碳化硅晶须增强铝复合材料的断裂研究

在备有拉伸台的扫描电子显微镜上原位观察了V_f为22％的碳化硅晶须增强铝(SiC_W/Al)复合材料压铸态试样和T_6态试样的动态拉伸过程。结果发现外加应力达到180-190MPa时复合材料内部就已形成许多微裂纹,裂纹一般在晶须端部形成,其扩展亦有一定的规律。经过对复合材料简化模型的复变函数分析和计算,求出了晶须周围应力场,进一步通过塑性力学的分析,从理论上解释了本文所观察到的实验现象。     

离子束增强沉积氮化硅膜及TiAl抗高温氧化性能的改善

用离子束增强沉积（ＩＢＥＤ）方法在金属间化合物ＴｉＡｌ上合成厚度为０．５，１，和２μｍ的氮化硅薄膜。所形成的薄膜为非晶态，膜与基底间存在混合的过渡区，膜与基底结合紧密用ＡＥＳ，ＸＲＤ和ＸＰＳ研究薄膜的组成和结构，高温循环氧化结果表明，经沉积膜的ＴｉＡｌ试样的抗氧化性能显著提高其中沉积０．５μｍ薄膜的试样表现出极好的抗循环氧化性能由ＳＥＭ及ＥＤＳ分析得出，良好的高温稳定性能、高的膜／基底结合力和形成富Ａｌ２Ｏ３和硅化物的保护层是提高ＴｉＡｌ抗高温氧化性能的主要因素．     

Research of quasi-solid fracture behavior of casting Al-4.5Cu alloys

The influencing mechanisms of elements Ti and Ce and their interactions on fracture behaviors of casting alloys Al-4.5Cu-0.6Mn were studied by observing tensile fracture behavior in quasi-solid zone under SEM and EDX instruments.The results indicate that the resistance stress against hot cracking can be improved obviously by addition of Ti, because of its grain refining function. It is also found that, when Ce is added into the alloys, besides its effect in refining crystalline, the mechanical behavior of lower melting point eutectic phase in quasi-solid zone can be improved efficiently by some compounds with Ce formed and deposited between dendrites. Therefore, a coiligating effect of Ti and Ce on improving resistance stress against hot cracking is more efficient than that only single alloy element is applied. When hot cracking occurs, grains yield at first, and then crack spreads. Both inter-grain and trans-grain fractures are observed, but the major fracture manner is brittleness.     

铁素体钢中氢对材料辐照肿胀行为的影响

利用离子加速器将氢离子注入ＪＦＭＳ合金试样，在超高压电子显微镜下进行了电子辐照，对辐照空洞的形成过程进行原位观察，模拟研究了核反应生成的氢对材料辐照肿胀的影响。实验结果表明，注氢主要对照空洞的形核产生促进作用。并由此促进材料的辐照肿胀。在５７０Ｋ辐照时，氢的这一促进辐照空洞形核的作用尚不十分明显。随着辐照温度的升高其作用农渐增强，在６７０Ｋ辐照时，注氢可使辐照空洞的数密度增加一个数量级，材料的辐照     

激光熔覆制备B_4C_p/Ni合金复合涂层的组织与性能

对Ni60合金粉末中添加B4C陶瓷颗粒的激光熔覆组织结构和力学性能做了研究。结果表明,加入陶瓷颗粒可增加熔覆层中强化相数量,提高涂层的硬度和耐磨性,在陶瓷颗粒加入量达到15%时效果最好。     

Stress－rupture Property and Microstructure of Yttria Dispersion Strengthened Alloy MA956

Ｓｔｒｅｓｓ－ｒｕｐｔｕｒｅＰｒｏｐｅｒｔｙａｎｄＭｉｃｒｏｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｏｆＹｔｔｒｉａＤｉｓｐｅｒｓｉｏｎＳｔｒｅｎｇｔｈｅｎｅｄＡｌｌｏｙＭＡ９５６ＳｈａＷｅｉ（沙维）（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｉｖｉｌＦｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，ＴｈｅＱｗｅ...     

Role of Al2O3 layer in oxidation resistance of Cu-Al dilute alloys pre-annealed in H2 atmospheres

Copper was alloyed with small amounts of Al (0.2, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mass%) to improve the oxidation resistance. Copper (6 N) and the Cu-Al alloys were oxidized at 773-1173 K in 0.1 MPa oxygen atmosphere after hydrogen annealing at 873 K. Continuous very thin Al₂O₃ layers were formed on the surface of all Cu-Al dilute alloys during the hydrogen annealing. Oxidation resistance of Cu-Al alloys was improved especially for Cu-2.0Al at 773-973 K, while it decreases on increasing the oxidation temperature. Cu-Al alloys followed the parabolic rate law at 1173 K, but most of other cases do not at and below 1073 K. Oxidation resistance for Cu-Al alloys was found relevant to the maintenance of the thin Al₂O₃ layer at the Cu₂O/Cu-Al alloy interface.     

变质处理高速钢导辊的研究

通过调整高速钢成分和采用RE—K—Na复合变质处理；改变了共晶碳化物的形态和分布，使铸造高速钢冲击韧度提高69．9％，热疲劳抗力也明显改善。变质处理高速钢导辊使用中不粘钢、不破碎、不剥落，使用寿命比高镍铬合金铸钢和Crl2MoV锻钢导辊提高2—3倍。     

Corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel separator for molten carbonate fuel cell

STS310S and SC-STS310S (simultaneously co-deposited chromium and aluminum onto 310S austenitic stainless steel substrate by pack-cementation process) were used as separator materials on the cathode side of a molten carbonate fuel cell. With the STS310S, corrosion proceeded via three steps; a formation step of unstable corrosion product, a protection step against corrosion until breakaway, and an advance step of corrosion after breakaway. The final corrosion product was LiFeO₂ and the loss of mass was 6.5 mg/cm² after a corrosion test of 480 hr at 650°C. The SC-STS310S showed more effective corrosion resistance, however, than did common STS310S. There was especially no corrosion loss on the SC-STS310S after the 480 hr corrosion test. It is anticipated that it will be very useful as an alternative separator on the cathode side off the MCFC in the future.     

氢对Ti—6Al—4V合金的高温增塑作用

测定了各种氢含量对Ti-6Al-4V合金的流变应力(σ),应变速率敏感指数(m)和延伸率(δ)的影响,并对其微观结构进行了观察研究。结果表明,适量的氢对该合金在800—860℃范围内具有减少流变应力和降低超塑温度以及增加塑性的作用。