Study of viscosity of mono-, di-, and trialkylamines

Viscosities of several mono-, di-, and trialkylamines have been measured in the temperature range 298 to 333 K. It is observed that viscosities are highly dependent on shape, size, and association through H-bond or through dipole. Following the transition state theory, energy, Gibbs free energy, and entropy of activation of viscous flow have been calculated. The values of expansion energy for these liquids have also been calculated using free volume theory, and subsequently amines have been classified as volume-restrained or energy-restrained liquids. The group contribution method of Van Velzen, Cardozo, and Langenkamp for estimating viscosity has been examined with the present and literature data, and the new group contribution increments N _i and B _i for amines have been evaluated.     

Isobaric vapor—liquid equilibria for binary systems composed of methyl butanoate with ethanol and with propan-1-ol at 114.66 and 127.99 kpa

Vapor-liquid equilibrium data for the binary systems methyl butanoate/ethanol and methyl butanoate/propan-l-ol at pressures of 114.66 and 127.99 kPa are presented. Both mixtures yield an azeotrope, the compositions (ester) of which decrease quasi-linearly as the pressure increases. The experimental data for all the binary mixtures were fitted to a suitable equation and then used for comparison with predictions by ASOG and UNIFAC methods. These group contribution models give a good estimation of activity coefficients with an overall mean error less than 5% for all cases.     

Internal structure of coalitions in competitive and altruistic graphical coalitional games

This paper introduces a certain graphical coalitional game where the internal topology of the coalition depends on a prescribed communication graph structure among the agents. The game Value Function is required to satisfy four Axioms of Value. These axioms make it possible to provide a refined study of coalition structures on graphs by defining a formal graphical game and by assigning a Positional Advantage, based on the Shapley value, to each agent in a coalition based on its connectivity properties within the graph. Using the Axioms of Value the graphical coalitional game can be shown to satisfy properties such as convexity, fairness, cohesiveness, and full cooperativeness. Three measures of the contributions of agents to a coalition are introduced: marginal contribution, competitive contribution, and altruistic contribution. The mathematical framework given here is used to establish results regarding the dependence of these three types of contributions on the graph topology, and changes in these contributions due to changes in graph topology. Based on these different contributions, three online sequential decision games are defined on top of the graphical coalitional game, and the stable graphs under each of these sequential decision games are studied. It is shown that the stable graphs under the objective of maximizing the marginal contribution are any connected graph. The stable graphs under the objective of maximizing the competitive contribution are the complete graph. The stable graphs under the objective of maximizing the altruistic contribution are any tree.     

基于1H NMR测定和基团贡献法预测石油馏分的热化学性质

测定了两种原油 2 0个石油馏分的¹H NMR谱和氢、碳元素含量等结构参数 ,以及馏分的燃烧焓、蒸发焓等热化学性质 .假设每个石油馏分仅由CH₃ 、CH₂ 、CH、ACH和C这 5种简单基团构成 ,基于¹H NMR测定和元素分析结果解出石油馏分平均分子结构中的基团数目 ,再用纯有机物的基团贡献法预测石油馏分的燃烧焓、蒸发焓 ,预测值与实验数据吻合良好     

基于主成分分析中的几类问题的计算公式及结论

讨论了主成分分析中的几类问题的计算方法,重点揭示在协方差矩阵中对角元素相同时的第一主成分及贡献率和对角元素不同时的主成分贡献率．经讨论后给出有关计算公式,并说明这些计算公式在多元统计分析中的实际作用     

跨文化交际中的词汇空缺现象分析

语言是跨文化交流中最主要的手段,而词汇又是语言中最活跃的因素。由于受各自民族文化的影响,在跨文化交际过程中,会出现词汇空缺现象,给跨文化交际带来障碍。研究词汇空缺现象,了解并掌握造成词汇空缺现象的原因,明白其内涵,就可以避免在跨文化交际中产生误解,减少障碍,从而使跨文化交际得以顺利进行。     

轻型商用车驾驶室声场特性分析

建立了驾驶室的三维有限元模型,并进行了结构模态分析;建立了驾驶室声学有限元模型以及声固耦合模型,通过对其声学模态及耦合模态进行分析,对驾驶室声场有了初步了解.对驾驶室进行谐响应分析,得到位移结果文件,为后续声场分析提供了边界条件。利用Sysnoise声学软件计算驾驶员耳旁声压曲线,并进行声学灵敏度分析,深入研究引起驾驶室内噪声的原因。采用边界元法分析了驾驶室各板件声学贡献,确定了地板为声学贡献量最大的板件。在以上研究的基础上,通过加强地板刚度对驾驶室进行修改。     

科技论文的写作规范及顺利发表

为帮助年轻的科研、教学人员提高论文写作水平,以有关国家标准、行业标准为依据,介绍了供期刊发表的科技论文的组成部分,比较详细地阐明了论文各部分的写作要求和写作中应注意的一些问题,并指出怎样才能使论文顺利发表。     

中国碳排放增长的宏观因素及可持续增长模式选择

基于1990～2007年时间序列数据,通过构建碳排放与经济增长各宏观因素关系的C-D函数模型,分析得出:技术进步、最终消费支出、资本形成总额、货物及服务净出口对我国碳排放年增长率的贡献额,最终消费支出和技术进步对碳排放增长有抑制效果.根据这一结论,将我国经济发展分为"高增长,高效率","低增长,低效率","低增长,高效率","高增长,低效率"4种发展模式.由于消费和技术进步是拉动经济增长的强大动力,因此扩大内需和促进技术创新是我国实现可持续发展的必然途径.