMnO₃/CaRuO₃) superlattices is eightfold symmetric, showing potential applications in the technology of multistate data storage.     

35 T强磁场下Cernox和氧化钌温度传感器的磁致电阻效应研究

以Cernox(CX-1050、CX-1030)和氧化钌(RX-202、RX-102)温度传感器为研究对象,研究了其在0—35 T场强、0.75—69.5 K温区下的磁致电阻效应。实验结果表明:CX-1050和RX-202的磁效应和在35 T下的测量误差都随温度的变化出现正负磁效应和正负温度误差交替的现象,且低于10 K时,磁效应随温度的变化率明显增大,在35 T、4.2 K处CX-1050和RX-202的磁效应分别为-6.63%、2.21%;总体来说强磁场下受磁阻影响由小到大分别为RX-202、CX-1050、CX-1030、RX-102,尤其RX-202,在1—35 T、4.2 K以下产生的测量误差小于-0.1 K。Cernox和氧化钌温度传感器受磁场的影响都较小。     

强磁场对硅锰铸钢于A_1点附近等温珠光体相变的影响

通过开展12 T强磁下硅锰铸钢(50Si_2Mn_3)于A_1点温度附近不同等温时间的热处理试验,并对比强磁场与无磁场条件下等温珠光体相变试验结果,研究了磁场对珠光体转变量及组织形貌的影响。研究表明,对于50Si_2Mn_3在A1点以下较高温度范围内,强磁场可缩短珠光体相变的孕育期,促进硅锰铸钢珠光体转变,使其转变量明显增加;强磁场能够提高珠光体转变临界点,使50Si_2Mn_3在A1点以上等温过程中能够发生珠光体相变。     

我国陆地观测卫星现状及发展战略思考

本文回顾总结了我国陆地观测卫星载荷体系、地面系统建设及数据应用等方面的发展现状和成就,分析了当前所面临的挑战和任务,以此为基础,对我国陆地观测卫星的未来发展进行了战略思考和展望,提出了加强国家顶层规划、加强地面系统统筹建设、实现系列化业务化运营、加强国际合作、推进产业化发展等建议.     

The use of an electrothermal plasma gun to simulate the extremely high heat flux conditions of a tokamak disruption

Disruption damage conditions for future large tokamaks like ITER are nearly impossible to simulate on current tokamaks. The electrothermal plasma source SIRENS has been designed, constructed, and operated to produce high density (> 10²⁵/m³), low temperature (1–3 eV) plasma formed by the ablation of the insulator with currents of up to 100 kA (100 s pulse length) and energies up to 15 kJ. The source heat fluence (variable from 0.2 to 7 MJ/m²) is adequate for simulation of the thermal quench phase of plasma disruption in future fusion tokamaks. Different materials have been exposed to the high heat flux in SIRENS, where comparative erosion behavior was obtained. Vapor shield phenomena has been characterized for different materials, and the energy transmission factor through the shielding layer is obtained. The device is also equipped with a magnet capable of producing a parallel magnetic field (up to 16 T) over a 8 msec pulse length. The magnetic field is produced to decrease the turbulent energy transport through the vapor shield, which provides further reduction of surface erosion (magnetic vapor shield effect).