渠首水位实时调控模型——以船行灌区一支渠为例

很多大中型灌区在输配水过程中存在水位衔接不当的问题,加之田面高程存在起伏,使得灌溉时往往存在部分田面不能上水或受淹等问题。本文提出了空间灌溉率的概念,并利用GIS的三维分析功能研究了其与渠道渠首水位之间的关系。分析表明,空间灌溉率与渠首水位之间的关系符合Logistic曲线;针对船行灌区一支渠,得到该Logistic曲线的参数,并确定了一支渠渠首和干渠渠首不同空间灌溉率所需的水位,为灌区水位实时调控提供基础数据。     

State space model predictive fault-tolerant control for batch processes with partial actuator failure

This paper presents a state space model predictive fault-tolerant control scheme for batch processes with unknown disturbances and partial actuator faults. To develop the model predictive fault-tolerant control, the batch process is first treated into a non-minimal representation using state space transformation. The relevant concepts of the corresponding model predictive fault-tolerant control is thus introduced through state space formulation, where improved closed-loop control performance is achieved even with unknown disturbances and actuator faults, because, unlike traditional model predictive fault-tolerant control, the proposed control method can directly regulate the process output/input changes in the design. For performance comparison, a traditional model predictive fault-tolerant control is also designed. Application to injection velocity control shows that the proposed scheme achieve the design objective well with performance improvement.     

遥感器像移与图像参数的分析建模研究

卫星平台运动会产生恶化像质的像移,像移是影响遥感图像质量的重要因素.针对这种情况,建立了像移和图像参数的关系模型,可通过卫星生成图像的内在特征定量研究卫星成像过程中产生的像移,而不必通过产生像移的卫星平台等因素建立物理模型来研究像移.首先模拟了遥感器在轨成像过程,通过人工制造出影响因素的干扰获得了仿真图像数据,然后定量分析了像移与图像参数之间的相关性,选出了相关性较强且适合建模的图像参数,最后通过对这些图像参数构成的向量的降维得到了反映图像质量的综合参数,并建立了综合参数与像移的关系模型,以通过图像综合参数来计算像移.实验结果表明,这种模型能够很好地反映图像综合指标与像移之间的关系.该研究通过图像参数定量研究像移,为在轨运行卫星的遥感器像移与外景条件下的遥感图像要素的相关建模研究提供了部分技术支持.     

不同重力环境的空间机械臂自抗扰轨迹跟踪控制

针对空间机械臂在地面装调与空间应用时,由于重力环境变化导致机械臂模型发生变化的问题,提出了一种自抗扰控制算法,用于完成空间机械臂轨迹跟踪控制的任务.该算法通过将系统模型及未知外扰作为系统的总和扰动,并利用扩张状态观测器对该扰动进行观测且给予补偿,从而提高了系统抗扰的性能.当机械臂模型随重力环境变化而发生变化时,使用同一个自抗扰控制器对其末端轨迹进行控制,均能取得较好的控制效果.通过对系统的稳定性进行分析,证明了所设计控制器的有效性.将仿真结果与PD控制及自适应鲁棒控制做比较,结果表明该控制算法不仅能适应机械臂模型的变化而且还能有效抵抗系统的扰动,从而使系统具有较强的鲁棒性.     

Study on the polymerization of ϵ‐caprolactam in the interlamellar spaces of [TEACOOH]–montmorillonite intercalations complex and its characterization

The polymerization of ?‐caprolactam between the interlamellar spaces of the [TEACOOH]–montmorillonite intercalations complex was attempted using Na–montmorillonite and 10‐carboxy‐n‐decyltriethylammonium bromide to achieve [TEACOOH]–polycaprolactam–montmorillonite, in which montmorillonite (inorganic polymer) is chemically bonded with the polycaprolactam (organic polymer). The results of X‐ray and IR analysis for the samples obtained after polymerization showed that the polymerization reaction has been successfully accomplished. For the purpose of studying the polymeric reaction product more precisely, we have isolated the polymerized product from the silicate layers and analyzed it with X‐ray diffractometer and IR spectrometer. Comparison of the results of X‐ray and IR analysis between the isolated polymer and the polymer that was synthesized by the reaction of ?‐caprolactam only with the organic cation without montmorillonite showed that both obtained polymers are the same compounds. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 1904–1910, 2003     

相空间重构在语音情感识别中的研究

为了更为全面地表征语音情感状态,弥补线性情感特征参数在刻画不同情感类型上的不足,将相空间重构理论引入语音情感识别中来,通过分析不同情感状态下的混沌特征,提取Kolmogorov熵和关联维作为新的情感特征参数,并结合传统语音特征使用支持向量机（SVM）进行语音情感识别。实验结果表明,通过引入混沌参数,与传统物理特征进行识别的方案相比,准确率有了一定的提高,为语音情感的识别提供了一个新的研究途径。     

The imaginary planes method for the calculation of radiative heat transfer in industrial furnaces

Radiation is usually the dominant mode of heat transfer in furnace enclosures. The imaginary planes method is one of the new methods for calculating the radiative heat transfer in such systems. In this study, a general procedure was developed for its application in furnace modelling. Various case studies were carried out for a number of furnaces, and the results were compared with those of the zone method. It was found that the new method combines good accuracy with low computation time and appears to be a promising method for the determination of heat flux and temperature distributions within furnace enclosures.     

论环境陶艺空间的要素特性

环境陶艺空间有三大要素特征：其一，思维空间在环境陶艺空间中的特性；其二，环境空间在环境陶艺空间中的特性；其三．陶艺作品空间与心理空间在环境陶艺空间中的特性。通过以上分析，可以看出环境陶艺空间各要素之间相互作用、具有相互依存的空间系统化的关系。     

质量交换网络集成的状态空间法

State space approach is an effective method to mass-exchange network (MEN) synthesis. By decomposing the network into two interactive parts, a distribution network and a process operator, the synthesis problem can be formulated into a mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model. In this article, a generalized state space model based on typical MEN is established and verified in two cases. A new asymmetrical operator and cost index are also adopted to speed up the solution process. The results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach.     

State space approximation for general fractional order dynamic systems

Approximations for general fractional order dynamic systems are of much theoretical and practical interest. In this paper, a new approximate method for fractional order integrator is proposed. The poles of the approximate model are unrelated to the order of integrator. This feature shows benefits on extending the algorithm to the systems containing various fractional orders. Then a unified approximate method is derived for general fractional order linear or nonlinear dynamic systems via combining the proposed new method with the distributed frequency model approach. Numerical examples are given to show the wide applicability of our method and to illustrate the acceptable accuracy for approximations as well.