Calibration of the Weibull stress scale parameter, σu, using the Master Curve

This work proposes that the Weibull stress scale parameter, σ_u, increases with temperature to reflect the increasing microscale toughness of ferritic steels caused by local events that include plastic shielding of microcracks, microcrack blunting, and microcrack arrest. The Weibull modulus, m, then characterizes the temperature invariant, random distribution of microcrack sizes in the material. Direct calibration of σ_u values at temperatures over the DBT region requires extensive sets of fracture toughness values. A more practical approach developed here utilizes the so-called Master Curve standardized in ASTM Test Method E1921-02 to provide the needed temperature vs. toughness dependence for a material using a minimum number of fracture tests conducted at one temperature. The calibration procedure then selects σ_u values that force the Weibull stress model to predict the Master Curve temperature dependence of K_Jc values for the material. At temperatures in mid-to-upper transition, the process becomes more complex as fracture test specimens undergo gradual constraint loss and the idealized conditions of high-constraint, small-scale yielding assumed in E1921-02 gradually degenerate. The paper develops the σ_u calibration process to incorporate these effects in addition to consideration of threshold toughness effects and the testing of fracture specimens with varying crack-front lengths. Initial illustrations of the calibration process for simpler conditions, i.e. 1T crack-front lengths, use the temperature dependent flow properties and a range of toughness levels for an A533B pressure vessel steel. Then using the extensive fracture toughness data sets for an A508 pressure vessel steel generated recently by Faleskog et al. [Engng. Fract. Mech., in press], the paper concludes with calibrations of both m and σ_u over the DBT region and assessments of the Master Curve calibration approach developed here.     

基于VB6．0的灰色建模系统开发及其应用

灰色系统理论是应用广泛的、用于不确定问题建模和不确定信息系统数据挖掘的一门新兴横断学科。基于VB6.0的灰色建模系统的开发填补了灰色系统理论及其应用的空白。文中阐述了该系统的开发思想、应用流程及几个关键技术,并以2002～2005年上海市上网户数预测为例,介绍了其子程序GM(1,1)的用法。该建模系统的开发有利于广大学者应用灰色系统进行建模和数据分析,促进其在应用领域的发展。     

基于NURBS的工程可视化建模技术

文中结合工程可视化的特点，着重于对其实现的基础技术——三维数字建模技术，提出了用NUM强进行建模的方法。从实用的角度讨论了几种方法的应用特点，并针对工程实际应用中的各种复杂形体，解决了如何有效地运用这些方法进行三维建模以及实现的若干工程可视化实际应用。     

An interactive agent-based system for concept-based web search

Search engines are useful tools in looking for information from the Internet. However, due to the difficulties of specifying appropriate queries and the problems of keyword-based similarity ranking presently encountered by search engines, general users are still not satisfied with the results retrieved. To remedy the above difficulties and problems, in this paper we present a multi-agent framework in which an interactive approach is proposed to iteratively collect a user's feedback from the pages he has identified. By analyzing the pages gathered, the system can then gradually formulate queries to efficiently describe the content a user is looking for. In our framework, the evolution strategies are employed to evolve critical feature words for concept modeling in query formulation. The experimental results show that the framework developed is efficient and useful to enhance the quality of web search, and the concept-based semantic search can thus be achieved.     

一个分布式嵌入系统的系统级模型

在分析CDM的基础上提出了一个适合干对分布式嵌入式系统进行分布式模拟的软硬件协同设计模型。该模型可描述分布式嵌入系统的实时性、同步，也可对其进行参数化修正。     

HL-2A Tokamak Edge Modeling with B2

The outer divertor plasma of HL-2A and its associated scrape-off plasma have been simulated using a two-dimensional multi-species fluid code of Braams with a simplified neutral gas model. HL-2A has a double-null closed divertor in separate divertor chambers above and below the nearly circular plasma tours. The computed numerical grid is developed according to an ideal magnetic surface. The calculation is involved only with pure hydrogen plasma. The emphasis has been focused on parametric studies involving variation of the assumptions made for the core plasma. The peak temperatures and the heat flux near the target are of the principal concern。     

CIMS中信息建模原则及一种面向对象的建模方法和实现

该文讨论了ＣＩＭＳ中信息建摹基本原则，结合一个实例阐述了一种面向对象建模的方法，该方法可以完整描述地系统的动、静态特性，实现管理系统和工程系统的信息集成。     

Modeling users through an expert system and a neural network

With the number of Internet and Web users increasing rapidly, electronic service providers are competing to satisfy and better serve customers looking for information or channels of advertisement. A wide variety of browses, specialized sites, custom made software, etc. are being offered on a regular basis. However, the user has to filter through a large number of files before finding what he/she is really looking for. This paper presents a user modeling expert system, SIGMA, based on neural networks for encapsulating Internet and Web users' habits and preferences. SIGMA is an artificial intelligence application designed to answer an Internet client needs and preferences. It analyses the user supplied demographic data and the monitored transactions then generate a tailored profile that is ultimately used to filter what information is being passed on to him/her in an effort to reduce and hopefully eliminate the time and energy expended in sifting through raw and often unwanted data.     

IEC61850操作语义形式化描述的Petri网方法及其实现

通过对IEC61850标准中变电站配置语言(SubstationConfigurationLanguage,SCL)的XMLSchema(ExtensibleMarkupLanguageSchema)定义和声明内容的研究发现,统一建模语言(UnifiedModelingLanguage,UML)状态机的语义表达能力存在明显的局限性,它与XML结合无法精确描述具有逻辑时序要求的模块语义,造成在IEC61850完备的语义信息模型基础上建立的ACSI(AbstractCommunicationServiceInterface)的XML描述不完备,极大地影响系统的互操作性。文章应用Petrinet建立的IEC61850控制模块具有明确的语义模型,基于XML的Petrinet形式化描述不仅实现了语义信息模型的完备描述,也完善和强化了SCL的XMLSchema描述操作语义的能力,有效保证了系统的互操作性和一致性。     

ZVZCS全桥PWM DC-DC变换器的小信号建模方法

针对ZVZCS全桥PWMDC-DC变换器的软开关工作,分析了变压器漏感和辅助谐振电路对变换器动态特性的影响。在PWM开关等效模型的基础上,结合变换器谐振电路的工作特点,提出了一种ZVZCS全桥PWMDC-DC变换器小信号分析方法,这种建模方法适用于不同类型的ZVZCS全桥变换器。通过对小信号传函幅频及相频特性的分析,证明了这种小信号分析方法具有物理意义清晰、计算简单等优点。应用这种小信号模型,依据变换器的动态性能指标对ZVZCS全桥PWM变换器中谐振元件的参数进行设计,可以使这种软开关变换器的性能得到进一步的提高。