半导体致冷电对金属化层粘接强度的研究

试验研究了三种半导体致冷电对金属化系统的拉伸强度，其中铋－镍－锡金属化系统与半导体致冷材料粘接强度最高，超过原始棒状材料的拉伸强度，它是半导体致冷器电对的最好的金属化系统。     

Co-Production of Fungal Biomass Derived Constituents and Ethanol from Citrus Wastes Free Sugars without Auxiliary Nutrients in Airlift Bioreactor

The potential of two zygomycetes fungi, Mucor indicus and Rhizopus oryzae, in assimilating citrus waste free sugars (CWFS) and producing fungal chitosan, oil, and protein as well as ethanol was investigated. Extraction of free sugars from citrus waste can reduce its environmental impact by decreasing the possibility of wild microorganisms growth and formation of bad odors, a typical problem facing the citrus industries. A total sugar concentration of 25.1 g/L was obtained by water extraction of citrus waste at room temperature, used for fungal cultivation in shake flasks and airlift bioreactor with no additional nutrients. In shake flasks cultivations, the fungi were only able to assimilate glucose, while fructose remained almost intact. In contrast, the cultivation of M. indicus and R. oryzae in the four-liter airlift bioreactor resulted in the consumption of almost all sugars and production of 250 and 280 g fungal biomass per kg of consumed sugar, respectively. These biomasses correspondingly contained 40% and 51% protein and 9.8% and 4.4% oil. Furthermore, the fungal cell walls, obtained after removing the alkali soluble fraction of the fungi, contained 0.61 and 0.69 g chitin and chitosan per g of cell wall for M. indicus and R. oryzae, respectively. Moreover, the maximum ethanol yield of 36% and 18% was obtained from M. indicus and R. oryzae, respectively. Furthermore, that M. indicus grew as clump mycelia in the airlift bioreactor, while R. oryzae formed spherical suspended pellets, is a promising feature towards industrialization of the process.     

投药条件对结团凝聚工艺的影响

本文阐述了结团凝聚的基本原理及优越性。认为在结团工艺中,PAC的主要作用是使水中颗粒脱稳凝聚形成理想的初始粒子;而PAM的主要作用是增强初始粒子同结团体间的结合强度,由此亦决定了PAC和PAM投加位置的不同。通过实验研究,得出了PAC和PAM对分析指标Ct、ρe、dp的影响规律和它们的适宜范围。     

CO/CO2气氛下含碳球团还原动力学模型及其应用

分析了ＣＯ／ＣＯ２气氛下含碳球团的还原步骤,以此为基础建立了含碳球团还原动力学的微分方程组,并编制了相应的计算机程序,在验证了该数学模型准确性的基础,对ＣＯ／ＣＯ２气氛中含碳球团的还原行为进行计算机模拟,该模型全面考虑了ＦＡＳＴＭＥＴ工艺条件下还原过程中的各种影响因素,模拟计算结果与献「１」的实测结果相符合,证明了用此模型可以优化含碳球团的直接还原工艺条件。     

Implementation and solution of the diffusion–reaction equation using high-order methods

The orthogonal collocation, Galerkin, tau and least-squares methods are applied to solve a diffusion–reaction problem. In general, the least-squares method suffers from lower accuracy than the other weighted residual methods. The least-squares method holds the most complex linear algebra theory and is thus associated with the most complex implementation. On the other hand, an advantage of the least-squares method is that it always produces a symmetric and positive definite system matrix which can be solved with an efficient iterative technique such as the conjugate gradient method or its preconditioned version. For the present problem, neither the Galerkin, tau and orthogonal collocation techniques produce symmetric and positive definite system matrices, hence the conjugate gradient method is not applicable for these numerical techniques.     

工艺参数对冀东磁铁精矿生球性能的影响

研究了水分、膨润土配比和矿粉粒度对冀东磁铁矿生球性能的影响．结果表明：膨润土配比达到2．0％时，不仅可以提高生球的落下强度和抗压强度，而且可以提高生球的爆裂温度．水分对生球性能影响显著，适宜的造球水分为7．9％～8．4％；生球强度随矿粉粒度的变细而提高，而爆裂温度明显下降．矿粉粒径小于0．074mm（-200目）的达到83％时，生球性能得到很好地改善，满足球团生产的需要．     

铁矿石含碳球团中碳的气化反应速度对球团熔融的影响

 利用气化反应速度不同的焦炭和石墨作为还原剂,考察了铁矿石含碳球团在高温加热时还原铁的渗碳、熔融及球团结构的变化规律。根据研究的结果,得到以下结论：①碳的气化反应速度对铁的渗碳及熔融有重要影响;②气化反应速度较快的焦炭混合球团在1 350 ℃加热9 min时球心部首先出现熔融铁粒,而气化反应速度较慢的石墨混合球团在1 250 ℃加热9 min时在球团表面首先出现熔融铁粒;③反应中物料混合状态的变化以及反应后球团内部空洞的大小都受到碳的气化反应速度的影响。     

200 万t链箅机-回转窑球团生产线快速达产实践

介绍了邯钢200万t链箅机-回转窑酸性氧化球团生产线的工艺特点和主要设备,以及建成投产后试生产的有关情况。通过周密的部署和安排,该生产线实现了40天快速达产的目标。     

马钢竖炉球团润磨工艺优化试验研究

为了优化马钢竖炉球团润磨工艺参数,研究了润磨参数对球团过程的影响.试验结果表明,在马钢条件下,混合料适宜的润磨水分、润磨时间分别在5%～6%、10～12min,适宜的润磨比例在70%水平,适宜的预热、焙烧时间在15～18min;适宜的预热、焙烧温度分别在900℃～950℃、1200℃～1250℃.试验还表明,生球水分低于9.5%时,其爆裂温度均高于600℃.     

高炉护炉用钒钛球团矿的开发

针对新西兰高钛粗矿粉含钛量较高的特点,制成含钛球团用于高炉护炉。根据球团生产工艺原理,设计了生产球团的工艺流程并确定了技术要求,试验及使用结果表明,研制生产的含钛球团矿具有强度高、含铁品位高,成本低等特点,起到了高炉护炉及降低炉料成本的双重作用。