Enantioselective conversion of linoleate hydroperoxide to an α, β-epoxy alcohol by niobium ethoxide

Niobium (V) ethoxide [Nb(OC₂H₅)₅] catalyzed the rearrangement of methyl 13(S)-hydroperoxy-9(Z),11(E)-octadecadienoate (Me-HPODE) to epoxy hydroxy isomers. At low temperature (5°C) in aprotic solvent, Me-HPODE was converted to the diastereomeric α, β-epoxy alcohols, methyl 11(R,S),12(R,S)-epoxy-13(S)-hydroxy-9(Z)octadecenoate. These products are referred to as oxylipids and structurally resemble those obtained from the vanadium- and epoxygenase-catalyzed rearrangement of Me-HPODE but are distinct from products obtained from ferrous iron-, hematin-, and hemoglobin-catalyzed rearrangements. Because the product of the niobium-catalyzed rearrangement of Me-HPODE was predominantly the erythro diastereomer, the rearrangement is distinguished from that produced by a titanium catalyst, in which the threo diastereomer [methyl 11(R), 12(R)-epoxy-13(S)-hydroxy-9(Z)-octadecenoate] predominates, and from that produced by a vanadium catalyst, in which both diastereomers are produced in equal proportion. The synthesis of alcohol epoxide by Nb(OC₂H₅)₅ was inhibited by traces of water, but inclusion of molecular sieves in the reaction medium did not improve yield, as the alcohol epoxide rearranged to ketonic materials.     

沸石催化剂上过氧化氢异丙苯分解反应的研究

主要考察了几种沸石催化剂对于过氧化氢异丙苯分解反应的活性及寿命。研究表明,改性β沸石活性较高,Ｙ系列沸石和ＨＺＳＭ－５催化剂的活性较差。ＨＺＳＭ－５活性较差的原因是由于孔道太小限制了反应物分子的进入,改性β沸石具有较高活性是因为酸强度在－８．２～－５．６的酸量较多。改性β沸石的单程寿命较长,其单程寿命与较强Ｂ酸量的关系曲线呈火山形,说明有最佳较强Ｂ酸量存在。通过对失活催化剂的表征可知,积炭是催化剂失活的主要原因。经再生后催化剂的活性和单程寿命基本稳定     

Long-term behavior of oil-based varnishes and paints I. Spectroscopic analysis of curing drying oils

The curing of drying oils at 60°C has been investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Fourier transform Raman analysis of linseed oil and poppyseed oil. In the first step, hydroperoxides are formed (broad vibration band centered around 3425 cm⁻¹) with concomitant conjugation and cis-trans isomerization of the double bonds (disappearance of cis bands at 3011 and 716 cm⁻¹, appearance of trans conjugated and trans nonconjugated bands at 987 and 970 cm⁻¹). The subsequent decomposition of hydroperoxides in the presence of oxygen leads to the formation of alcohols (nitrite band at 779 cm⁻¹ after nitrogen monoxide treatment), aldehydes (bands at 2810 and 2717 cm⁻¹ in gas phase), ketones (saturated and unsaturated at 1720 and 1698 cm⁻¹, respectively), carboxylic acids (saturated and unsaturated acid fluorides identified at 1843 and 1810 cm⁻¹ after SF₄ treatment), and peresters or γ-lactones (near 1770 cm⁻¹). A rapid decrease in the double-bond concentration is recorded when curing continues, and the formation of epoxides, characterized by a vibration band at 885 cm⁻¹, is observed. Thermolysis experiments have suggested the proposal of a reaction of addition of peroxyl radicals on the conjugated double bonds as a probable mechanism. This mechanism explains both the rapid disappearance of conjugated double bonds and the formation of epoxides as intermediate products observed in the initial step of curing.     

四丁基溴化铵催化合成环氧大豆油

在无溶剂无羧酸条件下,以四丁基溴化铵为相转移催化剂,用65%的叔丁基过氧化氢(TBHP)为氧源直接合成环氧大豆油。考察了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量及TBHP与碳碳双键摩尔比对环氧化反应的影响,通过红外光谱对催化环氧化的机理进行了初步探究。结果表明:在反应温度65℃、反应时间3 h、催化剂用量3.0 g(10.0 g大豆油)、TBHP与碳碳双键摩尔比1.5∶1条件下,催化环氧化效果最好,环氧值、转化率和选择性分别达到3.5%、53.9%和77.5%。此方法操作简单,催化剂价格低,简化了工艺流程,降低了工艺成本,同时克服了传统方法使用羧酸和溶剂等造成的弊端。     

非催化条件下异丙苯液相过氧化反应动力学

研究了非催化条件下异丙苯(IPB)液相氧化主副反应动力学,包括主要副产物α-甲基苄醇(MBA)和苯乙酮(ACP)生成规律以及重要链终止产物ROOR (DCP)的分解反应路径。基于烃类链式自由基反应机理,建立了包含反应物IPB、主产物过氧化氢异丙苯(IPBHP)、副产物MBA、ACP以及链终止产物DCP的反应动力学模型。动力学模型预测结果与实验数据吻合良好。通过对373～404 K下实验数据的拟合,得到了不同温度下各基元反应速率常数和活化能。模拟计算表明,两个副反应活化能均大于主反应;链终止产物DCP的分解反应通过氧气的参与进行。研究结果可为异丙苯液相氧化工业反应过程的设计和优化提供基础参数,并且有利于深化对烷基芳烃液相氧化反应机理的认识。     

Acidic Montmorillonite/Cordierite Monolithic Catalysts for Cleavage of Cumene Hydroperoxide

In this work, a series of acidic montmorillonite/cordierite monolithic catalysts were prepared by a coating method using silica sol as the binder. The morphology and structure of the acidic montmoril o...     

Effects of High-Intensity Pulsed Electric Fields on Lipoxygenase and Hydroperoxide Lyase Activities in Tomato Juice

ABSTRACT:  The influence of high-intensity pulsed electric field (HIPEF) parameters, namely, pulse frequency, pulse width, and polarity on tomato juice lipoxygenase (LOX) and hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) activities was studied using a response surface methodology. Samples were subjected to square-shaped pulses of 35 kV/cm for 1000 μs, with pulse width ranging from 1 to 7 μs at frequencies from 50 to 250 Hz, either in monopolar or bipolar mode. Tomato LOX was more resistant to HIPEF than HPL within the range of assayed conditions. An increase in frequency or pulse width resulted in a decrease of both residual LOX ( RA_LOX ) and HPL ( RA_HPL ) activities. The lowest  RA_LOX  (81%) was observed when tomato juice was treated at 250 Hz for 7 μs in bipolar mode. Moreover, the same conditions led to the highest HPL activity reduction ( RA_HPL  = 10%). A validation of the predictive models determined that 2nd-order expressions were accurate enough to fit the experimental results.     

正相高效液相色谱法测定腌腊肉制品中磷脂酰胆碱氢过氧化物的含量

采用正相高效液相色谱法对腌腊肉制品中的磷脂酰胆碱氢过氧化物（PC-OOH）进行检测。腌腊肉制品中的PC-OOH用氯仿-甲醇（2∶1,V/V）提取,以合成的C16∶0/18∶2 PC-OOH为标样,采用正相高效液相色谱-紫外法进行检测。色谱柱：Lichrosorb Si60（250 mm×4.0 mm,5 μm）;流动相：A为水,B为正己烷-异丙醇（3∶2,V/V）,采用梯度洗脱;流速：1 mL/min;柱温：30 ℃;检测波长：234 nm。结果表明：C16∶0/18∶2 PC-OOH在20～600 nmol/mL范围内呈现良好的线性关系（R2=0.999 9）,检出限为5.8 nmol/mL,定量限为19.4 nmol/mL,不同水平的平均回收率为79.4%～91.9%。实际样品分析显示,农家腊肠A、B和火腿中方样品中PC-OOH的含量比较高,为92.4、106.4 nmol/g和102.5 nmol/g,烟熏肉中未检出PC-OOH。本实验建立的分析方法简便快捷、具有较好的灵敏度和可靠性,可用于腌腊肉制品中PC-OOH的定量分析。     

正相高效液相色谱法测定叔丁基过氧化氢

建立了丙烯环氧化反应中叔丁基过氧化氢(TBHP)的高效液相色谱分析方法。考察了色谱柱类型、流动相配比和检测器紫外吸收波长对测定结果的影响,得到了高效液相色谱法测定TBHP含量的适宜分析条件。即采用Hypersil NH2正相色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm×5μm),以体积比80∶20的乙腈-二氯甲烷混合溶液为流动相,流量1.0 mL/min,柱温30℃,紫外检测波长222 nm。测试结果表明,丙烯环氧化反应产物中的组分在4 min内可完全出峰,并得到良好的分离;TBHP质量浓度在0.17～17.30 mg/mL内时,其与峰面积呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.999 9,检出限为3.46μg/mL,加标回收率达99.4%～101.2%。该分析方法准确、快速且灵敏度较高。     

BIPB缩合液分析方法及高效液相色谱法的优化

介绍了两种用于控制1,3(1,4)-双(叔丁基过氧异丙基)苯缩合反应速率的分析方法(化学滴定方法和高效液相色谱法).针对高效液相色谱测定方法,详细介绍了液相色谱法测定条件的确定、回收率实验、精密度实验等,并优化了液相色谱法的分离条件.相比化学滴定法,高效液相色谱法是一种确保生产安全、提高产品质量的更加适宜的分析方法.