How green is green? Sampling and perception in assessing green seeds and chlorophyll in canola

Green seeds are used as a grading factor in estimating chlorophyll in canola and rapeseed in the Canadian and U.S.A. grading systems. This work examines the effect that sampling and perception have on the estimation of green seeds as well as the effect that sampling has on the determination of chlorophyll. Individual seed analysis indicated that in order to be considered as green, seeds needed to contain between 200 and 400 mg/kg chlorophyll. Variation due to binomial sampling played a predominant role in the error in determining the green seed levels in canola. Sampling of large numbers of seeds, as in the loading of export shipments, reduced the error. Binomial sampling also contributed to the error in chlorophyll determination even with sample sizes as large as 500. Differences in perception of green also were noted between individuals with coefficients of variation as high as 50% at the 1% green seed level. The combination of perception error and sampling error may result in samples of 1,000 seeds drawn from a mass with 2% green seeds having green seed counts ranging from 0.96 to 3.04%, 19 times out of 20.     

Transsaccadic representation of layout: What is the time course of boundary extension?

How rapidly does boundary extension occur? Across experiments, trials included a 3-scene sequence (325 ms/picture), masked interval, and repetition of 1 scene. The repetition was the same view or differed (more close-up or wide angle). Observers rated the repetition as same as, closer than, or more wide angle than the original view on a 5-point scale. Masked intervals were 100, 250, 625, or 1,000 ms in Experiment 1 and 42, 100, or 250 ms in Experiments 2 and 3. Boundary extension occurred in all cases: Identical views were rated as too \"close-up,\" and distractor views elicited the rating asymmetry typical of boundary extension (wider angle distractors were rated as being more similar to the original than were closer up distractors). Most important, boundary extension was evident when only a 42-ms mask separated the original and test views. Experiments 1 and 3 included conditions eliciting a gaze shift prior to the rating test; this did not eliminate boundary extension. Results show that boundary extension is available soon enough and is robust enough to play an on-line role in view integration, perhaps supporting incorporation of views within a larger spatial framework. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

边缘增强结合多尺度信息融合的皮肤病变分割

针对皮肤病灶大小不一、与周围皮肤对比度低、边界模糊不规则、存在伪影及毛发干扰等问题, 本文提出一种边缘增强结合多尺度信息融合的皮肤病变分割算法, 该算法由编码器、多尺度感知模块、边缘增强模块、轻量化解码器组成. 首先在编码器中构建Transformer模块以提取全局信息, 使用卷积操作以提取局部信息; 其次设计多尺度感知模块, 采用密集连接结构的门控空洞卷积金字塔模块来融合多尺度特征; 接着构建边缘增强模块, 利用深层特征促进对边缘特征的探索以更好的保留细节和边缘信息; 最后设计轻量化解码器, 采用CARAFE轻量化算子进行上采样, 在使用相对较少参数的情况下保持较高的分割精度. 在公开数据集ISIC2016和ISIC2018上做对比实验, 结果表明, 本文算法分割精度高于其他流行算法.     

基于网络点评数据的天津北宁公园文化感知分析

【目的】文化感知已经成为公园文化景观的重要价值构成。游客对公园的文化感知状态直接影响他们对公园的印象和体验。探究游客的文化感知状态对于提升公园形象和传达场所精神具有重要的意义。【方法】以天津北宁公园为研究区域,通过抓取国内4个主要旅游社交类网络平台的点评数据,构建公园评论数据库,对评论文本进行多层级词频分析、情感倾向及公园文化感知程度的重要性—表现性(importance-performance, IPA)分析,有助于自下而上地解读游客的景观认知。【结果】北宁公园使用人群主要为本地游客,公园景观已经成为本地游客集体记忆的一部分。本地游客重视儿时记忆,对于公园景观风貌和公园的年代感有较强的认同度和关注度,但是对于公园涉及的历史人物、事件及其与城市的关联,缺少深入了解。游客对于新建的园林建筑和公园的文化活动具有一定的认可度,但是关注程度较低。【结论】北宁公园是天津城市历史文化景观记忆的重要组成部分。居民与游客对公园的历史文化景点有高关注和认可,但对后期改建和更新景观的关注度较低,可能引发负面情绪。保留历史景点、强调景点风貌和历史性,以及推广相关传统活动可以增强公园的历史文化形象,吸引更多游客的关注和认同。本研究证实了网络点评数据在文化感知方面的可用性,为后续城市公园文化景观更新与保护提供了依据。